Hepatitis B is commonly transmitted between children, who are not aware that they are carrying the virus. Thomas Mukoya/Reuters July 28, 2015 Hepatitis B in Africa: the challenges in controlling the scourge Olufunmilayo Lesi, University of Lagos Hepatitis B vaccines have been available for over 20 years but the virus is still endemic in Africa, with the continent carrying over one third of the globe's case load.