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In the heat of the summer, time can sometimes appear like it’s melting away. However, our body clock is there to keep track of the hours gone by. Joseph Jacobs, Shutterstock

Biological clocks: how does our body know that time goes by?

Our bodies are able to perceive time thanks to our internal clocks, which are also used by the other living beings with which we interact.
New variants of SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19, arise through mutations when the virus replicates in an infected host’s cells. (NIAID, cropped from original)

How new COVID-19 variants emerge: Natural selection and the evolution of SARS-CoV-2

COVID-19 variants are the products of the evolution of the SARS-CoV-2 virus. They arise via mutations, but other forces also have roles to play in the generation and transmission of variants.
When they suck your blood they can leave behind the parasite that causes sleeping sickness. Patrick Robert/Sygma via Getty Images

Bloodthirsty tsetse flies nurse their young, one live birth at a time – understanding this unusual strategy could help fight the disease they spread

This insect’s unique reproductive biology could lead to new ways to control the species in the environment – and prevent the deadly sleeping sickness it spreads to people.
A father reads to his son while sitting under a mosquito net. Mosquitoes have undergone evolutionary changes due to long-lasting insecticide-treated nets. Georgina Goodwin and Vestergaard Frandsen

Why evolution must be at the centre of fighting parasitic infections

Although there have been global efforts to eliminate parasites, some parasites and vectors will have survived attack because they have evolved resistance.
Popular characters such as Sleeping Beauty illustrate our enduring interest in tales of people who sleep continuously or cannot stay awake. Sofi/flickr

The big sleep: science is waking up to the curious story of narcolepsy

Perhaps because we all need sleep, we have an enduring interest in sleep disorders such as narcolepsy, which causes a constant irrepressible need for sleep.

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