I am a lecturer in political science at Sciences Po Paris, where I teach undergraduate and graduate courses on international affairs, including the seminars "Understanding Strategic Decision-Making: US Policy in the Middle East," "The War in Syria: US and European Policies," and "The Geopolitics of Energy." I am also an associate research fellow at the Istituto per gli Studi di Politica Internazionale (ISPI); a fellow at the Civil War Paths project of the Centre for the Comparative Study of Civil War at the University of Sheffield; a member of the Ambassador Council of the International Crisis Group; and a member of the editorial board of the journal Small Wars & Insurgencies. I have a PhD from the Sorbonne and a Master's from Harvard, and have published articles in Survival, Small Wars & Insurgencies, Middle East Policy, Asian Affairs, and World Policy Journal, as well as analyses and opinion pieces in the Modern War Institute at West Point, the LSE Middle East Centre, ISPI, and The Guardian. My research is grounded in extensive fieldwork, including in Afghanistan, Iran, Iraq, Syria, Kurdistan, Turkey, Lebanon, Jordan, Israel and the Palestinian Territories, Egypt, Libya, and Tunisia. In Cairo, I was the politics editor of Daily News Egypt, at the time one of the last independent newspapers in Egypt. During the course of my fieldwork, I also lived for extended periods in Beirut and Kabul.