Forestry company Gunns has been entered into voluntary administration after posting a $904 million loss today.
Tough economic conditions, including a high Australian dollar and falling woodchip prices, have had a significant impact on the debt-laden company, which once wielded crucial economic and political clout in Tasmania.
Dr Fred Gale, Senior Lecturer at the University of Tasmania, shares his thoughts on the fallen — and controversial — woodchipping titan.
How did Gunns get to this point?
I guess there’s the immediate issue that Gunns has been wrestling with this year, which is to come out of the global financial crisis and reposition itself as a plantation-based timber company. This is in the context in which its markets have dried up primarily in Japan as a consequence of shifting preferences there for plantation and forest stewardship council-certified timber, along with the high Australian dollar, which is seriously affecting its trading conditions.
So it’s basically been trying to restructure amid declining competitiveness, and that has been exacerbated by a very heavy debt load that it has had from about 2007 onwards, when it started a series of acquisitions at a very bad time. It has experienced a kind of perfect storm as a company, and eventually the banks that have been supporting it for the last six months realised that its financial position was not going to improve in the foreseeable future, and it would continue with a very high debt load. In addition, its asset base was rapidly eroding, so they pulled the plug.
Does this spell the end for the woodchipping industry or plantation-based manufacturing in Tasmania?
It certainly doesn’t end woodchipping generally. Australia has a very large and robust plantation woodchip industry, which is continuing to export woodchips to Asian markets. But that industry is experiencing a real cost crisis at the moment. In the short term, that’s going to continue because we have low cost chips coming from Vietnam and other countries, and in the context of a high Australian dollar, competitiveness is an issue. That’s certainly the case in Tasmania.
How integral is the woodchipping industry to the Tasmanian economy?
Well, it has been integral to the Tasmanian economy, but in the last two or three years there has been a significant restructuring of the Tasmanian economy. The woodchip industry has basically collapsed.
There’s an opportunity, I guess, through the intergovernmental agreement and the talks that are going on here between industry and environmental NGOS and labour unions, to seize this opportunity to resolve the conflict and position the chip industry for eventual recovery. Whether that opportunity is seized or not remains to be seen.
Lastly, what does the future hold for Gunns? Is this it, or is it likely that ‘white knight’ investor will come to its aid and inject some much-needed equity?
No, this is it — it’s gone. It has been, frankly, on life support for the last six months. It has been kept alive by the banks. There has been a management liquidation of assets to try and pay down debts, while keeping the hope alive that there would be a white knight that would come along and rescue the company. But the trading conditions are just so poor for companies like Gunns that it would be quite a foolish white knight who would come along. That hasn’t happened.
One of the reasons why that hasn’t happened is because Gunns has a brand-image problem. Its approach to getting the pulp mill approved and the controversies around that seriously tarnished its image. Its basic lack of a social licence to construct the pulp mill was what deterred the Richard Chandler Corporation back in March this year from investing in it. When they pulled out, they signalled to the rest of the white knight investment community that there were at issues around this project that warranted caution.
Peter Ormonde
Peter Ormonde is a Friend of The Conversation.
Farmer
I wonder if the last dinosaurs roared in anger or wimpered as they drew their last gasp.
Climate change isn't just about the weather. The political climate for Gunns had been shifting for decades and they ignored it - denied it- assumed because they were big and powerful in a small puddle that they could just win.
That approach is, in the final analysis, what has dispatched Gunn's to the tar pit of history - that drove away any chance of rescue. Old, obsolete ideas and a refusal to accept the realities of a changed political, social and economic climate.
And, despite the obvious costs in jobs and financial flows to the Tasmanian Government, I say good riddance. Let's move on. No tears need be shed.
Alan John Hunter
Retired
I agree 100% Peter, and those arrogant mining giants should take notice as they could easily suffer the same fate.
Kim Bulwinkel
Kim Bulwinkel is a Friend of The Conversation.
Forcably retired!
I also agree with you Peter from the added perspective that I was an investor in Gunn's 10 years ago but shed all of my interests about 7 years ago because of the direction I could see things going. The really sad thing is that the 500,000 odd people who live in Tasmania need work, need a sustainable income and viable businesses to generate the tax revenue etc. to sustain the expected lifestyles & services. I know Tasmania well - a beautiful gem in the Australian crown. .... There is one problem. Tasmania inc. probably only responsibly & sustainably generates enough income to support a population of about 200,000 [a wild guess!!] productive [not retired] people.
Peter Ormonde
Peter Ormonde is a Friend of The Conversation.
Farmer
G'day Kim,
Yes I think a lot of smaller - and larger - investors have walked away in the last decade ... had a better sense of smell than the Gunns management.
You're also right about Tasmania's economic malaise - the biggest export is its best and brightest young people. If anywhere needed a serious medium term strategy to shift away from resource based low skilled jobs to something more sustainable and productive it is Tasmania.
Lots of wind down there. And with the Murray Darling ripping up orchards and vineyards there's some scope there too. Needs serious thinking and a much better class of politician and politics. Hopefully the death throes of Gunns will be an opportunity to do some deep thinking and planning for the future. Lots of lessons to be learned.
Phil Dolan
Viticulturist
Tasmania has been given the honour of being the second best place in the world after China to invest in the wine industry. Gunns sold their vineyards to concentrate on woodchips.
Peter Ormonde
Peter Ormonde is a Friend of The Conversation.
Farmer
Why don't we have laws to gaol managers and directors who drive a business into the ground on principle. I'll bet these fellas even got bonuses for doing so.
Clive A Marks
logged in via email @attglobal.net
Richard Flanagan had a rather interesting take on it:
"The story of Gunns is a parable of corporate hubris. You can, as they did, corrupt the polity, cow the media, poison public life and seek to persecute those who disagree with you. You can rape the land, exterminate protected species, exploit your workers and you can even poison your neighbours. But the naked pursuit of greed at all costs will in the end destroy your public legitimacy and thus ensure your doom. Gunns was a rogue corporation and its death was a chronicle long ago foretold. The sadness is in the immense damage they have done to Tasmania—its people, its wildlands, and its economy."
You hear a lot about 'perfect storms' these days; must be something to do with climate change... ; )
Graham Young
Project Manager
You can fool some of the people some of the time...
Gunns, finally went too far.
Of course the people who suffer most will be the employees and small shareholders. But these are the same results when big corporations move offshore, or are 'restructured' or simply bought up and gutted like old cars; as has been the case with many Australian manufacturers and service industries, with little concern for those at the bottom of the corporate pyramid. I never understood why forestry, until recently, was given special consideration by governments - thinking here of John Howard's speech to forestry workers.
Tasmania's old growth forest may have a chance to recover. Now what about the rest of the world's forests? There remain plenty of industries with the same level of morality as Gunns.
Phil Dolan
Viticulturist
Nobody is surprised. Callers to local radio are blaming the Greens but that's like shooting the messenger. Look at the board, rather the board that was told to go. Robin Gray almost drove the entire state into bankruptcy when he was premier so a mere company wasn't hard to destroy, even though they had the government changing laws for them and people investing purely for the sake of tax minimisation. If the pulp mill had gone ahead it would have been a black hole for taxpayers money.
alfred venison
records manager (public sector)
bob brown must be feeling some quiet satisfaction today (i know i am) as this news breaks that the "people" ("corporations are people my friend") who/which tried to financially cripple him through court action, so as to silence his voice in the senate, have been vanquished. its a good day. -a.v.
Kim Bulwinkel
Kim Bulwinkel is a Friend of The Conversation.
Forcably retired!
Whilst not unhappy with what has happened, this "win" has consequences. Tasmania Inc. is living way beyond its means and has been for some time. This industry demise & this companies demise leaves a huge income hole for the state. One of the people services dear to my heart, health services, are struggling severely because of income issues. This is just a small window looking into the problem that Tasmania faces. Income into the state has to come from somewhere. quickly. sustainably. and sufficiently…
Read morePeter Ormonde
Peter Ormonde is a Friend of The Conversation.
Farmer
This is how a recovering economist would look at it Kim:
Tasmania has a few comparative advantages - over the rest of the Australia and globally. Clean - that's the big one.
So high value food production... cool climate stuff into the rest of Australia and niche market product into Europe and the USA and Japan - off season. Top end of the market only. Not high volume. That includes wine.
Same with fisheries and mariculture of Tuna in particular - straight to Japan and China. Very…
Read moreKim Bulwinkel
Kim Bulwinkel is a Friend of The Conversation.
Forcably retired!
I agree entirely with your thoughts and sentiments Peter. However, my pragmatic streak ponders the tyrannies of distance and the uncompetitive cost of Australian labour, even at its 'productive best'!
Alan John Hunter
Retired
It always amuses me, when people go on about "high cost of labour", there is not one country in the world with low wages and a general level of prosperity, not one.
Read moreYou can have a wealthy elite and the vast majority living in poverty, i.e. India,but to have most of the population enjoying a decent standard of living you have to have good wages, realistic taxation and good governance.
Low wages are the path to corruption, nepotism and poverty.
As an Orthopaedic Surgeon do you think you would enjoy…
Peter Ormonde
Peter Ormonde is a Friend of The Conversation.
Farmer
I'm not sure that Kim is suggesting that Alan. I hope not anyway.
You're dead right of course - there are good things that happen as a result of higher wages - not the least is the spur to innovation and capital investment, not to mention a generalised higher living standard.
One of the most useful criteria for analysing an economy is the disparity between the rich and the poor - the level of inequality. On that basis the US - or at least certain States - should be considered part of the…
Read morePhil Dolan
Viticulturist
Tasmania does in fact have lower wages than the mainland. Saul Eslake did a good article on that some time ago but argued that even though we have lower wages, the lifestyle is higher. All to do with neighbours helping each other out.
Peter Ormonde
Peter Ormonde is a Friend of The Conversation.
Farmer
I would imagine it would have Phil looking at the industries and the way we do not value physical work. Low-skilled, lower paid and far from stable. Doesn't have to be that way though does it?
It's pretty much the same story here in my neighborhood - not much work - certainly very very little skilled work - and not much future for smart kids with an education. They all go away. And yes the whole place only hangs together by folks helping each other, a curious microeconomy of swapping, dealing and bartering.
Kim Bulwinkel
Kim Bulwinkel is a Friend of The Conversation.
Forcably retired!
Thanks Alan for the "personal attack" and misreading of my comments - makes me feel at home 'on-line' as well. I should obviously hide under an anonymous name & title so as not to evoke vindictive perceptions. I am rather proud of my professional standing having come from very humble roots .. oh well.
In the big picture - i.e. the world stage, we all have to be able to gain and deserve an income from our skills or our endeavours whether it be monetary or 'in kind'.
Read moreThat income will come from…
Alan John Hunter
Retired
I must apologise for misunderstanding your comment, and responding in that manner.
I stand by my comment however, if not in relation to your post.
Sean Lamb
Science Denier
A sad day for Tasmania and the communities dependent on Gunns as the other commenters said - oh wait, they didn't. Never mind.
It says something about the vicious streak in the Greens, the unreflective holier than thou trait endemic to the Liberal Totalitarian, that when Gunns was obviously sinking then any attempts to find a partner with capital such as Chandlers, the Greens would immediately start a campaign the try and discourage anyone and to assert it would be a terrible investment.
Oh well, I guess all those timber workers can retrain as barristas and serve coffees for people working for the climate change industry on holidays in the summer. Meanwhile the market-driven demand for timber products can be meet by strip-feeling Indonesian, Melanesian, or South American rainforests.
Peter Ormonde
Peter Ormonde is a Friend of The Conversation.
Farmer
Gee Sean,
Have you considered why no other commenters here expressed such a talk-back viewpoint? Anyway thanks for waving the redneck flag just to remind us how far there is to go. The Greens done it innit? Ort was it the guvvermint? Or thet Carbine Tax? Or the green tape regulations on thet pulp mill thing? Or them Banks? Or the world conspiracy agin Tasmania?
Bugger if I can work out how you can type and scrape your knuckles at the same time.
Anyway, you've raised this rather curious notion of a "Liberal Totalitarianism" on a few occasions. Why not take this obvious opportunity to flesh out this rather paradoxical analysis of yours for us all here?
Alan John Hunter
Retired
http://rulingclass.wordpress.com/2012/05/07/liberal-totalitarianism/
http://www.edmundburkeinstitute.org/documents/The_Just_Cause_Liberal_Totalitarianism.pdf
N
He is away with the fairies.
Yep, them nasty greenies twisted the Japanese's arms up their backs to buy cheaper woodchips from Japan, which incidently is just around the corner from Japan, lower transport costs.
It has been known for at least 5 years that woodchips were in the sunset phase, Gunns in their arrogance couldn't or wouldn't see that.
Alan John Hunter
Retired
Oops Vietnam
Venise Alstergren
Venise Alstergren is a Friend of The Conversation.
photographer, blogger.
PETER O: Sean Lamb is troll. Unlike the ones you and I are familiar with, he is better educated, or perhaps more aware of his subject matter. However, a stoat in a mink coat is still a stoat.
It is laughable to suggest that the Greens were responsible for Gunns' collapse. Gunns was a line ball 1950s organisation. Started later, in the 1970s I think, but whose thinking was pure 1950s, yet they were arrogant enough to think the rest of the world had stood still. {Our beloved Tony Abbott draws his…
Read morePeter Ormonde
Peter Ormonde is a Friend of The Conversation.
Farmer
Ah Alan gee thanks for that link re Liberal Totalitarianism... it's a conspiracy against "everything that is good, decent and virtuous in America", in particular talk back radio, apparently. No wonder I hadn't heard of it.
Dianna Arthur
Dianna Arthur is a Friend of The Conversation.
Environmentalist
Why does closure of so much of Australia's manufacturing base with relocation to exploited cheap labour overseas, pass us by with barely a whimper? Yet when an industry that specialises in destroying ancient forests is finally brought to account, the (un)Conservatives crawl out of their piles of wood chips, wailing "the Greens, the evil Greens?"
Tasmania has a chance to return to being a pollution free jewel in Australia's crown - it will require imagination and innovation and may well lead the way to a clean sustainable future.
Philip Dowling
IT teacher
Just move the population out, eh, Dianna.
By the way, Dianna, did you know that trees produce seeds. I wonder what they would be for?
Philip Dowling
IT teacher
Just find some money to pay public servants in the mendicant state.
Alan J Marshall
Retired medical radiographer
As a reply to Peter Boyer's article in Tuesday's Mercury, I would like to suggest a positive way forward. It involves a totally restructured forestry industry. An integrated, cooperative enterprise of numerous small businesses, designed to sustainably work the timbers of the plantations.
These businesses would be set where forestry workers still live, as they have done for a long time, sharing skills down through the families and generations. Let's do this quickly, before those skills are…
Read morePhil Dolan
Viticulturist
All that should have been happening and the industry would still be viable. It's my belief that woodchipping killed the industry. Sawmillers have been complaining for years that mill logs were being chipped. It was driven by chipping. I can't remember who the spokesman was who said that they could not fall a single tree for mill wood, they have to clearfell. That's bollocks.
Alan John Hunter
Retired
That sounds like Gunnerson Noseworthy, who were I believe the forerunner to Gunns, they used to manufacture top quality timber products, plywood, veneers and so on.
I spent 50 years in the building trade, an old saw miller with whom I dealt 35 years ago in QLD, told me that timber management in Australia, is equivalent to a beef farmer knocking 2 out of 3 newborn calves on the head, he was right then and he would be right now.
Garry Baker
resarcher
The perfect storm, eh. Gunn's will prove to be rank amateurs compared to the new players bringing their 21st century paradigm to the island state. ParanVille, a brand new suburb of Hobart, will be solely owned by Korean interests who intend to cater for their own aging population - the dairy industry now looks as if it will be hived off to a foreign government - It goes on, but Tasmania is now on the auction blocks, and its future will be managed by a different sort of miner than Gunns. As to…
Read moreRobert Tony Brklje
retired
The reason why no company wants to take over on the cheap has nothing to do with Gunns public image, greed doesn't care.
Hemp is making a come back and it out and out will out compete wood chipping on every level and for every product, wood chipping globally is on it's last legs.
Philip Dowling
IT teacher
The voters of Bass and Braddon have for years been extorting unrealistic concessions from Federal politicians.
The Greens have been brainwashing other Tasmanian voters into a religion that only myopic island dwellers could believe in. Smart young Tasmanians refused to believe and left.
Even asylum-seekers initially located in Tasmania sought asylum on the mainland.
Meanwhile Tasmanians kept talking about eco-tourism even as mainlanders jetted off to New Zealand.
Talk of cottage industries failed to alert Tasmanians that this was an economic model that was replaced over two centuries ago.
Neighbours helping each other = barter economy.
Gunns - for any faults - will stand as a warning to any significant investors of the social and political risk of investing in Tasmania.
Meanwhile, as the rest of Australia's population increases, Tasmania will lose representation.
http://www.themercury.com.au/article/2012/01/24/294731_tasmania-news.html
Peter Boyd Lane
geologist
I have long imagined an unlogged Tasmania, a unique world wide tourist mecca, clean food, sustainable, not rich but economically viable .... just dreaming.
Philip Dowling
IT teacher
Tasmanians seem to have a naive idea that trees are unique to Tasmania.
http://www.nps.gov/redw/planyourvisit/tall-trees.htm
http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2008/04/080414-oldest-tree.html
The Gold Coast attracts more tourists than poor old Tassie.
http://wetnwild.myfun.com.au/?WT.svl=WnWFoot
Dianna Arthur
Dianna Arthur is a Friend of The Conversation.
Environmentalist
Peter Boyd Lane:
Me too. And we're not the only ones.
Peter Ormonde
Peter Ormonde is a Friend of The Conversation.
Farmer
Trees Phil ... yep forests are full of 'em apparently. But a lot of folks can't see the forest for all those trees in the way.
It's not about trees Phil - it's about forests - you know, the "big picture". Maybe you don't.
David Leigh
logged in via Facebook
There is not much to say about Gunns that has not already been said in this thread... You've all done very well! This is far from the end for Tasmania and in fact, herald's a new beginning for the timber industry and for a sustainable fibre industry. We now have the opportunity, if we care to use this window, of transforming the timber industry into a plantation-based, solid wood products industry and one, which is fully sustainable. We can not only take charge of saw milling but also of down-line processing into products that are useful to people in our region. Australia needs timber and too much of it is imported, while Australia exports wood chips to asia. That needs to change and the way to do that is keep the business models small; keep the corporations out. Hemp will provide the fibre, fuel and food, once we get the ridiculous laws changed. Down-line processing and a sustainable manufacturing sector will follow. Keep the jobs local and stop exporting resources.
Dianna Arthur
Dianna Arthur is a Friend of The Conversation.
Environmentalist
I like your thinking David, and it is possible and workable - just requires the will and imagination as I and others have stated.
Mark Poynter
Forester
I note from the tone of the comments that most posters have pre-concieved views that preclude any real understanding of the issue, and I note that Fred strategically leaves out important aspects such as the role of ENGOs in destroying Gunns traditional markets by convincing them that only FSC certified products can be produced in an environmentally-responsible way - which is simply just wrong but suited their purposes given that they are the gatekeepers of FSC and so would be unlikely to certify…
Read moreDianna Arthur
Dianna Arthur is a Friend of The Conversation.
Environmentalist
" Forestry is one of the few truly renewable industries..."
Plantation forests are renewable.
Not so old forest with its reliant understory of flora and fauna. Simply replanting a single species of tree after clear felling is not responsible and does not bring back the animals and plant species which die from lack of habitable environments.
Mark Poynter
Forester
Dianna
With respect, you don't know much about forestry if you think harvested native forests are re-planted with a single species. That happened to a proportionally minor extent mostly from the 1960s to 80s to establish our softwood plantations, and to a lesser extent more recently in establishing eucalypt plantations, although most were planted on cleared farmland.
However, the vast majority of harvested 'old forests' as you put it are re-seeded with a mix of the overstorey species replicating the original stand composition, and over time the understorey species regenerate much as they do after a bushfire event. Eventually, the fauna re-colonises as well, in fact some are back in just a couple of years after logging, inc supposedly endangered species such as the Long footed Potoroo. If left long enough, these forests will be indistinguishable from what they were before.
Philip Dowling
IT teacher
The so-called old forests have been previously harvested. The notion of a perfectly perserved forest that will last forever is a concept that only girls who believe in fairy princesses and handsome princes could possibly believe in.
Dianna needs to watch Ice Age i and II and III and Madagascar I and II and III to update her knowledge to that of of the average thirteen year old.
David Leigh
logged in via Facebook
If you want to see a blow by blow account of why Gunns failed, WATCH THE MOVIE FOR FREE HERE: www.theage.com.au/tv/Environment/A-Worm-in-the-Apple-4262515.html