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Articles on Vaccination

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Cancer and organ transplant patients, people with untreated HIV and people with other immunodeficiencies are at high risk of severe COVID-19 infection. burakkarademir/E+ via Getty Images

Immunocompromised people make up nearly half of COVID-19 breakthrough hospitalizations – an extra vaccine dose may help

People with weakened immune systems are at a high risk of severe and prolonged COVID-19 infections. An extra vaccine dose can bolster protection.
Unmanaged needle fear is very distressing for those affected and can influence health-care choices. Science-backed methods can help people manage their phobia and get vaccinated. (Shutterstock)

Needle fears can cause COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy, but these strategies can manage pain and fear

For the one in 10 people with a significant fear of needles, getting a vaccination is distressing. This can disrupt vaccination campaigns, but there are effective ways to manage pain and fear.
A man reacts as he gets a shot of the one-dose Sputnik Light vaccine at a mobile vaccination station in St. Petersburg, Russia. (AP Photo/Elena Ignatyeva)

Making sense of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in Russia: Lessons from the past and present

Coverage of Russian vaccination rollout has focused largely on concerns about ethics of development and inconsistent messaging. But Russian-language research complicates this picture.
Amid growing COVID-19 transmission, hospitalization and death rates, mask mandates are returning in some states. Luis Alvarez/DigitalVision via Getty Images

State policies can provide clear guidance on when to put on and take off masks – with benefits to health, education and the economy

After the CDC changed course in late July, recommending universal masking indoors, Nevada became the first state to adopt a flexible masking policy that can quickly adjust to changing COVID-19 rates.
Vaccine efficacy statistics are often based on the results of randomized controlled trials. (Art-Aleatoire.com)

How effective are COVID-19 vaccines? Here’s what the stats mean … and what they don’t

Vaccine efficacy is usually expressed as a percentage, but what is it actually measuring? Statisticians explain what the numbers mean, and what they say about how well a vaccine can protect us.

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