Both sides are reporting sexual violence, including rape.
Amanda Rose/Alamy Live News
Investigating sex crimes in a war zone will be hard, but accountability for these crimes against humanity is vital.
Lukas Coch/AAP
The war has resulted in a flurry of legal proceedings in international courts. Some cases have merit, while others are very weak.
‘UK could recognise Palestine after the war’: David Cameron made the promise while in Lebanon, meeting the caretaker prime minister, Najib Mikati.
EPA-EFE/Wael Hamzeh
Much of the world already recognises Palestinian statehood. But recognition by the US and UK would be a hugely important decision.
EPA-EFER/Jim lo Scalzo
The International Criminal Court has a range of options for both deterring and investigating war crimes in the current conflict.
Karim Khan, the International Criminal Court’s chief prosecutor, at a UN meeting in July 2023.
Lev Radin/Pacific Press/LightRocket via Getty Images
The push for national trials reflects a disappointment with the slow pace and high costs of international justice.
Corporal Neil Ruskin/PR Handout/Australian Department of Defence
The ICC was only ever intended as a court of last resort, meaning it will only investigate and prosecute people for alleged war crimes when a country is unwilling or unable to do so itself.
Mama Ngina Kenyatta.
The Star/Kenya
You can count on Mama Ngina Kenyattta to defend the family name, in good times and bad.
Sudan’s Omar al-Bashir (left) and Mohamed Hamdan Dagalo tour Darfur in 2017.
Ashraf Shazly/AFP via Getty Images
The failure to hold the perpetrators of the Darfur genocide accountable has led to further instability in Sudan.
The Day of Memory for Truth and Justice is held every year in the Plaza de Mayo in Buenos Aires commemorating the victims of the military dictatorship, March 24 1976 to December 10 1983.
Esteban Osorio/Alamy
Hundreds of children were stolen from their parents during the dictatorship in Argentina, but over the years some have been reunited with their families.
A kindergarten in Kharkiv, Ukraine, destroyed by Russian shelling.
Getty Images
The deportation of children during war goes to the heart of important and far-reaching human rights conventions. But bringing perpetrators to justice will be a long and complex process.
EPA-EFE/Mikhail Metzel/Sputnik/Kremlin pool
The International Criminal Court sets a high bar for prosecuting heads of state for crimes committed while they are in power.
This is a digitally generated image of what a city might look like after a war.
Getty Images
Urban spaces are a repository of people’s beliefs, memories and collective conscience.
Joseph Kony speaks to journalists in southern Sudan in November 2006.
Stuart Price/AFP via Getty Images
The Ugandan militant remains on the run despite a US$5 million bounty on his head for war crimes committed between 1987 and 2006.
LRA commander Dominic Ongwen at the International Criminal Court in 2016.
Peter Dejong / EPA-EFE
Dominic Ongwen was the first person to use the defence of duress at the International Criminal Court.
Jacinda Ardern addressing the UN General Assembly in September 2022.
Getty Images
Small states have limited power to influence global events, but New Zealand can still up its game in an increasingly lawless and dangerous world.
William Ruto (L, back row), Henry Kosgey (C, back row) and radio presenter Joshua Arap Sang (R, back row), at the ICC in 2011, charged in connection with post-election violence.
LEX VAN LIESHOUT/AFP via Getty Images
The ICC can still reopen cases against President William Ruto and his predecessor Uhuru Kenyatta if it lands solid evidence.
President Uhuru Kenyatta’s supporters celebrate after the ICC dropped charges against him in 2014.
Simon Maina/AFP via Getty Images
Research in Kenya finds victims or witnesses to violence are less likely to buy into anti-International Criminal Court political narratives.
A protest against police brutality outside parliament buildings in Nairobi.
Patrick Meinhardt/AFP via Getty Images
A host of problems are behind police failures, including poor evidence gathering and the mistreatment of witnesses.
EPA-EFE/Chema Moya
The Ukrainian president says the country will set up its own system for prosecuting Russian soldiers for war crimes.
William Ruto at the International Criminal Court in May 2013.
Lex van Lieshout/AFP via Getty Images
For the ICC, the case against Paul Gicheru represents the possibility for the court to clock a win where so far it has only suffered losses.