Hugh Outhred has a PhD in Electrical Engineering from the University of Sydney and is a Fellow of the Australian Institute of Energy. He is a Senior Visiting Fellow at the University of New South Wales having retired in 2007 from the positions of Presiding Director, Centre for Energy and Environmental Markets and Associate Professor and Head, Energy Systems Research Group in the School of Electrical Engineering and Telecommunications following a 35 year career at UNSW. He is also Managing Director of Ipen Pty Ltd, a small private company that provides educational and advisory services on energy and its relationship to society and the environment. Hugh has provided advisory and educational services for governments, non-government organisations, the electricity supply industry and private industry in Australia, Canada, China Hong Kong, Indonesia, Ireland, New Zealand, the Philippines, Singapore, South Korea, Spain, Taiwan, the UK and the USA.