Cubbie Station sale no threat to food security

Controversy surrounding the recent sale of Cubbie Station in Queensland near the New South Wales border to (mainly) Chinese interests is not unexpected. Fears about foreign ownership in Australia are long-standing and deep-seated. While objections to foreign investment and ownership take many forms…

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Sensible Australian farmers don’t object when foreign investors want to buy their problematic assets. AAP Image/Cubbie Group

Controversy surrounding the recent sale of Cubbie Station in Queensland near the New South Wales border to (mainly) Chinese interests is not unexpected. Fears about foreign ownership in Australia are long-standing and deep-seated.

While objections to foreign investment and ownership take many forms, most pervasive is the idea that Australian governments cannot control foreign entities. Local citizens and businesses are supposed to be disadvantaged. This belief betrays lack of confidence in Australian institutions and ignores the fact substantial foreign investments come within the purview of the Foreign Investments Review Board.

Foreign domination may be the lot of poor countries but is scarcely the case in Australia. Arguably, foreign firms are subject to more surveillance in Australia than local businesses, whose interests are well defended by industry organisations and networks.

To usual fears about foreign investment is added the phenomenon of “rural exceptionalism” whereby agriculture is claimed to be a special case. Different rules are said to apply to agriculture and other rural activities, ostensibly because of concerns with food security. In the case of Cubbie, there is the variant “irrigator exceptionalism”, a product of Australian faith in the social and economic benefits of irrigation. Unusually, given past lax water management involving Cubbie, the proposed sale is supposed to frustrate environmental plans for the Murray-Darling Basin.

Luckily, food security is a non-issue for Australia. According to the just released Green Paper for the proposed National Food Plan, Australia produces enough food to feed around 60 million people. Over 90% of fresh produce consumed is domestically produced. Australia’s farm sector exports more than half its production.

Almost 90% of agricultural land is entirely Australian owned and half of the remainder is at least 50% Australian owned. Similarly, just over 90% of water entitlements are entirely Australian owned.

Australia has been an importer of capital since European settlement, with waves of investment by British, European, United States and Japanese investors for a range of industries. Without this investment and migration, Australia would not have developed as rapidly. In the past, foreign ownership was essentially private. This time the concern is with ownership of land by entities with closer connections to foreign governments. Put slightly differently, the excitement over foreign ownership of agricultural land is code for Chinese and Middle Eastern ownership.

Despite some opinion, governments do not have absolute control over businesses operating in those countries. These are the countries with substantial surpluses now available for investment. It is unrealistic that Australia can ignore investment opportunities from these countries. If problems were to arise subsequently, governments would be able to deal with them.

While Australian land has attracted foreign owners since European settlement, not all investors have made good judgements. That will be true in the future. Local knowledge counts in agricultural production. The assumption is that foreign owners will make substantial profits despite failures in the past. American investments of the 1960s in Esperance in Western Australia and Humpty Doo in the Northern Territory are cases in point. The land finished up back in local ownership. In the 1980s and 1990s, there was similar angst over Japanese ownership of real estate in Queensland tourist destinations. In the event, the Japanese had their fingers burnt. Australian sellers of the assets finished way in front.

The extraordinarily variable rainfall in the northern valleys of the Murray-Darling Basin makes prospects for Cubbie problematic, in any ownership. That is why Cubbie finished up in receivership around three years ago. The administrators could not find buyers, local or foreign, until the now-reviled offer came along.

One thing is certain. Sensible Australian farmers do not object when foreigners are interested in acquiring their assets and boosting their value. As with Cubbie, few are more appreciative of foreign demand for Australian agricultural land than receivers of failed Australian ventures and their lenders, doing their best to pick up the pieces after local recklessness. Managed Investment Schemes for almonds, olives and blue gums are other examples of recklessness leading to sales to foreign investors from the last couple of years.

Foreign ownership only applies to a minute proportion of Australian agriculture, and it is subject to supervision by the Foreign Investment Review Board. Foreign ownership of agricultural land is far less significant than foreign ownership in other parts of the economy.

Playing to the crowd in the argument over foreign investment in agricultural land has been recognised by commentators such as Peter Costello, in The Age of August 15, who observed that it was a manifestation of conflicts between “the rural populists and economic rationalists in the Coalition”. Internal disagreement over agricultural policy between fundamentalists and rationalists is a long-running theme on both sides of Australian politics, and society.

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18 Comments sorted by

  1. Lynne Newington

    Lynne Newington is a Friend of The Conversation.

    Researcher

    Richard Pratt would turn over in his grave on this.
    He himself an astute business man, and recycling extraodinaire, was fully aware of the value of water wanting to do something for Australia before he died and refused, remember?
    Now two foreign countries are being handed the largest pieces of land with huge water rescources a comodity that one day we may well regret parting with.
    Give it away, there'll be nothing left of our own by the turn of the century, if we're not bombed off the face of the earth by then, the result of and in retaliation for, getting mixed up in another countries politics.

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  2. Garry Baker

    resarcher

    Sounds like a line straight out of Wayne Swan's cook book for keeping up the cash flow to Canberra's coffers. ie: Sell more assets, and never ask who's doing the buying. Just keep the cash rolling in, as if it were investment income - When it reality it concerns asset sales.

    In the case of Cubbie Station .. ""Shandong Ruyi Woolen textile Group" ,previously Shandong Jining wool Spinning plant, was transformed into a state-owned company in 1996 as a result of the ownership reconfiguration…

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  3. Michael Hewson

    PhD student

    I'm not in favour of the new ownership of Cubbie Station - not because of where the new owners reside - but because the water allocation is massive and is sustainable only in good la Nina years - such marginal farming land should be in my opinion, be returned to its semi-arid natural state for the benefit of environmental flows.

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  4. Jack Arnold

    Director

    It appears that Adj/Prof Watson in the 21st century is about as relevant as Bruce Davidson's 'Northern Myth' was in the 60s. Obviously control of water resources is more important than the cotton that is produced because of that water. Then this proposal appears to be a case of international vertical integration to maximise profit for the proposed Chinese owners.

    Perhaps the idea of Chinese ownership of this important agricultural asset (water) would be more acceptable if the Australian government had insisted on the Chinese establishing a cotton spinning mill at Cubbie to provide Australian workers with the opportunity to benefit from their own natural resources.

    But then the starvation wage rates in China could not be exploited for the benefit of the Chinese owners ... who are???

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  5. William Bruce

    Artist

    Can we buy land in China, or Japan & many other places? No!
    Will the Chiese ever, ever sell Cubbie? No!
    Our farmland is finite and an major export industry.

    I think no more land ought be sold foreigners or so called "dual nationals".

    If the Chinese did not by Cubbie then some Australians would and hopefull EMPLOY Australians.

    If the Bank takes a loss so be it.....they can write it off against MONSTROUS profits.
    If the buy in price is lower that makes it more viable for Australians to buy.

    This & dual nationals ought be an election issue.

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    1. Lynne Newington

      Lynne Newington is a Friend of The Conversation.

      Researcher

      In reply to William Bruce

      Yes William, the Banks can certainly write off losses if they want to. Does anyone recall the million + the Commonwealth wrote off for the failed piggery exercise for Keating and who ever it was years ago.
      The day I read it in the news I rang Customer Service complaining considering the difficulty some had experienced repaying the morgages on their family homes, many losing them.

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  6. William Bruce

    Artist

    Lets face it the buck stops with Gillard, Swan & the LIbs.....

    Despite what some "Academics" say there is plenty of water in Oz & opportunity to conserve water with virtually ZERO enironmental impact....
    Eg what harm can there be in damming a few gullies in the HUGE Great Dividing Range?
    We ought aim for irrigation water in less marginal country.
    I say get people off the dole & build some more dams (& get hydro power too!) ...
    Plenty of opportunity for heaps of water ...we just need to conserve it & manage it.

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    1. Mister Anderson

      Student

      In reply to William Bruce

      William, may I suggest you do some significant reading about the impacts and ineffectiveness of dams (Traveston Dam might be a good start) before you suggest such measures.

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    2. William Bruce

      Artist

      In reply to Mister Anderson

      "I'm to busy to do your reading for you William, I'm sure Dr. Google has all the answers you need."

      If you are "too" busy to spend 2 mins. to make a simple logical point....you capitulate by default.

      I suspect "Science Experts", Lawmakers & vested interests can ALWAYS argue any case FOR or AGAINST anything under the Sun....
      Also, if we truly care about Oz & others, if it is not logical, we all ought remain skeptical.
      Make your point please. Throwing about references to HUGE documents that can be biased is no help.

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  7. nik dow

    logged in via Twitter

    Seems the commenters on this article haven't absorbed anything from reading it. Suddenly the "huge" water rights are a problem, but weren't when the property was "Australian" owned?

    And when the "Australian" cotton was being sold to China for processing there, this was somehow better for the low-paid Chinese labour than under the new ownership?

    Seems some people has learned much since the anti-Chinese pogroms of the gold rush era.

    (This comment sent in from Beijing, by coincidence).

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    1. nik dow

      logged in via Twitter

      In reply to nik dow

      correct last sentence: "... some people haven't learned much..."

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    2. Stephen Prowse

      CEO at Wound CRC

      In reply to nik dow

      Nik has hit the nail right on the head. If the question is about water use, lets have a debate about water use not about ownership. How do we get the best return for out water; agriculture or environmental flows? In agricultural use; where is the best return from water use? These are important questions irrespective of who owns the property.

      Would we be having a discussion about this if the purchasers were from the USA or UK? I suspect not.

      It is better to have a fully functioning productive property rather than one that remains in receivership indefinitely. How the new owners respond when the going gets tough in the next drought remains to be seen.

      Finally, they can't take it back to China, despite the fact that we seem to be sending as much of Australia as we can to Asia at the moment.

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  8. Andrew Lumsden

    logged in via LinkedIn

    Thank you for a thoughtful contribution to a debate mostly occupied by histrionics. What we need are less slogans and more thought.

    China and Australia both have an interest in improving food security. Australia’s agribusinesses are at the cutting edge of productivity and capability of greater profitability if they can get better market access. China see Australia as an important trading partner and Australia has a great number of geographic advantages. As KPMG’s report pointed out to be successful…

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  9. Nev Norton

    Farmer

    The good Professor is certainly correct with the title of his article, at least for now, that the sale of Cubbie Station is no threat to food security, We don't eat cotton. To put another slant on it though, it could well be in the future if we needed to grow a food crop on it.
    I note you said, "This belief betrays lack of confidence in Australian institutions and ignores the fact substantial foreign investments come within the purview of the Foreign Investments Review Board." I feel you are quite…

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