Scientific consensus shifts public opinion on climate change

People are more likely to believe that humans cause global warming if they are told that 97% of publishing climate scientists agree that it does, a new study has found. Despite overwhelming evidence showing that human activity is causing the planet to overheat, public concern is on the wane, said the…

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Although most experts agree that CO2 emissions are causing anthropogenic global warming, public concern has been declining, the study said. http://www.flickr.com/photos/kimjphotography

People are more likely to believe that humans cause global warming if they are told that 97% of publishing climate scientists agree that it does, a new study has found.

Despite overwhelming evidence showing that human activity is causing the planet to overheat, public concern is on the wane, said the study, titled The pivotal role of perceived scientific consensus in acceptance of science and published in the journal Nature Climate Change on Monday.

“One reason for this decline is the ‘manufacture of doubt’ by political and vested interests, which often challenge the existence of the scientific consensus. The role of perceived consensus in shaping public opinion is therefore of considerable interest,” the study’s authors said.

Overall, participants in the study greatly underestimated the level of scientific agreement on the issue, the study said.

Lead researcher Stephan Lewandowsky from the Cognitive Science Laboratories at the University of Western Australia said the study involved two surveys.

In the first, 200 Perth pedestrians were asked about their views on the scientific research linking human CO2 emissions to climate change as well as their thoughts on medical research linking smoking to lung cancer and HIV to AIDS.

The results showed that people who had faith in scientific or medical research in general were more likely to accept expert opinion on climate change.

“So some people just accept science as an endeavour and it doesn’t matter whether is the science is about climate or something else,” said Prof Lewandowsky.

The second study involved surveying 100 Perth pedestrians — half in a control group and half in a ‘consensus group’.

The control group was asked about their views on the causes of climate change but the consensus group, however, was first told that 97% of publishing climate scientists agree that global warming is a direct consequence of the burning of fossil fuels by humans.

People in the consensus group were much more likely to say that human activity caused climate change, even if their political views were otherwise broadly in line with free market ideologies that eschew the government regulation required to curb emissions.

“So providing the consensus information is boosting acceptance, particularly for those people who would otherwise reject the evidence based on their world view,” said Prof Lewandowsky.

“Telling them about this numeric fact about agreement in the scientific community does make a difference. That’s quite remarkable because few things work.”

Other studies have shown that presenting evidence alone does little to change minds and can even lead to people becoming more entrenched in their disbelief of human-caused climate change, he said.

The study showed it was important for scientific communicators and journalists to tell their audience that the vast majority of climate change experts believe that human activity is causing global warming.

“It is reaching even those people who would normally tune out when you tell them the evidence,” Prof Lewandowsky said, adding that journalists should not give denialists and climate change experts equal air time.

“The media is being irresponsible if they are pretending there is a scientific debate in light of this consensus.”

Will J Grant from the Australian National Centre for the Public Awareness of Science at the Australian National University said it was an interesting and useful study.

“We can say people are convinced by the consensus but the big caveat is sceptics and climate change sceptics in particular are never going to be convinced by this,” he said. “They will say science doesn’t work by vote, it’s about facts.”

“Realistically, though, most of those sceptics are of an older generation. We are never going to convince them but they will be disappearing from the political discourse soon.”

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155 Comments sorted by

Comments on this article are now closed.

  1. Neil Gibson

    Retired Electronics Engineer

    Of course the survey gave the results it did by referring to the manufactured IPCC consensus. I wonder what the results would be if the survey was prefaced by the statement that "global temperatures had fallen over the last decade" and then ask if the respondent was worried about global warming. Maybe even show them the graph.
    http://woodfortrees.org/plot/rss/from:2001/to:2012/plot/rss/from:2001/to:2012/trend
    Prominent climate scientist Judith Curry has just presented a paper on the consensus…

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    1. Cameron Wheatley

      Student

      In reply to Neil Gibson

      mmm its funny what happens when you plot the data from 1980 into the first site you referenced...

      Something tells me that a larger sample size (an extra 20 years of data) would make the resulting trend a slightly more reliable indicator of what is actually happenning....

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    2. Will Hardy

      logged in via Twitter

      In reply to Neil Gibson

      Why did you choose to start your plot with 3 exceptionally warm years? And why so short? What happens when you zoom out? Are you trying to hide something?

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    3. Will Hardy

      logged in via Twitter

      In reply to Neil Gibson

      Sorry, I thought this was a joke, but it's possible that you're serious.

      I'm not saying you're wrong or bad or whatever, it's just not how science is done. You have to select the data before you look at it, you can't look for patterns and then disregard the data you don't like. Carefully choosing the period with the biggest declining trend by looking at the data tells you nothing.

      So, to do it properly:
      1) choose a window (do you really have to?), justify your choice
      2) choose a weighting for rolling average, justify your choice
      3) THEN look at the plot and try to interpret/explain it, without hoping for a particular trend (up or down!)

      This has been done by lots of talented people, who are all in agreement that the climate is warming dramatically, that's not in dispute by anyone. Proving the causal link to CO2 is much more difficult, but the evidence is all pointing in that direction and that's where the consensus thing comes into play.

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    4. Neil Gibson

      Retired Electronics Engineer

      In reply to Will Hardy

      Cameron However you adjust your start point over the last 14 years there has been essentially no warming. That is not really debatable. You are right in that if it is extended back to 1980 you can create a warming slope to 2012 if it suits your point of view.
      You can also view it as warming to 1997 and not warming or cooling thereafter. It is not inaccurate to say that all the warming in the last 32 years has been pre -1998. My original comment was meant to say that a survey group would react to whatever you told them prior to the survey.
      Will - Your haha comment demeans you.

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    5. Andrew Vincent

      Marketing . Communications . Multimedia

      In reply to Neil Gibson

      Your logic is flawed on at least 2 grounds:

      1- Don't compare the warming trend to a flat line, compare it to the existing trend, then calculate the statistical significance of your findings. The longer a period you use, the more statistically significant it is.

      2- Lower tropospheric temperature is not the sum temperature of the globe. It's not even a very good indicator. Most global heat is in the ocean.

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    6. Neil Gibson

      Retired Electronics Engineer

      In reply to Will Hardy

      Will
      "You have to select the data before you look at it , you can't look for patterns and then disregard the patterns you don't like" . I just wish "climate scientists" would do just that. Michael Mann who created the infamous hockey stick has been credited with choosing a small number of tree rings that agreed with his theory and disregarded the rest.He also even cut off data from those when it didn't agree with his theory .Is this what you mean by how climate science is done ? Incidentally Mann is in new trouble for falsely claiming he is a Nobel Laureate in documents submitted in a defamation case.

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    7. David Arthur

      n/a

      In reply to Neil Gibson

      Observation 1. Sun irradiates earth with short-wave energy.

      Observation 2. Earth re-radiates long-wave energy.

      Observation 3. Greenhouse gases retard transmission of long-wave energy, not short-wave energy.

      Observation 4. Arctic sea ice is melting, so that summertime sunlight is being absorped in exposed ocean rather than reflected off ice.

      Observation 5. Greenland and Antarctic ice is melting, increasing the rate of sea level rise. The rate of ice melt is accelerating as atmospheric…

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    8. David Arthur

      n/a

      In reply to Neil Gibson

      Last 14 years, eh?

      There wouldn't have been the most pronounced El Niño on record at the start of that 14 years, would there?

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    9. David Arthur

      n/a

      In reply to Neil Gibson

      Last 14 years, eh?
      There wouldn't have been one of the most pronounced El Niño's on record at the start of that 14 years, would there?
      There wouldn't have been one of the most pronounced La Nina's on record at the start of that 14 years, would there?
      There wouldn't have been a large-scale increase in sunlight-reflecting air pollution in a large North Asian nation in that time, would there?

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    10. David Arthur

      n/a

      In reply to Neil Gibson

      Err, I'll try again.

      Last 14 years, eh?
      There wouldn't have been one of the most pronounced El Niño's on record at the start of that 14 years, and one of the most pronounced La Nina's on record at the end of that 14 years, would there?
      There wouldn't have been a large-scale increase in sunlight-reflecting air pollution in a large North Asian nation in that time, would there?

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    11. Neil Gibson

      Retired Electronics Engineer

      In reply to David Arthur

      Wow! Give me a break!
      What part of "there has been no warming in the last 10 to 14 years" do you not understand? All of a sudden we now have Antarctica melting at minus 20 degrees C with record sea ice and you bring out tipping points. the ultimate flight of fancy to terrify people when the data does not agree with the theory . Pretty soon we will be able to farm Greenland if and when the original farms thaw out and Arctic ice will soon be at the level it was in 1873 when fleets of SUV's first…

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    12. David Arthur

      n/a

      In reply to Neil Gibson

      Earth is warmed by absorption of short wave sunlight. Because of this, Earth's temperature can remain unchanged by returning the same amount of energy to space. That is, solar shortwave energy is balanced by the earth re-radiating to space as a 'black body' radiator with a characteristic temperature of ~255K; that is, from space the earth's spectrum is roughly that of a radiating body with an optical surface temperature of around 255K.

      Earth's surface cools by evaporation of excited water molecules…

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    13. Andrew Vincent

      Marketing . Communications . Multimedia

      In reply to Neil Gibson

      Here you go...

      http://www.woodfortrees.org/plot/uah/from:1975/plot/uah/from:1995/trend/plot/uah/from:1979/to:1995/trend

      By cherry picking a different date you can make 1979-1995 flat then 1995-2012 warming.

      Whichever way you look at it - the noisy weather signal needs longer than an Andrew Boltian period of time if you want to draw a credible conclusion on trend. Of course - if "credibility" is not high on your agenda - 15 years is fine. :)

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    14. Ellie Price

      Consultant

      In reply to Neil Gibson

      Neil, you make the same very basic scientific mistakes that so many deniers make. I honestly don't believe you're trying to 'fudge' the data, or cherry pick dates to suit your argument, or any of the other accusations levelled at you. You and your compatriots simply don't understand that:
      1) climate and weather are not the same thing,
      2) 'trends' cannot be measured over isolated periods, and
      3) data on one variable cannot be viewed in isolation from other variables.

      If you understand the above, you understand that it doesn't matter if the temperature has decreased in the last 14 years. Not one bit. It doesn't contradict climate change models in the slightest. Because:
      1) ground temperatures are not the same thing as global temperatures, or 'climatic conditions'
      2) 14 years is an utterly insignificant period, and
      3) your 'trend' is largely attributable to other variables (El Nino-La Nina cycle, for example)

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    15. Neil Gibson

      Retired Electronics Engineer

      In reply to Ellie Price

      Ellie - although you insult me by calling me a "denier" likening me to a holocaust denier I will not respond by calling you names. I understand that climate and weather are not the same thing . Climate seems to be what we get when temperatures are warming according to the models and weather is what we have when conditions are different to model predictions . Trends can be measured any way you think fit. You assume that temperatures have not plateaued and I think that they have. Even with the amount of hind-casting used models have predicted poorly the way global temperatures have changed. No model predicted the last ten years and model predictions have been falsified by the actual data.

      http://rankexploits.com/musings/2012/hadcrut-trends-flat-for-15-years/
      In response to your "utterly insignificant period" comment you seem to be at odds with NOAA climate "experts"
      http://stevengoddard.wordpress.com/2012/09/01/climate-models-falsified-by-their-own-standards/

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    16. Gary Murphy

      Independent Thinker

      In reply to Neil Gibson

      Most of the extra energy that satellites prove is coming in is absorbed by the oceans (which have been heating in the last 15 years). It is very difficult to predict when this extra energy will be released into the atmosphere and affect surface temperatures - because it involves poorly understood ocean currents (and associated El Nino and La Nina events).

      The term 'denier' refers to the stage of grief in which the person simply refuses to accept the fact of what has happened because they don't want to face the consequences.

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    17. James Haughton

      Social Policy Researcher

      In reply to Neil Gibson

      People have been calling each other "denier" since the mid-nineteenth century. Look it up in the OED and get a grip.

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    18. James Haughton

      Social Policy Researcher

      In reply to Neil Gibson

      According to the Oxford English Dictionary, people have been calling each other "Denier" since 1475. Get a grip.

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    19. Chris O'Neill

      Telecommunications Engineer

      In reply to Neil Gibson

      "I wonder what the results would be if the survey was prefaced by the statement that "global temperatures had fallen over the last decade"

      Get off the downside of the staircase Neil: http://www.skepticalscience.com/pics/SkepticsvRealistsv3.gif

      Your cherry-pick (also known as the Texas sharpshooter) is just a dishonest trick of argument: http://yourlogicalfallacyis.com/the-texas-sharpshooter

      Please refrain from doing it.

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    20. Neil Gibson

      Retired Electronics Engineer

      In reply to James Haughton

      James FYI......the term climate denier was coined by Ellen Goodman of the Boston Globe in 2007 in an offensive article likening climate skeptics to holocaust deniers. If climate denier was in common use before that please advise.

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    21. trevor prowse

      retired farmer

      In reply to Chris O'Neill

      If you look up the data from the BOM Australian tidal station data of the air temperatures for the last 20 years ,the mean trend shows no increase in temperatures .The BOM will tell you it is too short a period to judge climate change and also the equipment is not up to the standard required by the BOM for assessing climate change. That is fair enough , but the climate commissions booklet ", THE CRITICAL DECADE" has the sea levels from the very same station data presented to the public to sell…

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    22. Spiro Vlachos

      AL

      In reply to Chris O'Neill

      Chris your logical fallacy is that you believe climate scientists do not use your so-called texas sharpshooter nonsense.

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    23. James Haughton

      Social Policy Researcher

      In reply to Spiro Vlachos

      Has anyone else noticed that Spiro, Dean, Chris and the rest of the skeptic brigade here never show up to argue whatever it is they are arguing on conversations which document the environmental changes caused by global warming, where they might have to run their nonsense past the physical scientist authors? -e.g. on the current Conversation Energy/Enviroment page, we have articles documenting ice mass loss in the Antarctic, the human signature of greenhouse gases over the last 2000 years, and Kevin…

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    24. Spiro Vlachos

      AL

      In reply to James Haughton

      No just to you James since you are a hysterical nutter.

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    25. James Haughton

      Social Policy Researcher

      In reply to Spiro Vlachos

      Why don't you man up and admit you know nothing about climate science, rather than being reduced to personal abuse?

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    26. Spiro Vlachos

      AL

      In reply to James Haughton

      "Spiro, Dean, Chris and the rest of the skeptic brigade " is personal abuse.

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    27. Spiro Vlachos

      AL

      In reply to James Haughton

      How about you admit you know nothing about science since you believe hysterical nonsense.

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    28. James Haughton

      Social Policy Researcher

      In reply to Spiro Vlachos

      You agreed with Will Grant above that "skeptic" is not abuse. Most so-called skeptics I come across love to rattle on about their skepticism, it's being called a "denier" they tend to take offence at. Is it being categorised as being part of a group that you think is personal abuse? Comparable in offense level to calling someone, oh, I don't know, "hysterical nutter"? I could call you an Adullamite, if it would make you happier!

      You need a cup of tea, a bex and a good lie down mate. And then you need to get off your high horse and learn some basic radiation physics and scientific history. Try Spencer Weart's "The Discovery of Global Warming".
      http://www.aip.org/history/climate/index.htm

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    29. James Haughton

      Social Policy Researcher

      In reply to Spiro Vlachos

      I dunno. I'm doing a lot of giggling here at your behaviour, and the way you are trashing UNSW business school's reputation with it. Is that hysteria?

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    30. James Haughton

      Social Policy Researcher

      In reply to Spiro Vlachos

      Unless you're hiding a science PhD under your econometric bushel, I reckon I know more about science than you do, mate. But why don't you specify just what about climate science you consider to be "hysterical nonsense", and we'll take it from there?

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    31. Spiro Vlachos

      AL

      In reply to James Haughton

      It seems you cant handle the fact that there are people that disagree with you.

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    32. James Haughton

      Social Policy Researcher

      In reply to Spiro Vlachos

      This site is here for discussion - if you or I didn't enjoy discussing and arguing about things, we wouldn't be here.

      The world's full of people, many, even most, of whom probably disagree with me about one thing or another. Many of them may have a point - I won't find out without discussing, and probably arguing, with them. Others may be motivated by prejudice and spite. When someone can't come up with an actual argument beyond yelling "Hysterical Nutter! Hysterical Nonsense!", I tend to suspect they fall in the latter category.

      Now, are you actually going to make some sort of argument as to why you believe the greenhouse effect is not real (or whatever it is you believe in), which was the point of my challenge to go and talk to the physical scientists (I see your contribution so far consists of "What about the polar bears?" - not really a good start, but still), or are you just going to clutch your pearls and storm off in search of the smelling salts? I'm fine either way.

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    33. trevor prowse

      retired farmer

      In reply to Chris O'Neill

      Dear Chris,
      If the survey was made up of three groups, one random,one with climate change predictions and supporters ideas and the last group who had been instructed about the deficiencies , altered data, poor predictions, non scientific opinions from the IPCC reports and BOM data , the survey would have some value. If you claim that the information that I provided was of the" texas sharpshooter type", is that how you approach all scientific data from the BOM. If you think that , well does it also apply to the Climate Change details in the Critical decade document , that was edited by climate scientists. To carry your ideas further , it puts doubt on the case for having a carbon tax in Australia. Lastly , what right have you to say ----"Please refrain from doing it."---Are you one of the controllers of this site?

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    34. Toby James

      retired physicist

      In reply to James Haughton

      James, its apt that you should mention: Spencer Weart's "The Discovery of Global Warming", because the discoveries are begining to unravell.

      It seems that Briffa at CRU has 'discovered' that his tree ring data is in need of updating because of bias.

      Seemingly, the history books were right all along on the subject of the MWP. Some 1,500 years global temperatures need improvement. Briffa now admits that pre and post MWP temperatures were higher than today.

      And to add insult to injury, JPL now say their data on sea levels and its acceleration - are, y' know' umm not quite what they said it was. The same goes for ice masses. Its all down to satellite altimetry, which JPL say is based on 'spurious data'

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    35. James Haughton

      Social Policy Researcher

      In reply to Toby James

      PS Toby, as a retired physicist and climate change sceptic, I would be interested to know your views on "Climate Change Fraud"'s attempted redefinition of the second law of thermodynamics, above.

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    36. Chris O'Neill

      Telecommunications Engineer

      In reply to trevor prowse

      You're picking out one report and claiming that it's used to "sell the governments carbon tax". That's just a cherry pick in the style of the texas sharpshooter.

      "what right have you to say ----"Please refrain from doing it.""

      Anyone has the right to ask anyone else to refrain from doing something intellectually dishonest. Whether they want to continue acting intellectually dishonestly is entirely up to them.

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    37. Chris O'Neill

      Telecommunications Engineer

      In reply to Spiro Vlachos

      Spiro, I'm glad you don't disagree that the pseudo-skeptics use the dishonest trick of cherry-picking. Where, pray tell, are cherry-picks used in peer-reviewed climate science papers?

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    38. Chris Harper

      Engineer

      In reply to James Haughton

      Spiro,

      James said: "Unless you're hiding a science PhD under your econometric bushel, I reckon I know more about science than you do, mate."

      I ceased responding to this bloke because I had enough of his constant demands that I justify claims I had not made, and his denial of claims that others quite clearly had made. I felt the discussion was descending into fantasy - his.

      His unwillingness to question, or even admit to, the scientifically absurd appeal to consensus, argumentum ad populum…

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    39. Toby James

      retired physicist

      In reply to James Haughton

      Oh, silly me - I forgot the referencs.

      This is the yes to the MWP and no to Mann's hockey stick:
      http://hol.sagepub.com/content/early/2012/10/26/0959683612460791.abstract

      Title
      Potential bias in 'updating' tree-ring chronologies using regional curve standardisation: Re-processing 1500 years of Torneträsk density and ring-width data

      T M Melvin t.m.melvin@uea.ac.uk
      University of East Anglia, UK
      H Grudd
      Department of Physical Geography and Quaternary Geology, Stockholm University, Sweden
      Keith R Briffa
      University of East Anglia, UK

      This is the sea level isn't really rising and the ice is not decreasing at the South Pole.
      http://wattsupwiththat.files.wordpress.com/2012/10/poland-2012-p09-bar-sever-pr51.pdf

      The article is about consus, no thermodynamics.

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    40. James Haughton

      Social Policy Researcher

      In reply to Chris Harper

      Actually, Chris, I gave you my answer to your argument about consensus above. Not my fault you didn't read it. It may be my fault that you couldn't answer my arguments. Speaking of "nullis in verbia", the Royal Society's motto, have you read their letter to Exxon Mobil yet?

      Now, the matter at hand. I don't expect Spiro (or you) to take what I say at face value based on my credentials or claim to knowledge.

      However, that is a different thing from disputing the _existence_ of my credentials or…

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    41. Tim Scanlon

      Debunker

      In reply to Toby James

      Melvin's paper doesn't refute Mann's work, it only reinforces and strengthens it.

      Referencing Anthony Watts is like pointing at a cow and saying it is a goat. He has about as much scientific rigor and respect as an inch worm that crawled into a tequila bottle.

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    42. James Haughton

      Social Policy Researcher

      In reply to Toby James

      Hi Toby,

      Keith Briffa's previous climate reconstructions from tree rings, which sceptics made such a fuss about were from Yamal in remote Siberian Russia. The paper you are talking about is about a different sample of tree rings from _Sweden_, which is on the north atlantic, a long way from siberia, and the sampling bias refers to inconsistencies over the last 200 years - that is some time after the medieval warm period. I don't think anyone has disputed (since 1965, when we first became aware…

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    43. James Haughton

      Social Policy Researcher

      In reply to Tim Scanlon

      In Vietnam, you can get tequila (well, sort of - a rice whiskey copy) with bottled cobras in it.
      What's more, because cobras can hibernate if chilled in liquid, every so often one of them _comes back to life_ and attacks you while you're pouring your tequila.
      I can't think why Watts made half-dead, poisonous reptiles come to mind.

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    44. Toby James

      retired physicist

      In reply to Tim Scanlon

      James, whether its your 200 years or the authors' 1,500 years, the consensus seems to be weakening.

      I've heard that the 97% came from all but 2 of the 60 something surveyees who were not discarded from the survey results.

      Tim, your reply was rather rude. Many of the university academics who participate here are quite civil. Perhaps you should get out more - or something.

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    45. Tim Scanlon

      Debunker

      In reply to Toby James

      Rude? I was making a joke about how much of a charlatan Anthony Watts is. Perhaps you are too easily offended by jokes.

      Next point, the consensus isn't weakening, it is strengthening. Climate scientists are busy doing actual work on understanding the ramifications of climate change, they don't have time to be entertaining the deniers and their vested interests. There are many, many papers that show the consensus.
      http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1462901110000420 http://dspace

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    46. James Haughton

      Social Policy Researcher

      In reply to Toby James

      No, the consensus is strengthening - the article resolved uncertainties and showed how two previously divergent measurements were consistent when sampling bias was taken into account.

      What you have "heard" is not really of interest to me. If you are a physicist, you must have come across the wide number of crank theories of physics out there. Things one "hears" which cast aspersions on climate science have much the same empirical status. I suggest that you treat climate science the same way you treat physics - take note of peer-reviewed papers and comments in journals, not cr@p found on the internet written by self-proclaimed paradigm overthrowers.

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    47. Chris Harper

      Engineer

      In reply to James Haughton

      James,

      I am well aware that under the last couple of presidents the Royal Society has abandoned hundreds of years of precedence, of staying above the arguments, and turned itself into an advocacy group, not just on climate, but on other issues as well. Under these presidents it has abandoned the principles embodied in its motto, inevitably to its long term detriment.

      Your references to the Royal Society taking a particular position are just further examples of your, yet again, appealing to…

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    48. Chris O'Neill

      Telecommunications Engineer

      In reply to Chris Harper

      "four million sounds a lot when compared to my personal bank balance, but when it comes to funding the arguments against climate alarmism, itself funded to the tune of hundreds of billions in one way or another, it is piffling"

      False equivalence. Advocacy groups don't spend endless hours gathering data, analysing it, and publishing it in scientific journals, which is what their funding is spent on.

      Please spare us the dishonest tricks of argument.

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    49. Chris Harper

      Engineer

      In reply to Chris O'Neill

      Chris,

      You said: “False equivalence. Advocacy groups don't spend endless hours gathering data, analysing it, and publishing it in scientific journals, which is what their funding is spent on. Please spare us the dishonest tricks of argument."

      Perfectly reasonable equivalence. Greenpeace, the advocacy group par excellence, has revenues of nearly a half a billion dollars a year, and all that money goes on what is essentially a marketing effort, and the internal activities to support that effort…

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    50. James Haughton

      Social Policy Researcher

      In reply to Chris Harper

      Chris, you wrote "Claims that the oil industry help finance dissenting voices is so far from reality that the claim is a joke". I pointed out evidence, including evidence supplied by the Royal Society, that they do in fact "finance dissenting voices". You can't dismiss evidence by claiming that since the evidence was supplied by an authoritative source, it is an argument from authority. That is not what an argument from authority means.

      Furthermore, since you now seem to agree that Big Oil do…

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    51. Chris O'Neill

      Telecommunications Engineer

      In reply to Chris Harper

      "the tune of hundreds of billions"

      "Greenpeace has revenues of nearly a half a billion dollars a year"

      Was it hundreds of billions or, as you now say, half a billion?

      What a classic goal-post shift.

      Obviously I was wasting my time when I asked you to spare us the dishonest tricks of argument.

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  2. Comment removed by moderator.

    1. Neil Gibson

      Retired Electronics Engineer

      In reply to Felix MacNeill

      Felix
      I am sorry you are offended. I am not really sure what a a troll is but I believe what I say. Because I have an opinion different from many on this blog does not mean I should not be heard. There are plenty of sites related to global warming which only allow comments from those who believe and maybe they are better for you.

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    2. Felix MacNeill

      Environmental Manager

      In reply to Neil Gibson

      This reply is disingenuous, patronising and meaningless.

      I can't recall the last time I heard anyone suggest that they didn't believe what they say, so your mere claim has no meaning. David Icke claims to believe that Prince Philip is actually an integalactic reptile from Alpha Draconis bent on exterminating the human race - that doesn't make him any less absurd or his claims any less ridiculous.

      The simple fact is, as amply demonstrated by the responses to your comment, that your point about…

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  3. Toby James

    retired physicist

    Surely, the point is about surveys and the 97% claim - not where your graph starts.

    In real science, for instance physics, 97% consensus doesn't happen. I'm certain that at CERN 97% of the physicists working at the LHC would not put their hand up for the idea that the Standard Model of particle physics is THE explanation of elementary particle physics. The figure is probably closer to 50%!

    I doubt that 97% of Cardinals in the Vatican believe in the virgin birth.

    Its only climate advocates who wave that silly %age under rational peoples' noses, in the vain hope that it will render them irrational.

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    1. Mike Hansen

      Mr

      In reply to Toby James

      Another denier attempting to define "real" science i.e. a science where right-wing bloggers with no scientific qualifications or publications overturn climate science.

      Even on physics, Toby is wrong. From the CERN web site - a description of the scientific consensus around the Standard Model of particle physics.

      "The theories and discoveries of thousands of physicists over the past century have resulted in a remarkable insight into the fundamental structure of matter: everything in the universe…

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    2. Toby James

      retired physicist

      In reply to Mike Hansen

      "Even on physics, Toby is wrong. From the CERN web site . . ." Mike, I didn't get it wrong - read what I wrote. Oh, and CERN is not unfamiliar to me.

      " . . . it does not explain the complete picture."" Your quote on the SM. Which is another way of saying exactly what I wrote.

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    3. James Haughton

      Social Policy Researcher

      In reply to Toby James

      I'd like Toby James to defend his statement that "in real science, for example physics, 97% consensus doesn't happen" by finding 3% or more of living, published peer-review physicists who have written papers arguing any of the following:
      1) general relativity is false; or 2) Maxwell's equations do not accurately predict the behaviour of electromagnetic waves; or 3) Schrodinger's equation does not accurately predict the behaviour of an electron orbiting a hydrogen atom.

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    4. Toby James

      retired physicist

      In reply to James Haughton

      Over 30,000 scientists in the U.S. alone have put their names to the statement that AGW is rubbish. http://www.petitionproject.org/

      That seemingly throws into question the 97% claim of this article. What James would like is irrelevant

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    5. James Haughton

      Social Policy Researcher

      In reply to Toby James

      I would like Toby to substantiate his claim that "In real science, for instance physics, 97% consensus doesn't happen" by finding published, peer-reviewed papers written by more than 3% of published, living physicists arguing any of:
      1) General relativistic time dilation doesn't occur.
      2) Maxwell's equations don't accurately predict the behaviour of electromagnetic waves.
      3) Schrodinger's equation does not accurately represent the behaviour of an electron orbiting a hydrogen atom (or other atomic structure)

      Or perhaps Dr (I assume) James will concede that maybe there is consensus on some things in "real science", too.

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    6. James Haughton

      Social Policy Researcher

      In reply to Toby James

      The 97% refers to scientists who have published papers on climate science or related disciplines.

      It's not a matter of what I would like. You made some very strong claims about the beliefs and practices of physicists. As someone with a physics degree, I would like to know if there is no longer a consensus on general relativity, quantum mechanics, or electromagnetism.

      The "petition project" of the Oregon Institute of Science and Medicine (said institute, by the way, never existed before this…

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    7. Spiro Vlachos

      AL

      In reply to James Haughton

      "published papers on climate science or related disciplines" such as "Nature Climate Change", the prestigious journal publishing climate hysteria since 2007 and quoted in this article. What about mainstream science journals? If you believe in the predictions you should buy some futures contracts. Not even a socialist can say no to free money.

      http://www.intrade.com/v4/markets/contract/?contractId=715165

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    8. James Haughton

      Social Policy Researcher

      In reply to Spiro Vlachos

      "Nature Climate Change" is just the section of "Nature", possibly the most prestigious and mainstream journal in existence, which deals with climate change science. Just like "Nature Chemistry" does with chemistry, and "Nature Economics" would with Economics, if it were to exist. What's your point?

      On your rather repetitive offerings of intrade odds (you aren't Gerard Dean, using a search and replace to substitute "Intrade" for "JA1 Jet Fuel", by any chance?)

      1) I have ethical objections to…

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    9. Spiro Vlachos

      AL

      In reply to James Haughton

      55% chance of 0.1 degree warming over 10 years. Not a short term, but if it is not realised, can you really say there has been warming? Futures contracts are not gambling instruments, but are used as hedges of insurance against adverse outcomes. In the UK there is a market for pubs to purchase contracts that pay out if it rains, since revenue falls on rainy days. The probabilities are derived from the market for these instruments as those that sell may bear a cost if the event does not occur…

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    10. Michael Wilbur-Ham (MWH)

      Writer (ex telecommunications engineer)

      In reply to Spiro Vlachos

      I'm sure that lots of business which are now flooded thought that all they need to do to cope with the possibility of climate change is to take out insurance.

      For this storm the insurance will probably be paid.

      But it is very likely that insurance premiums will skyrocket, and at some stage I suspect that many insurance companies will no longer be willing to insure businesses and homes in areas of high risk.

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    11. James Haughton

      Social Policy Researcher

      In reply to Spiro Vlachos

      As I said, the anthropogenic warming trend requires significantly more than 10 years to unambiguously emerge from the noise. El Nino cycles and solar cycles are both much longer than 10 years.

      55% is "more likely than not", which I would agree with over such a short time period, but it could still be thrown by a La Nina towards the end of the period. There is a discussion of the time periods necessary for statistically significant warming to be demonstrated here: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki

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  4. Chris Harper

    Engineer

    “We can say people are convinced by the consensus but the big caveat is sceptics and climate change sceptics in particular are never going to be convinced by this,” he said. “They will say science doesn’t work by vote, it’s about facts.”
    “Realistically, though, most of those sceptics are of an older generation. We are never going to convince them but they will be disappearing from the political discourse soon.”

    This is a truly astonishing pair of paragraphs.

    In fact, the article itself is…

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    1. Mike Hansen

      Mr

      In reply to Chris Harper

      “They will say science doesn’t work by vote, it’s about facts.”

      Exactly. Which is what you say. But it completely misses the point. In every field of science there is a huge body of core knowledge which is no longer contentious and which has found its way into high school and university science text books precisely because there is general agreement in the scientific community that it is correct within the limitations of current understanding.

      Paleontologists do not redevelop the theory of…

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    2. Chris Harper

      Engineer

      In reply to Mike Hansen

      You said: “You are claiming that this "consensus" knowledge does not exist!”

      I have done no such thing. I am pointing out that arguing from consensus is contrary to the scientific method. There is no denial of any body of knowledge either implicit or explicit in that position.

      You said: “The problem you have is that despite all your hand waving about the science - your ideas come from right-wing blogs written by cranks.”

      Evidence? Would you care to name which blogs written by which cranks I have read? Do you know this because you were standing watching over my shoulder as I read them? Or is this some wild guess based on faith, not knowledge?

      My understanding of the philosophy of science and use of logic comes from competent teachers and wide reading over the decades. Ever read Popper?

      Please read what I wrote, and keep criticisms to that, not on what you would have liked me to have said, but didn't.

      Fewer insults would be appreciated.

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    3. Mike Hansen

      Mr

      In reply to Chris Harper

      Ever read Popper? Yes and also Thomas Kuhn's "The Structure of Scientific Revolutions"
      http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Kuhn

      Your point is?

      You keep repeating the strawman "arguing from consensus" because you are incapable of addressing the issue. There is no "argument from consensus" - rather a consensus exists based on the evidence.

      You disagree. Show me the evidence. You keep hand waving but as yet you fail that simple test.

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    4. Chris Harper

      Engineer

      In reply to Mike Hansen

      You said: “You keep repeating the strawman "arguing from consensus" because you are incapable of addressing the issue.”

      Um, the issue IS arguing from consensus. If you want to get p***ed off because I won’t follow you in your attempts to change the subject that is up to you.

      You said: “There is no "argument from consensus"

      Have you even read the article? The first paragraph? The headline even? I see no point in continuing discussion with someone who is in complete denial of reality. The discussion will go nowhere.

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  5. Spiro Vlachos

    AL

    Wow 'Nature Climate Change'. Publishing climate hysteria since the peak of hysteria in 2007. Just after the peak in the peak oil hysteria. Watch out next for the 'peak coal hysteria'. How about referring to a mainstream journal?

    Will Grant needs to realise that the way he uses the word sceptic is pejorative and offensive. It is not only the older generation that do not believe in climate hysteria. Once high school graduates and leavers awaken from the mental child abuse they have been subjected to, and develop some individual thought, they will realise that the forecasts and pronouncements from scientists that log their studies in journals that have only been around a few years, seem a bit ludicrous when in comparison with reality. As many of those in contact with such school leavers may well know.

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    1. Will J Grant

      Researcher / Lecturer, Australian National Centre for the Public Awareness of Science at Australian National University

      In reply to Spiro Vlachos

      Actually Spiro, sceptic is quite a positive term that many who reject the current scientific consensus on climate change quite happily apply to themselves.

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    2. Neil Gibson

      Retired Electronics Engineer

      In reply to Will J Grant

      Will and I finally agree one one point. I have no problem with the term skeptic as skepticism and an inquiring mind are the mark of the true scientist.
      "Skepticism is the highest of duties; blind faith the unpardonable sin." Huxley

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    3. Michael Wilbur-Ham (MWH)

      Writer (ex telecommunications engineer)

      In reply to Neil Gibson

      Those speaking against climate change like to call themselves 'skeptics' because it makes them appear to have an open mind.

      The reality is that these people are deniers. The reason they are deniers is that they have no interest in investigating the 'other side', and there is nothing which will change their mind.

      In fact it is the climate scientists who are the true skeptics because they continue to do experiments, take measurements, etc, and if some compelling evidence came along that did put into question climate change then they would be the first to start saying so (and perhaps win a Nobel prize for saying so).

      I've yet to see a denier change their mind as a result of the rebuttals from those who accept the science.

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    4. Spiro Vlachos

      AL

      In reply to Will J Grant

      I agree with your point, but not the assertion in the article that the consensus is a "fact" or that it is a consensus belief of a fact. The best the IPCC can do is come up with a 90% degree of certainty. There is nothing factual about this. If there is a consensus, then the consensus is that there is a probability of climate change occurring or being "anthropogenic". A 90% degree of certainty means nothing with regards to forecasting since with this degree of certainty you can "fit" a host of…

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    5. Michael Wilbur-Ham (MWH)

      Writer (ex telecommunications engineer)

      In reply to Spiro Vlachos

      So is Spiro advocating that we should do nothing to prevent climate change until the science can prove that it is 100% certain?

      If so, is there anything else where major decisions are made only when we have absolute certainty? Most of us have the common sense to not get on an aircraft that has a 90% chance of crashing, but perhaps Spiro is different.

      And if Spiro agrees that 90% degree of certainty is enough to ensure that significant action should be taken to prevent climate change, why is he bothering to argue in such a way that distracts from action.

      My guess is that Spiro knows perfectly well that his reasoning is nonsense, but as with many deniers, posts to distract from the real issues and to give the impression that climate change is in doubt.

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    6. Spiro Vlachos

      AL

      In reply to Michael Wilbur-Ham (MWH)

      Mr Ham, go and learn what a 90% degree of confidence is and then we can talk about probabilities. As the link I have provided shows, the fact that the consensus is based may very well be illusory. The DGP offered by the IPCC is not factual and forecasts more than one or two periods into the future are unreliable. The probability of the AGW is best realised by a futures markets. This one tells us that there is only a 55% chance of warming occurring from 2005 to 2014, by 0.1 degree or more:

      http://www.intrade.com/v4/markets/contract/?contractId=715165

      This one tells us that there is a 5% chance of 2012 being among the five warmest (very liquid):

      http://www.intrade.com/v4/markets/contract/?contractId=706205

      This one tells us that there is only 38% chance that 2019 will be 0.2 degrees warmer than 2009.

      http://www.intrade.com/v4/markets/contract/?contractId=707800

      No need to huff and puff. It seems like the hysteria has peaked.

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    7. Michael Wilbur-Ham (MWH)

      Writer (ex telecommunications engineer)

      In reply to Spiro Vlachos

      "The probability of the AGW is best realised by a futures markets."

      So how well did the future markets do predicting the GFC?

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    8. Spiro Vlachos

      AL

      In reply to Michael Wilbur-Ham (MWH)

      They did quite well. That is, unless you didn't understand or heed the signs and sell.

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    9. Michael Wilbur-Ham (MWH)

      Writer (ex telecommunications engineer)

      In reply to James Haughton

      If he said that he supports neoliberal economics this is something that I would agree to disagree with him on.

      My values include quality of life issues for everyone, the environment, and other 'externalities'. His values are pure economic. So with such a difference in values further discussion has little point.

      But judging scientific issues based on markets is pure lunacy. This is not a difference in values, it is a difference between rationality and blind belief. Once again further discussion with him is unlikely to achieve anything.

      Since Stern we have known that the economic cost of preventing climate change is much less than the cost of dealing with the impacts of climate change. One would think that the massive economic cost of Sandy will be enough for even those worried most about the economy to realise that things need to change.

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    10. Spiro Vlachos

      AL

      In reply to James Haughton

      "a neoliberal economist"?

      Labels from the socialist fringe?

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    11. James Haughton

      Social Policy Researcher

      In reply to Spiro Vlachos

      Alright, sorry, I withdraw and apologise, that was catty of me. Thankyou mod.

      I have no particular objection to being thought of as on the socialist fringe; my economic beliefs are post-Keynesian/market socialist, and this puts me on the fringe, whether I like it or not.

      Nevertheless, I really can't understand the logic behind valuing short-term prediction markets over scientific papers. I know all about the wisdom of crowds, hayekian information-market-integration stuff, but markets and crowds can be spooked as easily as they can be right - "the market can remain irrational longer than you can remain solvent", as the man said.

      Furthermore, the periods you are offering odds over are just too short for the anthropogenic signal to emerge from weather/climate noise. To detect a statistically significant climate trend you need on the order of 20 years, 30 for preference.

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    12. Tim Scanlon

      Debunker

      In reply to Neil Gibson

      Skepticism accepts evidence though (true evidence that is).

      A "climate skeptic" isn't skeptical at all, as they are ignoring the overwhelming amounts of evidence, data and the many fields they are coming from. That is called denial.

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    13. Dave McRae

      logged in via Twitter

      In reply to Spiro Vlachos

      Cheerypicking to make stuff up - I can do this too - and like you I can't publish a paper but unlike you, I respect those that can.

      Global Temperature Anomaly for Oct 2012 to be greater than 0.45 Degrees C (over 30year average)
      http://www.intrade.com/v4/markets/contract/?contractId=757513
      98.5%

      Global Temperature Anomaly for Nov 2012 to be greater than 0.45 Degrees C
      http://www.intrade.com/v4/markets/contract/?contractId=757514
      90.1%

      Global Temperature Anomaly for Dec 2012 to be greater…

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    14. Spiro Vlachos

      AL

      In reply to Dave McRae

      OK, no worries Dave. Above I was told that I should not look at short term movements in temperature, but I will not worry you about that.

      Remember though, that being greater than some threshold anomaly does not necessarily mean that the earth is warming, but I shall not worry you too much about that one.

      In any market, the price is dependent on the buy-sell spread which typically means that participants usually respond to offers. No offers means no certainty, which is precisely my point…

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    15. Gerard Dean

      Managing Director

      In reply to Michael Wilbur-Ham (MWH)

      Just as I have yet to see a passionate believer in climate change CHOOSE to stop flying to Europe for a holiday because they know it burns fossil JetA1 fuel.

      Perhaps I am wrong, perhaps you have forgone the pleasure of being pushed back into an A380 seat by the raw fossil power of JetA1 fuel in order to save the world.

      If you have deliberately chosen not to fly to save the planet, I salute you.

      But if you do choose to fly....... then that is an entirely different matter.

      Gerard Dean

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  6. Chris Harper

    Engineer

    You refer to people having 'faith' in science.

    Again, faith and science are diametrically opposed concepts. Faith is belief in the absence of evidence, and is the opposite of skepticism. Science is knowledge based on evidence, and incorporates educated skepticism as a core tool.

    'Faith in science' is an oxymoron.

    This is, intellectually, an extremely shoddy article.

    Be safe, enjoy the inter-glacial and stay skeptical.

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    1. Mike Hansen

      Mr

      In reply to Chris Harper

      The fact that all you can do is indulge in some disingenuous word-parsing indicates the paucity of your argument.

      I have "faith in science" as opposed to inspecting chicken's entrails, reading climate denier blogs or other such woo precisely because science is based on evidence. The scientific method is an effective way of weeding out nonsense - which is why deniers have great difficulty in pointing to any peer-reviewed science to support their anti-science views.

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    2. Chris Harper

      Engineer

      In reply to Mike Hansen

      "The fact that all you can do is indulge in some disingenuous word-parsing indicates the paucity of your argument."

      Would you like to demonstrate where I am mistaken using argument rather than insult?

      The use of 'consensus' is two logical fallacies, both an appeal to authority and an appeal to the majority. Not only does neither have a role in science, but their use is contrary to the scientific method.

      The appeal to consensus, in itself, demonstrates an inability to argue the facts, and…

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    3. Mike Hansen

      Mr

      In reply to Chris Harper

      More word parsing.

      Sunanda's use of the term "faith in science" was an expression of support for the scientific method. As was mine.

      You set up a straw man to knock it down because you lack any better argument.

      There is no appeal to consensus - there is a statement of a fact - that a consensus exists. You disagree - prove it.

      There is overwhelming agreement among the world's scientific community based are multiple lines of evidence that the science of AGW is correct. And that consensus exists because of the thousands of peer reviewed journal articles backed by evidence that climate change is happening and it is caused by burning of fossil fuels.

      You disagree. Show me the science. Show me the peer reviewed science. Stop the hand waving.

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    4. Chris Harper

      Engineer

      In reply to Mike Hansen

      You said: “There is no appeal to consensus - there is a statement of a fact - that a consensus exists. You disagree - prove it”
      Seriously? The whole article is all about appeal to consensus. At least read the headline, which accurately reflects the body of the article. The first paragraph is pretty indicative too.
      There is unquestionably such an appeal. Sorry, but your statement is contrary to the observed facts.
      As to whether a consensus exists, I have not said a single word denying it. What…

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    5. James Haughton

      Social Policy Researcher

      In reply to Chris Harper

      This article doesn't "argue from consensus". Nowhere in the article does it say "everyone agrees, therefore it is true". What it says is that public opinion is shifted by being aware of the existence of a consensus. You can argue that the public shouldn't be shifted in their opinion by the existence of a consensus, but that is a different argument.

      "As for your faith in science, good for you. I have no such faith." - Do you believe in homeopathy, then? Or alternatively, do you refuse all medical treatments until you have thoroughly understood the science behind each and every one of them? I hope you never get cancer, in that case.

      "I have respect for the ability of those who utilise the scientific method to wrinkle out the truth" - well, 97% of those people with ability have concluded climate change is anthropogenic. This "consensus" is not a stand alone social construct but evidence of convergence to a discovered and verifiable fact. Why do you have difficulty grasping this?

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    6. Eric Glare

      HIV public speaker and volunteer

      In reply to Chris Harper

      Faith 1. trust or confidence in someone or something.

      This is one common meaning of faith that has nothing to do with degree of evidence and therefore is compatable with scepticism and science

      Don't argue against the dictionary.

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    7. Osk Archer

      Chemist/Maltster

      In reply to Mike Hansen

      From Chris Harper: "SIgh, [sic]

      I said nothing about the validity of the claims of AGW, or about the existence or otherwise of the ‘consensus’, but if you insist on dragging that in to the discussion, gimme an hour or so..."

      Well it's been six months... Plenty of time for gathering a few links to published references by relevant scientists disputing AGW... *If they existed*.

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  7. Gerard Dean

    Managing Director

    So, Professor Lewandowsky claims that, " 97% of publishing climate scientists agree that global warming is a direct consequence of the burning of fossil fuels by humans."

    It appears that these scientists, Professor Lewandowsky amongst them, also choose to fly in the full knowledge that in doing so, they are burning irreplaceable fossil fuel derived JetA1 fuel?

    Perhaps Professor Lewandowsky can explain the ethical justification for telling me not to burn fossil fuel in the pursuit of my business, while he continues to burn fossil fuel in the pursuit of his.

    I don't like people telling me not to do something, then watching them do the thing they forbid me.

    There is a word for that form of behaviour.

    Gerard Dean

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    1. Les McNamara

      Researcher

      In reply to Gerard Dean

      Where did he tell you not to burn fossil fuel in the pursuit of your business?

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    2. Gerard Dean

      Managing Director

      In reply to Les McNamara

      Mr McNamara

      The statement itself predicates the outcome that Professor Lewandowsky and the 97% of scientists want; they want the governments of the world to stop climate change by stopping the burning of fossil fuels.

      The only problem is that almost all of the scientists and climate change 'enthusiasts' such as your Lewandowsky's, your Steffan's, your Flannery's, your Karoly's, your Gergis', your Hansen's, your Gore's choose, and I stress, CHOOSE to burn JetA1 fuel to go about their business of telling me NOT to burn JetA1 fuel.

      Putting it more simply:

      If you CHOOSE to believe in climate change and the need to stop burning fossil fuels, then you CHOOSE to fly to Europe for a holiday or academic conference and in doing so, burn fossil based JetA1 fuel, then you have CHOSEN to be a card carrying hypocrite.

      What is your choice, Mr McNamara?

      Gerard Dean

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    3. James Haughton

      Social Policy Researcher

      In reply to Gerard Dean

      If The Conversation bought a parrot, and trained it to say "JA1 Jet Fuel! Hypocrite!", it would be more constructive than Gerard Dean, because it would be more succinct. We could then train it to answer itself by saying "Offsets!" which is more learning than Gerard appears capable of.

      Hey Gerard. I want my business to make a profit. In order to make a profit, I took out a loan from the bank to buy equipment. That means that this year, even though I said I want to make a profit, I actually made a LOSS, because I went in hock to the bank. Am I a rolled-gold, card carrying hypocrite?

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    4. Les McNamara

      Researcher

      In reply to Gerard Dean

      I'm only interested in the research findings. I'll leave the tu quoque arguments to others.

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    5. Gerard Dean

      Managing Director

      In reply to James Haughton

      Mr Haughton,

      You asked, 'Am I a rolled-gold, card carrying hypocrite." The answer is entirely up to you Sir.

      If you passionately believe that the worlds governments should act to cut and eventually stop us burning fossil fuels to reduce climate change, and then you CHOOSE to burn fossil based JetA1 fuel to fly to Europe or Asia or America for a holiday, you have answered your own question.

      So, are you going to commit to staying in Australia until viable, renewable jet fuels are available…

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  8. Marc Hendrickx

    Geologist

    Judy Curry has an insightful article on the so called consensus that puts the propaganda of Lewandowsky and Co in its place (link below). It's is a continued disappointment that the editors here choose to ignore Curry's expertise in favour of pushing what can only be described as cargo cult science.

    Climate change: no consensus on consensus
    http://judithcurry.com/2012/10/28/climate-change-no-consensus-on-consensus/#more-10322
    by Judith Curry

    "The manufactured consensus of the IPCC has had…

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    1. Marc Hendrickx

      Geologist

      In reply to Marc Hendrickx

      Abstract of Curry's paper reads...
      "This essay explores the history and consequences of the scientific consensus building activities by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) on the topic of dangerous anthropogenic climate change. A broad view of consensus is provided in the context of the philosophy of science and the social and psychological issues that contribute to bias. The role of scientific consensus in policy making is discussed. An overview is provided of critiques of the IPCC consensus process. A summary of recommendations is provided aimed at improving the interface between climate science and policy in ways that can support decision making associated with the growing implications of the “messy wickedness” of the climate change problem. "

      The bias of The Con's editors clearly evident in their coverage of all things climate.

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    2. Marc Hendrickx

      Geologist

      In reply to Marc Hendrickx

      Conclusion reads...
      "Conclusions

      The climate community has worked for more than 20 years to establish a scientific consensus on anthropogenic climate change. The IPCC consensus building process arguably played a useful role in the early synthesis of the scientific knowledge and in building political will to act. We have presented perspectives from multiple disciplines that support the inference that the scientific consensus seeking process used by the IPCC has had the unintended consequence…

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    3. Tim Scanlon

      Debunker

      In reply to Marc Hendrickx

      Curry's paper fails the BS sniff test right off the bat. First of all it hasn't been published yet, which means that Curry's article isn't comparable to Stephen's papers, which have either been published online or have been accepted and are in advanced press.

      Secondly, Curry is essentially using circular reasoning, by stating that the IPCC were building a consensus and that they then built a consensus. The IPCC were a review panel, they reviewed the scientific literature. They didn't form a consensus, they reviewed the literature, the consensus came from the weight of evidence from multiple lines of enquiry. So her essay just completely fails.

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    4. In reply to Tim Scanlon

      Comment removed by moderator.

  9. James Jenkin

    EFL Teacher Trainer

    I'm a bit uncomfortable with Professor Lewandowsky's frequent referrals to 'political and vested interests'.

    It's an accusation. It's suggesting people who hold a particular viewpoint are corrupt. Lewandowsky needs to provide evidence.

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    1. Chris Harper

      Engineer

      In reply to James Jenkin

      James,

      The use of this term is a smear tactic. It has no academic value, but, like gratuitous use of terms like Heartland Institute, Koch bothers, big oil, deniers et al, it is designed as an emotive attack utilised for political purpose.

      That Lewandowsky uses terms of this type constantly is evidence of his lack of objectivity in his work.

      There seem to be people who, so long as they pepper their speech with the word 'science', feel no obligation to actually adhere to the practices the word implies.

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    2. Michael Wilbur-Ham (MWH)

      Writer (ex telecommunications engineer)

      In reply to Neil Gibson

      "Both sides"? There is one coherent argument presented by the scientific community, but what other side?

      Whilst it is easy to point to summaries which present the scientific and economic consensus (IPCC, Stern, Garnaut) I've yet to hear of a source which presents a coherent and consistent view against climate change which is supported by the majority of deniers.

      I've yet to read a coherent argument from even one climate change denier. And after all, it only takes one person to put up some very good reasons for genuine skeptics (which includes most scientists) to change their minds.

      In another thread I've challenged Neil many times to explain why he thinks the vast majority of climate change scientist have got this all wrong. Are they ALL completely stupid? Is this a big conspiracy which has held true in EVERY country for the last 20 years? Why are noted economists (Stern, Garnaut, etc) also on board - incompetence or conspiracy?

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    3. James Haughton

      Social Policy Researcher

      In reply to Chris Harper

      Do you deny that the Heartland Institute, the Koch brothers, and "big oil" have funded many different attempts to dispute and confuse the science of global warming? It's pretty well documented.

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    4. Chris Harper

      Engineer

      In reply to James Haughton

      "Do you deny that the Heartland Institute, the Koch brothers, and "big oil" have funded many different attempts to dispute and confuse the science of global warming?

      Do I deny they dispute ‘the science’? If by that you mean do they help examine the claims of the IPCC? Sure they have contributed a little? Good for them, open debate is something any scientist should welcome. Do I deny they ‘confuse the science’? Absolutely. Yes. I do deny precisely that. Without any question whatsoever.

      Stimulating…

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    5. James Haughton

      Social Policy Researcher

      In reply to Chris Harper

      For there to be "stimulating scientific debate", as opposed to propogandistic attempts to blur and confuse the issue, certain ground rules are required. These include, for example, accepting a broader framework of established facts, such as the conservation of energy, the laws of thermodynamics, and the chemical behaviour of CO2 atoms, and a certain level of civilised behaviour. As a rule, they don't include invoking the Unabomber, comparing one's debate opponent to Jerry Sandusky, claiming that…

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    6. Michael Wilbur-Ham (MWH)

      Writer (ex telecommunications engineer)

      In reply to Chris Harper

      I have yet to find any climate change denier who has any interest in determining the truth.

      I have yet to find any source that presents a coherent scientific and world view that casts reasonable doubt on the scientific consensus.

      And unless someone comes up with a good reason for genuinely questioning the science, the fact is that it is not the science of climate change which is contentious, but the acceptance of this science by those who, for many different reasons, cannot look at the evidence rationally and so deny the science.

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    7. Eric Glare

      HIV public speaker and volunteer

      In reply to James Jenkin

      James the basis of the scientific method is to take into account, to minimise, to eliminate as far as possible the influence of personal and institutional bias by applying objectivity, repeatability, consensus, etc

      To think there wouldn't be political and vested interests in climate change science is extremely niave.

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    8. James Haughton

      Social Policy Researcher

      In reply to Chris Harper

      So you agree that everyone would be better off if they withdrew from the debate entirely, then? Since that's what I want, because I believe they are distorting the science, and that's what you want, because you think they give me a free bogeyman?

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    9. Chris Harper

      Engineer

      In reply to James Haughton

      You said: "do you really believe that the financial resources of Big Oil and the Koch Brothers are "tiny"?"

      No, nor did I say or imply that they were. However, in terms of this discussion their financial contribution is tiny. Peanuts. So small that it is nigh irrelevant. If either, or both, were to disappear tomorrow no one would notice.

      Besides, it is not as if 'big oil' are arguing against AGW, there is loadsa money in government subsidies provided they toe the line. Claims that the oil industry help finance dissenting voices is so far from reality that the claim is a joke.

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    10. James Haughton

      Social Policy Researcher

      In reply to Chris Harper

      You write "Claims that the oil industry help finance dissenting voices is so far from reality that the claim is a joke". Earlier you agreed that "Sure they had contributed a little". What has changed your mind?

      The Royal Society wrote to Exxon Mobil to ask them to stop funding groups and people who "misrepresented the science of climate change by outright denial of the evidence":
      http://www.guardian.co.uk/environment/2006/sep/20/oilandpetrol.business

      Do you believe that the Royal Society…

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    11. Tim Niven

      Tim Niven is a Friend of The Conversation.

      IT Manager at KJ Risk Group Pty Ltd

      In reply to James Jenkin

      There's plenty of documentary evidence, James. In fact the quoted mention of 'manufacture of doubt' is iteself a reference to the propaganda ("PR" more politely, but I don't grant that term) strategy - their term. This was covered at length in Oreskes' & Conway's Merchants of Doubt. Probably challenging stuff if you're a free market fundamentalist - but worth a read. Even more interesting is the Uni of California San Fran library of tobacco industry propaganda documents - internal documents - which the tobacco industry was forced to publish when they were convicted of a criminal conspiracy to mislead their consumers as to the nature of their product (http://www.library.ucsf.edu/tobacco). It's striking to see such an obvious carbon copy (no pun intended) of this strategy in other areas of "manufacturing doubt" in science. Unfortunately that took five or so decades so we might be looking at a similar timeframe before the fossil fuel industry is similarly brought to account.

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  10. Geoffrey Henley

    Research Associate

    Lewandowsky's research in this area is bordering on the farcical. His supposedly soon to be released paper linking sceptics to those who believe that the moon-landing was faked is without a doubt one of the worst studies that I have ever had the misfortune to lay my eyes upon. Almost anybody with a minimal knowledge of statistics knows that voluntary online surveys are statistically invalid. Most of Lewnadowsky's conclusions aren't even supported by his own data. Pure junk science!

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    1. Tim Scanlon

      Debunker

      In reply to Peter Lang

      You reference Curry's, as yet, unpublished paper, which uses circular reasoning as the basis of its analysis. This paper fails before it even starts.

      Then it fails again, as it tries to state that a scientific review panel wasn't meant to review the science. Curry tries to imply that a review panel was doing research, which they quite clearly were not doing, they were reviewing the weight of scientific evidence.

      Best to stop reading Anthony Watts' blog, he is becoming more and more embarrassing.

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  11. Geoffrey Henley

    Research Associate

    The oft-repeated 97% figure is, of course, pure fabrication. There exists no statistically valid research that substantiates this figure. The oft-cited Doran et.al. and Anderegg studies have serious limitations and the methodology used by both cannot be used to provide any meaningful estimate of the percentage of 'climate' scientists who adopt a particular position regarding the influence of human carbon-based emissions on the global climate.

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    1. Tim Scanlon

      Debunker

      In reply to Geoffrey Henley

      Two of about half a dozen studies that have come up with roughly the same figure. So calling it pure fabrication is to dismiss not just two studies but several.

      Plus, the vast weight of climate science and supporting science have been published showing man made climate change. It has only been after the discussion reached the public arena that denial papers started to emerge, and as can be seen from Doug Cotton's paper below, they are not usually of a high standard, nor accepted in proper journals.

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  12. Climate Change Fraud

    logged in via Facebook

    Many readers will be surprised by a new and very comprehensive paper published here http://principia-scientific.org/publications/Absence_Measureable_Greenhouse_Effect.pdf

    In it, Joseph Postma discusses on pp 47 to 49 my own paper (published 12 March 2012 ) "Radiated Energy and the Second Law of Thermodynamics" and Postma includes a page-long quote of a summary I wrote.

    Radiation from a cooler atmosphere is scattered when it strikes a warmer area of the Earth's surface and, much like reflected…

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    1. Climate Change Fraud

      logged in via Facebook

      In reply to James Haughton

       

      The only trouble is, James, you quoted the SkS comments on a Postma paper published 16 months before the current one which I linked. I suspect you have not read it, nor my own peer-reviewed paper* cited therein, nor Prof Claes Johnson's "Computational Blackbody Radiation."

      Whilst several posts on the new paper have appeared on SkS, they have been promptly deleted, apparently for no other reason than that they have no valid scientific response. Nor have you, James, to such things as Sections 1 to 5 in my "Radiated Energy and the Second Law of Thermodynamics" or the page or so I wrote in Postma's paper - quoted pp 47-8 and commented upon on p.49. Maths and Science may change my views, but words will never sway me.

      * http://principia-scientific.org/publications/psi_radiated_energy.pdf
       

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    2. James Haughton

      Social Policy Researcher

      In reply to Climate Change Fraud

      Mr Cotton. Your claim that "Maths and Science may change my views, but words will never sway me" is very odd, because your 14 page paper contains not one equation.
      Furthermore, your paper contradicts itself, right in the abstract. You say "This law must apply (on a macro scale) between any two points at any particular time. An apparent violation cannot be excused on the basis of "net" radiation". But "net radiation" is what the macro scale is all about. On the micro, or rather quantum scale, there…

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    3. Tim Scanlon

      Debunker

      In reply to Climate Change Fraud

      Wow, just wow. If I was small minded I'd dismiss the paper completely just based upon where and who published it (John Sullivan has the integrity and scientific nouse of the cast of Jersey Shore).

      But I did actually read through the paper and was just astounded at the errors that are made at every step. My favourite is the chapter titled "The Sun Heats the Earth?" Really? It's great that they want to throw out the concept of the greenhouse effect, but you kinda have to explain how the planet doesn't freeze at night, how we have climate, how we have weather, etc, etc, etc.

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    4. Chris O'Neill

      Telecommunications Engineer

      In reply to Climate Change Fraud

      I expect that, in line with our community standards, all posts from "Climate Change Fraud" will be removed because "fraud" is an insult to the integrity of climate scientists.

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    5. Climate Change Fraud

      logged in via Facebook

      In reply to Tim Scanlon

       

      To all: 

      I write with a background in Physics dating since about 1960. The reason that backradiation does not cause the so-called greenhouse effect is based on now-proven physics that radiation from a cooler source resonates and gets immediately re-radiated when it strikes a warmer target. It does not and cannot transfer heat to that target. All it can and does do is slow the radiative component of that target's rate of cooling.

      But far more energy transfers from the Earth's surface…

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    6. Tim Scanlon

      Debunker

      In reply to Climate Change Fraud

      Doug Cotton, weren't you banned from posting here?

      Either way, your physics hasn't improved any. You've completely missed out excitation phases of energy transfer, radiative wavelengths associated with molecules and wave and particle nature of the energy spectrum. Under your proposal we wouldn't have a blue sky, there wouldn't be observable colours, the transfer of heat would have us freeze overnight.

      The next point is, the link between carbon dioxide, the greenhouse effect (many gases involved…

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    7. Chris O'Neill

      Telecommunications Engineer

      In reply to Chris O'Neill

      Clearly "The Conversation" runs a set of double standards in relation to comments. Those who don't like the consequences of the science can defame climate scientists with impunity. Responses to this defamation which are mildly offensive, though accurate, get deleted.

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  13. Peter Miesler

    carpenter and handy man

    For what it's worth as most of you know Judith Curry has been advertising a "paper" she's had published "Climate change: no consensus on consensus" You can find out about it at her website the October 28, 2012 post.

    In any event, I've done a paragraph by paragraph review. I'm no scholar, but her tactics are quite obvious and easy to point out. I'm hoping it might aid someone else's study of denialism in action.

    Dr. Curry's "Climate change: no consensus on consensus" - challenged
    http://whatsupwiththatwatts.blogspot.com/2012/10/dr-currys-climate-change-no-consensus.html

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    1. Tim Scanlon

      Debunker

      In reply to Peter Miesler

      Her entire paper is just circular reasoning, hence the paper is just one great big logical fallacy. She completely rewrites history as well, since the IPCC was a review panel that was set up to review the literature.

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