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To test the ballistic properties of the stone points found in the Mandrin cave, modern duplicates were created and hafted on to shafts, as they may have been 54,000 years ago. Laure Metz, Ludovic Slimak

The earliest modern humans in Europe mastered bow-and-arrow technology 54,000 years ago

In 2022 we detailed the discovery of 1,500 stone points in France’s Madrin cave. Experiments now show that they could were used as arrowheads, pushing back evidence of archery in Eurasia by 40,000 years.
Amsterdam, Netherlands. Planting trees in urban areas can reduce the impacts of urban heat islands. Dutch_Photos/Shutterstock

Planting more trees could reduce premature heat-related deaths in European cities by a third – new research

In 2015, 6,700 premature deaths were caused by urban heat – this can be reduced by a third by planting more trees.
Protesters wave French trade union CGT flags during a rally called by French trade unions against the government pension reform plan in Marseille, southern France, on January 19, 2023. Nicolas Tucat/AFP

Pension reform in France: Macron and demonstrators resume epic tussle begun over 30 years ago

French citizens have protested pension reform for the past 30 years. A historian explains why the evolving power struggle between the streets and the state does not bode well for today’s strikers.
In 2009, 150 of the 180 residents of the care facility in Ellignies-Sainte-Anne were French. At the time, approximately 6,500 French citizens living with disabilities were in Belgian institutions due to the lack of appropriate structures in France. The figure has since grown to 8,500, a jump of more than 30%. Philippe Huguen/AFP

When universal health care falls short, French people with disabilities move to Belgium

It is estimated that more than 8,000 French citizens with disabilities currently live in Belgium. For many parents, placing their children in foreign institutions is not so much a choice as the only alternative they have.
Is the EU’s new legislation a coup de grâce or a promise of transition for sensitive sectors in fragile countries, such as the steel industry in Bosnia-Herzegovina? Elvis Barukcic/AFP

Is Europe’s new carbon border tax fair for everyone?

Already lacking the means to decarbonise their industry or turn to greener alternatives, poor countries could also be deprived of revenues from exports to Europe.

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