tag:theconversation.com,2011:/us/topics/2032-brisbane-olympics-106301/articles2032 Brisbane Olympics – The Conversation2023-11-22T01:28:35Ztag:theconversation.com,2011:article/2179032023-11-22T01:28:35Z2023-11-22T01:28:35ZWhat was the true nature of the ‘Matildas effect’? New research shows it was profound, but uneven<p>No event in Australian history has captured the country’s imagination like the 2023 FIFA Women’s World Cup. From coast to coast, Australians tuned in to witness the Matilda’s historic tournament run, reaching the semi-finals for the first time in the team’s history.</p>
<p>But prior to the Matilda’s historic success, there was much concern throughout Australia. Australians were sceptical about the multi-city event model and what positive impacts they could expect. It didn’t help that just days before the tournament’s opening day, Victoria’s multi-city plan to host the 2026 Commonwealth Games was cancelled.</p>
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<a href="https://theconversation.com/cancelling-the-commonwealth-games-wont-come-cheaply-victoria-now-faces-the-legal-consequences-210054">Cancelling the Commonwealth Games won't come cheaply – Victoria now faces the legal consequences</a>
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<p>Our new research measured the impact of the 2023 FIFA Women’s World Cup on each Australian host city – Adelaide, Brisbane, Melbourne, Perth, and Sydney. Data collected from 2,000 Australians surveyed pre-event (June) and post-event (November) show the event increased Australians’ interest in women’s sport for all cities except Perth. In addition, each city showed greater support for hosting the event in the future, except Adelaide and Perth.</p>
<h2>Australia’s view of the Women’s World Cup</h2>
<p>Why were the event outcomes different for all Australian cities? We know that every mega sport event comes with positive and negative impacts for the host nation and its cities. We measured the perceived benefits and costs of hosting the event according to survey participants in terms of economic, environmental, social, and sport participation criteria.</p>
<p>It was surprising to see residents in each host city report post-event that the 2023 FIFA Women’s World Cup had resulted in greater benefits for their communities than they had anticipated. A majority of survey respondents also felt the tournament had incurred lower costs than expected. </p>
<p>These results stand in stark contrast to what is usually expected for an event of this scale, and bodes well for the potential of future multi-city events, such as the Brisbane 2032 Olympics.</p>
<p>Based on the graphs above, it would appear the event was a resounding success for all cities. However, looking beyond the surface of event perceptions, clear winners and losers are found.</p>
<h2>World Cup winners and losers</h2>
<p>Post-event, Brisbane, Melbourne, and Sydney indicated greater support for their respective city hosting the event, while Adelaide and Perth citizens showed a decrease in support. This was unexpected given Adelaide and Perth had the lowest hosting responsibilities of all cities, hosting five games each while Melbourne (6), Brisbane (8), and Sydney (11) hosted more games.</p>
<p>This could suggest Adelaide and Perth citizens felt excluded from the multi-city event model, which favoured more games in other cities. Adelaide and Perth were not initially part of Australia’s bid for the tournament, which was originally slated to be held just in the eastern three cities. They were added after the initial bid development with New Zealand.</p>
<p>Highlighting this divide between Australia’s host cities further are data on Australian’s women sports fandom. Australians in each city except Perth showed an increase in support for women’s sport because of the 2023 FIFA Women’s World Cup.</p>
<p>Women’s sport fandom results showed the biggest jump from pre-to-post event for all other Australian cities. This reveals the true Matildas effect, as we saw a significant increase in support for women’s sport that was not just centred on the team’s historic semi-final run or their ability to draw the largest broadcast audience in Australian history.</p>
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Read more:
<a href="https://theconversation.com/cricket-lacrosse-netball-the-new-sports-that-might-make-it-to-the-2032-brisbane-olympic-games-215991">Cricket? Lacrosse? Netball? The new sports that might make it to the 2032 Brisbane Olympic Games</a>
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<h2>The future of global sporting events in Australia</h2>
<p>Our research highlights the power that mega sport events have to captivate Australians and trigger social change, but it also reveals opportunities for improvement of the multi-city event model. With so many mega sport events planned in the coming decade in Australia, climaxing with the Brisbane 2032 Olympics, there are two important lessons here, particularly from the survey results coming out of Adelaide and Perth.</p>
<p>First, it is imperative to consider all cities in the multi-city operation, not just the “big ones”. One way this could have been done is by engaging all cities in the 25-day tournament countdown leading to the first match. This would build a sense of unity across the country and spotlight the uniqueness of each city, as opposed to focusing mostly on Sydney.</p>
<p>This will be of paramount importance in the lead-up to the Brisbane 2032 Olympics, which will include several big cities (Brisbane, Melbourne, and Sydney) and several smaller cities (Gold Coast, Sunshine Coast, Cairns, and Townsville). Unless a conscious effort is made to engage each city, no matter their size and location, we may see more fragmented results.</p>
<p>Second, the 2023 FIFA Women’s World Cup was a resounding success, giving Australia and New Zealand hope and scope to consider co-hosting more events in the future. </p>
<p>Building from this multi-city event model, the two countries might look to expand even further, perhaps bidding for a future FIFA Men’s World Cup or the Commonwealth Games.</p>
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<p>_This story has been corrected. It initially said Perth hosted 8 games - in fact, that should have been Brisbane. _</p><img src="https://counter.theconversation.com/content/217903/count.gif" alt="The Conversation" width="1" height="1" />
<p class="fine-print"><em><span>I am currently conducting a larger project on the 2023 FIFA Women's World Cup that engages both Football Australia and New Zealand Football.</span></em></p>Australians delighted in the Women’s World Cup and saw huge benefits for the host cities – but for Perth and Adelaide, there was a feeling of being on the sidelines.Jordan Bakhsh, Alfred Deakin Postdoctoral Research Fellow, Deakin UniversityLicensed as Creative Commons – attribution, no derivatives.tag:theconversation.com,2011:article/2159912023-10-24T19:19:05Z2023-10-24T19:19:05ZCricket? Lacrosse? Netball? The new sports that might make it to the 2032 Brisbane Olympic Games<p>At the International Olympic Committee’s recent session in Mumbai, India it <a href="https://www.insidethegames.biz/articles/1141782/ioc-session-la-28-sports-confirmed">officially ratified</a> five sports being added to the existing 28 core sports for the 2028 Los Angeles summer games.</p>
<p>Of these five, several will be making their first-ever appearance, namely squash and <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flag_football">flag football</a>, while others have had a long gap between inclusion – lacrosse in 1904 and 1908, cricket in 1900 and baseball/softball coming back in after a gap since the Tokyo 2021 games.</p>
<p>Until 1992, the IOC allowed sports to be added to the Olympic Games by the local organising committee as “demonstration events”. Under this arrangement, the 1956 Melbourne games included baseball and Australian Rules football. Over the years, a large number of other host cities trialled a variety of sports, but only a few stayed in the games.</p>
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<a href="https://theconversation.com/breakdancing-in-the-olympics-the-games-have-a-long-history-of-taking-chances-from-pesapallo-yes-its-a-sport-to-kite-flying-151750">Breakdancing in the Olympics? The Games have a long history of taking chances, from pesapallo (yes, it's a sport) to kite flying</a>
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<p>Nowadays, the <a href="https://olympics.com/ioc/olympic-agenda-2020-plus-5">Olympic Agenda 2020 + 5</a> serves as a major IOC policy document about how the games should operate. A recent change sees the local organising committee recommending what sports should be added to their particular games. </p>
<p>Faced with an IOC guideline to cap the summer games at approximately 10,500 athletes and to stay within a 19-day schedule, means there are limitations to new sports being added. Besides the <a href="https://www.paris2024.org/en/olympic-sports/">28 core sports</a> guaranteed inclusion in the summer olympics (although these core sports can be altered by the IOC), what are the criteria used for any new additions?</p>
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<p><strong>Inspiring the next generation</strong>: The inclusion of new sports in the Olympics is a strategic move to attract younger athletes who may not be involved in traditional Olympic sports.</p>
<p><strong>Innovation and adaptation</strong>: Many of the recently added sports represent new and innovative approaches to competition and showcase the ability of the games to adapt to the changing times.</p>
<p><strong>Diversity</strong>: The inclusion of different sports is a way of embracing cultural diversity and promoting global reach to regions that may not have traditionally been strongly represented at the Olympics. For example, it is expected that by adding cricket, the sub-continent, with its huge population base including India, Pakistan, Sri Lanka and Bangladesh, will develop an enhanced interest in the olympics.</p>
<p><strong>Popularity and integrity</strong>: How popular is the sport worldwide? Is it played in a number of countries and does it have a significant number of participants? Is the respective world sporting federation “squeaky clean” and does it have strong and effective leadership? Most importantly, is it devoid of sport integrity issues (such as significant doping and governance faults)?</p>
<p><strong>Screen dream</strong>: Is the sport going to be exciting to watch for television viewers? Since broadcasting rights is the major source of revenue for the games, the IOC wants to cater to the broadcasters’ and audience’s preferences.</p>
<p><strong>Corporate cash</strong>: New sports in the olympics tend to attract corporate interest and sponsorship from new sources. This helps to secure the financial stability of the games and aligns with the IOC’s wish to diversify its revenue streams.</p>
<p><strong>Leaving a legacy</strong>: Since facility legacy has become an extremely important criterion, will any newly built facilities be useful post-games? There is a very strong push to eliminate costly facilities that later become “<a href="https://www.abc.net.au/news/2021-08-07/what-japan-learned-from-olympic-white-elephants/100329488">white elephants</a>” – a strong criticism of the 2004 Athens Olympics.</p>
<p><strong>Gender equality</strong>: There has been a concerted effort by the IOC to ensure a 50-50 gender ratio. The recent addition of mixed “co-ed” events seen in many winter sports has the potential to expand into several summer sports (for example, mixed relays in swimming or athletics).</p>
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<a href="https://theconversation.com/everyones-a-winner-with-new-events-at-the-winter-games-22820">Everyone's a winner with new events at the Winter Games</a>
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<p><strong>Host nation’s preferences</strong>: In the new process of selecting sports, the IOC has given a lot of flexibility to the local organising committee to evaluate and make recommendations. </p>
<p>So given all of this, what sports might we expect to be added for the Brisbane 2032 games? Here are some early thoughts.</p>
<p><strong>The favourites</strong></p>
<p><em>Cricket</em>: It is being introduced in 2028 and should remain in the games in 2032 due to its popularity in the host nation and strong support from the sub-continent.</p>
<p><em>Lacrosse</em>: This is a sport in which Australia is again expected to do well. As it will be played in a modified six-person format (similar to rugby 7s) and using a shot clock, nations traditionally not strong in the current version of this sport – with its bigger field and larger number of players – may begin to take an interest and support its inclusion.</p>
<p><em>Sport climbing, surfing and skateboarding</em>: All of these had their debut in Tokyo 2021 and will likely remain in the program. Surfing, in particular, will be popular in beach-crazed LA, and should be a no-brainer for sunny Queensland.</p>
<p><em>Baseball/softball</em>: These should be back in the 2028 games after a short hiatus. As Australia is normally quite competitive in these sports and a medal contender, they are a strong chance be included.</p>
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Read more:
<a href="https://theconversation.com/one-year-to-go-will-the-paris-2024-olympics-see-a-return-to-normalcy-210186">One year to go: Will the Paris 2024 Olympics see a return to normalcy?</a>
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<p><strong>The “maybe” list</strong></p>
<p><em>Flag football</em>: It will no doubt be assessed after its LA 2028 debut. The fact that the NFL in the US is actively supporting this initiative enhances its chances of remaining in the program.</p>
<p><em>Breakdancing</em>: This popular, youth-friendly sport making its debut in the Paris games, was somewhat <a href="https://www.insidethegames.biz/articles/1141612/breaking-world-dance-sport-los-angeles">surprisingly not selected</a> for LA in 2028. This does not preclude its addition to the 2032 games, especially if it proves to be a hit in 2024.</p>
<p><em>Netball</em>: There will be a strong push to have it included by the Brisbane organising committee, but its limited worldwide profile will work against it. </p>
<p><em>E-sports</em>: Competitive video gaming has experienced explosive growth worldwide in recent years. Although it offers a unique blend of skill, strategy, and technology is it deemed worthy of an Olympic guernsey as it lacks athletic prowess? However, the IOC is monitoring it very closely and <a href="https://www.insidethegames.biz/articles/1141738/ioc-to-launch-olympic-esports-games">recently announced</a> a new standalone E-sports games, which could possibly lead to it making an appearance in the mainstream games.</p>
<p><strong>Long shots</strong></p>
<p><em>Surf lifesaving</em>: These would be a perfect beach activity for these games and a sport in which Australia would be a medal favourite. But a limited worldwide profile harms its chances.</p>
<p><em>Pickleball</em>: It is one of the world’s fastest growing sports and quickly gaining a following in Australia. As it is played on tennis courts it is not a big cost factor for the host city. But it may take a few more years of growth and lobbying to get into the games.</p>
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<p><em>Motorsports, karate and kickboxing</em>: All three put in a bid for the LA games and were not successful. They are not likely to be included in the Brisbane games, as they appear to have limited widespread support among the large IOC membership.</p>
<p><em>AFL</em>: This is a real long shot, as too few countries play this sport and the host nation would dominate.</p>
<p>Four years from now, the IOC must decide on the sports for the 2032 Brisbane games. New sports breathe fresh life into the Olympic movement, ensuring its relevance and appeal. </p>
<p>With lobbying by many sports to capture a spot on the program, much can happen between now and then. The Brisbane 2032 Olympic Organising Committee must attempt to strike a balance between its recommendations to the IOC for final approval, while at the same time trying to put an “Aussie slant” on the sporting program.</p><img src="https://counter.theconversation.com/content/215991/count.gif" alt="The Conversation" width="1" height="1" />
<p class="fine-print"><em><span>Richard Baka does not work for, consult, own shares in or receive funding from any company or organisation that would benefit from this article, and has disclosed no relevant affiliations beyond their academic appointment.</span></em></p>We now know sports that will make their Olympic Games debut in 2028. Here’s what that tells us about what might get the nod for Brisbane 2032.Richard Baka, Adjunct Fellow, Olympic Scholar and Co-Director of the Olympic and Paralympic Research Centre, Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria UniversityLicensed as Creative Commons – attribution, no derivatives.tag:theconversation.com,2011:article/1939492022-11-21T04:32:23Z2022-11-21T04:32:23ZQueensland’s high-tech plan to make the 2032 Brisbane Olympic Games smarter and greener<figure><img src="https://images.theconversation.com/files/495303/original/file-20221115-13-zhdrj3.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&rect=0%2C80%2C3827%2C2784&q=45&auto=format&w=496&fit=clip" /><figcaption><span class="caption">
</span> <span class="attribution"><span class="source">Shutterstock</span></span></figcaption></figure><p>With Brisbane to host the 2032 Olympic Games, Queensland is accelerating “smart” and “green” infrastructure projects right across the coast from Coolangatta to Coolum.</p>
<p>So what practical steps is the state government taking to bring Brisbane closer to being a smart city while managing rapid growth? And what differences can city residents realistically expect to see for themselves?</p>
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<a href="https://theconversation.com/urban-planning-is-now-on-the-front-line-of-the-climate-crisis-this-is-what-it-means-for-our-cities-and-towns-193452">Urban planning is now on the front line of the climate crisis. This is what it means for our cities and towns</a>
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<h2>Exploiting a quarter century of technological progress</h2>
<p>Vastly more ambitious than the South Bank building boom, which preceded Brisbane’s World Expo 88 in the pre-internet era, Queensland’s current infrastructure programs are exploiting the last quarter-century of technological progress. </p>
<p>Think sensor-triggered street lights, automated air conditioning and watering of parks and green facades. Envision robots for cleaning and construction, satmaps, swipe cards and QR codes. Data technology will be embedded in 32 existing and planned Olympic venues, the future athletes’ village at Northshore Hamilton (near Breakfast Creek) and the international media centres. </p>
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<span class="caption">An artist’s impression of the new ‘data’ city centre being developed at Maroochydoore by Walker Corporation with the Sunshine Coast City Council.</span>
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<p>Technology will also underpin a substantial city centre at Maroochydore. Here, a mid-rise precinct will be powered via a solar farm at nearby Valdora, and will include fibre-optic telecommunications cables. In what may be a first for Australia, a new system will sluice garbage from chutes through <a href="https://www.abc.net.au/news/2016-09-21/maroochydore-rubbish-revolution-envac-underground/7864272">underground vacuum pipes</a>.</p>
<h2>A ‘New Norm’ Olympics</h2>
<p>All Games facilities must align with a set of 118 reforms the International Olympic Committee (IOC) calls its “<a href="https://olympics.com/ioc/faq/roles-and-responsibilities-of-the-ioc-and-its-partners/what-is-the-new-norm">New Norm</a>” guidelines. </p>
<p>These were introduced in 2018 to improve energy efficiency, cost-effectiveness and long-term value from the huge development expenditure required of host governments. There had been concerns about integrity and wastefulness in the IOC’s old-school supervision of Games bidding and delivery processes.</p>
<p>Brisbane’s Games win is accelerating and expanding some major public mobility programs offering “turn up and go” transport routes for the 4.4 million people expected to live in South-East Queensland by 2031. </p>
<h2>Aerial taxis without pilots</h2>
<p>The most provocative proposal – still speculative – is to introduce <a href="https://www.austrade.gov.au/international/invest/investor-updates/wisk-s-self-flying-electric-air-taxis-to-land-in-australia">aerial taxis</a> to fly passengers without pilots, but remotely supervised, between future “vertiports”.</p>
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<a href="https://images.theconversation.com/files/495254/original/file-20221115-12-m9bp2t.png?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&q=45&auto=format&w=1000&fit=clip"><img alt="A prototype of the Wisk aerial taxi proposed to be flying passengers around south-east Queensland before the Brisbane Olympics." src="https://images.theconversation.com/files/495254/original/file-20221115-12-m9bp2t.png?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&q=45&auto=format&w=754&fit=clip" srcset="https://images.theconversation.com/files/495254/original/file-20221115-12-m9bp2t.png?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&q=45&auto=format&w=600&h=300&fit=crop&dpr=1 600w, https://images.theconversation.com/files/495254/original/file-20221115-12-m9bp2t.png?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&q=30&auto=format&w=600&h=300&fit=crop&dpr=2 1200w, https://images.theconversation.com/files/495254/original/file-20221115-12-m9bp2t.png?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&q=15&auto=format&w=600&h=300&fit=crop&dpr=3 1800w, https://images.theconversation.com/files/495254/original/file-20221115-12-m9bp2t.png?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&q=45&auto=format&w=754&h=377&fit=crop&dpr=1 754w, https://images.theconversation.com/files/495254/original/file-20221115-12-m9bp2t.png?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&q=30&auto=format&w=754&h=377&fit=crop&dpr=2 1508w, https://images.theconversation.com/files/495254/original/file-20221115-12-m9bp2t.png?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&q=15&auto=format&w=754&h=377&fit=crop&dpr=3 2262w" sizes="(min-width: 1466px) 754px, (max-width: 599px) 100vw, (min-width: 600px) 600px, 237px"></a>
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<span class="caption">A prototype of the Wisk aerial taxi proposed to be flying passengers around South-East Queensland before the Brisbane Olympics.</span>
<span class="attribution"><span class="source">Wisk Aero</span></span>
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<p>A prototype eVTOL (electric vertical take-off and landing) aircraft is in Brisbane while its American manufacturer, Wisk Aero, seeks approval from the Civil Aviation Safety Authority to operate commercially before the 2032 Games. </p>
<p>Wisk (<a href="https://www.theverge.com/2022/10/3/23380518/wisk-aero-air-taxi-electric-autonomous-boeing-faa">backed by Boeing</a>) has completed more than <a href="https://wisk.aero/news/press-release/generation6/">1,600</a> test flights with six generations of aircraft. The Brisbane model has 12 lift fans on two 15-metre wings and is powered by a battery in the tail. </p>
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<p>Delegates at a recent Smart Cities Council transport workshop I attended noted the potential of autonomous aerial vehicles to change patterns of housing development beyond road and rail links. Even so, Queensland is rapidly expanding its terrestrial network.</p>
<h2>Land transport projects</h2>
<p>Brisbane’s <a href="https://crossriverrail.qld.gov.au/about/rail-route/#:%7E:text=The%20Cross%20River%20Rail%20route%20includes%20a%205.9%20Kilometre%20underground,information%20on%20Brisbane's%20first%20underground!">Cross River Rail</a> line is being extended northwards through a new twin tunnel under Brisbane River and four new underground stations at Boggo Road, Woolloongabba, Albert Street and Roma Street. </p>
<p>This project uses smart <a href="https://crossriverrail.qld.gov.au/news/first-mega-machine-ready-to-go/">tunnel-boring machines</a> to carve through the <a href="https://www.abc.net.au/news/2020-07-14/what-is-brisbane-tuff-volcanic-rock/12435462">tuff</a> (a type of volcanic rock, pronounced toof) that formed Brisbane’s geology more than 200 million years ago.</p>
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<p>As well as supporting the new health, science and education precinct near Boggo Road, this rail extension will connect the city’s southern suburbs with the existing line north from Bowen Hills.</p>
<figure class="align-center zoomable">
<a href="https://images.theconversation.com/files/495258/original/file-20221115-24-hro79m.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&q=45&auto=format&w=1000&fit=clip"><img alt="One of the new articulated carriages on the G:Link light rail line at Southport on the Gold Coast." src="https://images.theconversation.com/files/495258/original/file-20221115-24-hro79m.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&q=45&auto=format&w=754&fit=clip" srcset="https://images.theconversation.com/files/495258/original/file-20221115-24-hro79m.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&q=45&auto=format&w=600&h=354&fit=crop&dpr=1 600w, https://images.theconversation.com/files/495258/original/file-20221115-24-hro79m.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&q=30&auto=format&w=600&h=354&fit=crop&dpr=2 1200w, https://images.theconversation.com/files/495258/original/file-20221115-24-hro79m.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&q=15&auto=format&w=600&h=354&fit=crop&dpr=3 1800w, https://images.theconversation.com/files/495258/original/file-20221115-24-hro79m.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&q=45&auto=format&w=754&h=445&fit=crop&dpr=1 754w, https://images.theconversation.com/files/495258/original/file-20221115-24-hro79m.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&q=30&auto=format&w=754&h=445&fit=crop&dpr=2 1508w, https://images.theconversation.com/files/495258/original/file-20221115-24-hro79m.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&q=15&auto=format&w=754&h=445&fit=crop&dpr=3 2262w" sizes="(min-width: 1466px) 754px, (max-width: 599px) 100vw, (min-width: 600px) 600px, 237px"></a>
<figcaption>
<span class="caption">One of the new articulated carriages on the G:Link light rail line at Southport on the Gold Coast.</span>
<span class="attribution"><span class="source">G:Link</span></span>
</figcaption>
</figure>
<p>And work continues on extending the Brisbane-to-Gold Coast light railway (also known as the <a href="https://ridetheg.com.au/">G:Link</a>). </p>
<p>This extension will provide eight new stations along a <a href="https://www.tmr.qld.gov.au/projects/gold-coast-light-rail">6.7km track from Broadbeach to Burleigh Heads</a>. The G:Link service uses German Bombardier Flexity carriages that are bi-directional and air-conditioned, with low-level floors matching station platforms and storage for wheelchairs, bikes, prams and surfboards. These are electric-powered via 750V overhead cables.</p>
<h2>Superfast bus charging</h2>
<p>More innovative is the Brisbane Metro project, which is being tested to potentially supply <a href="https://thedriven.io/2022/08/08/brisbane-confirms-order-for-60-all-electric-trackless-trams-with-flash-charging/">60 electric buses</a> (or “trackless trams”) to supplement the city’s existing fleet. These would be battery-powered by a combination of 600kW, six-minute, <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8KtciCz92VE">superfast “flash chargers”</a> at end-of-line stations and 50kW, overnight, slow chargers at depots.</p>
<figure class="align-center zoomable">
<a href="https://images.theconversation.com/files/495265/original/file-20221115-12-v17psy.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&q=45&auto=format&w=1000&fit=clip"><img alt="Flash (super-fast) charging of a Metro bus via rooftop equipment docking with an overhead charging arm." src="https://images.theconversation.com/files/495265/original/file-20221115-12-v17psy.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&q=45&auto=format&w=754&fit=clip" srcset="https://images.theconversation.com/files/495265/original/file-20221115-12-v17psy.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&q=45&auto=format&w=600&h=470&fit=crop&dpr=1 600w, https://images.theconversation.com/files/495265/original/file-20221115-12-v17psy.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&q=30&auto=format&w=600&h=470&fit=crop&dpr=2 1200w, https://images.theconversation.com/files/495265/original/file-20221115-12-v17psy.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&q=15&auto=format&w=600&h=470&fit=crop&dpr=3 1800w, https://images.theconversation.com/files/495265/original/file-20221115-12-v17psy.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&q=45&auto=format&w=754&h=591&fit=crop&dpr=1 754w, https://images.theconversation.com/files/495265/original/file-20221115-12-v17psy.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&q=30&auto=format&w=754&h=591&fit=crop&dpr=2 1508w, https://images.theconversation.com/files/495265/original/file-20221115-12-v17psy.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&q=15&auto=format&w=754&h=591&fit=crop&dpr=3 2262w" sizes="(min-width: 1466px) 754px, (max-width: 599px) 100vw, (min-width: 600px) 600px, 237px"></a>
<figcaption>
<span class="caption">Flash (super-fast) charging of a Metro bus via rooftop equipment docking with an overhead charging arm.</span>
<span class="attribution"><span class="source">Brisbane Metro.</span></span>
</figcaption>
</figure>
<p>Each bus can be recharged up to 85 times faster than an electric car at home – but the flash system degrades batteries more than slow charging overnight.</p>
<figure class="align-center zoomable">
<a href="https://images.theconversation.com/files/495260/original/file-20221115-24-d6ceu0.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&q=45&auto=format&w=1000&fit=clip"><img alt="Artist impression of a Brisbane Metro electric bus emerging from a city tunnel, with an older bus on the ramp." src="https://images.theconversation.com/files/495260/original/file-20221115-24-d6ceu0.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&q=45&auto=format&w=754&fit=clip" srcset="https://images.theconversation.com/files/495260/original/file-20221115-24-d6ceu0.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&q=45&auto=format&w=600&h=338&fit=crop&dpr=1 600w, https://images.theconversation.com/files/495260/original/file-20221115-24-d6ceu0.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&q=30&auto=format&w=600&h=338&fit=crop&dpr=2 1200w, https://images.theconversation.com/files/495260/original/file-20221115-24-d6ceu0.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&q=15&auto=format&w=600&h=338&fit=crop&dpr=3 1800w, https://images.theconversation.com/files/495260/original/file-20221115-24-d6ceu0.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&q=45&auto=format&w=754&h=424&fit=crop&dpr=1 754w, https://images.theconversation.com/files/495260/original/file-20221115-24-d6ceu0.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&q=30&auto=format&w=754&h=424&fit=crop&dpr=2 1508w, https://images.theconversation.com/files/495260/original/file-20221115-24-d6ceu0.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&q=15&auto=format&w=754&h=424&fit=crop&dpr=3 2262w" sizes="(min-width: 1466px) 754px, (max-width: 599px) 100vw, (min-width: 600px) 600px, 237px"></a>
<figcaption>
<span class="caption">Artist impression of a Brisbane Metro electric bus emerging from a city tunnel, with an older bus on the ramp.</span>
<span class="attribution"><span class="source">Brisbane City Council.</span></span>
</figcaption>
</figure>
<h2>Healthy footbridges</h2>
<p>Although two of Brisbane’s four proposed “green bridges” for pedestrians and cyclists were <a href="https://www.brisbane.qld.gov.au/traffic-and-transport/roads-infrastructure-and-bikeways/green-bridges/st-lucia-to-west-end-green-bridge">paused</a> to prioritise flood recovery, new crossings from the city to Kangaroo Point and Newstead to Albion are expected to open in 2024. </p>
<figure class="align-center zoomable">
<a href="https://images.theconversation.com/files/495266/original/file-20221115-26-vliqyk.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&q=45&auto=format&w=1000&fit=clip"><img alt="Artist impression of the Kangaroo Point to Ann Street green bridge now under construction in Brisbane." src="https://images.theconversation.com/files/495266/original/file-20221115-26-vliqyk.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&q=45&auto=format&w=754&fit=clip" srcset="https://images.theconversation.com/files/495266/original/file-20221115-26-vliqyk.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&q=45&auto=format&w=600&h=225&fit=crop&dpr=1 600w, https://images.theconversation.com/files/495266/original/file-20221115-26-vliqyk.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&q=30&auto=format&w=600&h=225&fit=crop&dpr=2 1200w, https://images.theconversation.com/files/495266/original/file-20221115-26-vliqyk.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&q=15&auto=format&w=600&h=225&fit=crop&dpr=3 1800w, https://images.theconversation.com/files/495266/original/file-20221115-26-vliqyk.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&q=45&auto=format&w=754&h=283&fit=crop&dpr=1 754w, https://images.theconversation.com/files/495266/original/file-20221115-26-vliqyk.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&q=30&auto=format&w=754&h=283&fit=crop&dpr=2 1508w, https://images.theconversation.com/files/495266/original/file-20221115-26-vliqyk.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&q=15&auto=format&w=754&h=283&fit=crop&dpr=3 2262w" sizes="(min-width: 1466px) 754px, (max-width: 599px) 100vw, (min-width: 600px) 600px, 237px"></a>
<figcaption>
<span class="caption">Artist impression of the green bridge between Kangaroo Point and Ann Street now under construction in Brisbane.</span>
<span class="attribution"><span class="source">Queensland government.</span></span>
</figcaption>
</figure>
<p>The Kangaroo Point green bridge will include a <a href="https://brisbanedevelopment.com/updated-kangaroo-point-green-bridge-design-to-include-bar-restaurant/">restaurant overlooking the botanic gardens</a>. Newstead bridge will join the <a href="https://www.brisbane.qld.gov.au/traffic-and-transport/roads-infrastructure-and-bikeways/green-bridges">1.2km-long Lores Bonney Riverwalk</a>.</p>
<p>These are examples of a new phenomenon in public transport planning – to not merely move people between destinations but also boost their health and enjoyment outdoors.</p>
<p>As Corey Gray, global CEO of the Smart Cities Council, told me at the Smart Cities Council conference:</p>
<blockquote>
<p>Smart cities are not ultimately about data and technology, but improving human systems.</p>
</blockquote>
<hr>
<p>
<em>
<strong>
Read more:
<a href="https://theconversation.com/in-a-year-of-sporting-mega-events-the-brisbane-olympics-can-learn-a-lot-from-the-ones-that-fail-their-host-cities-187838">In a year of sporting mega-events, the Brisbane Olympics can learn a lot from the ones that fail their host cities</a>
</strong>
</em>
</p>
<hr>
<img src="https://counter.theconversation.com/content/193949/count.gif" alt="The Conversation" width="1" height="1" />
<p class="fine-print"><em><span>Davina Jackson does not work for, consult, own shares in or receive funding from any company or organisation that would benefit from this article, and has disclosed no relevant affiliations beyond their academic appointment.</span></em></p>What steps is the state government taking to bring Brisbane closer to being a smart city while managing rapid growth? And what differences can city residents expect to see for themselves?Davina Jackson, Visiting Scholar, Department of Architecture, University of CambridgeLicensed as Creative Commons – attribution, no derivatives.tag:theconversation.com,2011:article/1878382022-08-15T20:03:46Z2022-08-15T20:03:46ZIn a year of sporting mega-events, the Brisbane Olympics can learn a lot from the ones that fail their host cities<figure><img src="https://images.theconversation.com/files/478647/original/file-20220811-21-5amk0v.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&rect=50%2C0%2C5568%2C3692&q=45&auto=format&w=496&fit=clip" /><figcaption><span class="caption">The Brisbane 2032 Olympic organising committee board</span> <span class="attribution"><span class="source">Darren England/AAP</span></span></figcaption></figure><p>In a year of <a href="https://newsmobile.in/articles/2021/12/30/five-major-sporting-events-to-look-forward-to-in-2022/">major sporting events</a> – the Commonwealth Games, the FIFA World Cup, cricket’s T20 World Cup, the Winter Olympics – conversations on greening such events are more essential than ever. While the Brisbane Olympics are a decade away, lessons from events like these need to be applied from the start to maximise the benefits of the city’s transformation for the 2032 Games. Good planning can produce a positive environmental legacy for years to come.</p>
<p>In recent years, the focus on the impacts of such events on host cities, specifically the environmental impacts, has sharpened. As the costs of environmental degradation and climate change mount, Olympic plans must adapt to the host city’s sustainable development or redevelopment, as opposed to the city being developed around the Olympics. </p>
<p>Of course, these considerations are not new. Sustainability has been established as the <a href="https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/101269000035003004#:%7E:text=The%20IOC%20declaration%20that%20environmental,the%20development%20of%20environmental%20protection.">third pillar of the Olympics</a> since the 1990s. </p>
<p><div data-react-class="Tweet" data-react-props="{"tweetId":"1555938245065580545"}"></div></p>
<hr>
<p>
<em>
<strong>
Read more:
<a href="https://theconversation.com/leaner-cost-effective-practical-how-the-2032-brisbane-games-could-save-the-olympics-162606">Leaner, cost-effective, practical: how the 2032 Brisbane Games could save the Olympics</a>
</strong>
</em>
</p>
<hr>
<h2>So what has been achieved so far?</h2>
<p>Past Olympic hosts have tried to reduce their environmental impacts. Whether it’s planting trees to offset carbon emissions, cleaning up rivers, recycling materials to reduce waste, increasing public transport use, or using renewable energy, host cities have been making efforts and claims to be green for years. </p>
<p>And yet behind each host’s proclaimed success lies a multitude of shortcomings.</p>
<p>For example, host cities often need to improve or redevelop their transport systems. Most development projects in the past have been Games-specific rather than focused on improving the city for residents. The priorities are usually in areas most impacted by the event, so often don’t match residents’ ongoing needs.</p>
<p>We saw this in Rio de Janeiro, host of the 2016 Olympics. Projects were constructed in poorly planned locations with limited transport access. Only <a href="https://www.abc.net.au/news/2021-08-07/what-japan-learned-from-olympic-white-elephants/100329488">15 of the original 27 venues</a> hosted some sort of post-Olympics event. Others became deteriorating white elephants.</p>
<p><div data-react-class="Tweet" data-react-props="{"tweetId":"907892332657348608"}"></div></p>
<p>In London, multiple projects such as the Crossrail project were <a href="https://www.sbs.com.au/news/article/analysis-london-2012-infrastructure-legacy-or-a-costly-waste/r4q3kqpsv">postponed</a> before the 2012 Olympics. Residents’ needs were downgraded. </p>
<p>One must also wonder how the Olympics can be environmentally friendly when so many resources are diverted or newly invested in projects dedicated to an event lasting a couple of weeks at most.</p>
<p>Some Games, such as the 2008 Beijing Olympics, did <a href="https://olympics.com/ioc/legacy/beijing-2008/olympic-blue">improve aspects such as air quality</a> that benefited all residents. However, these improvements were short-term, which is typical among host cities. Even for this year’s Beijing Winter Olympics, where organisers used renewable energy, retrofitted venues and <a href="https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-022-00321-1">considered a range of emissions</a>, a more holistic approach would have improved outcomes. </p>
<hr>
<p>
<em>
<strong>
Read more:
<a href="https://theconversation.com/reduce-re-use-recycle-how-the-new-relaxed-olympic-rules-make-brisbanes-2032-bid-affordable-156100">Reduce, re-use, recycle: how the new relaxed Olympic rules make Brisbane’s 2032 bid affordable</a>
</strong>
</em>
</p>
<hr>
<h2>What would a holistic approach look like?</h2>
<p>Host cities haven’t been approaching design, planning and hosting in the most comprehensive and sustainable way. They have tended to focus on the obvious tip-of-the-iceberg environmental impacts. However, many other issues are lurking beneath the surface, with interrelated knock-on effects. </p>
<figure class="align-center zoomable">
<a href="https://images.theconversation.com/files/479056/original/file-20220815-50243-ifj9vd.jpeg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&q=45&auto=format&w=1000&fit=clip"><img alt="Graphic of full range of environnmental impacts of a mega-event – the obvious tip-of-the-iceberg issues and the hidden ones beneath the surface." src="https://images.theconversation.com/files/479056/original/file-20220815-50243-ifj9vd.jpeg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&q=45&auto=format&w=754&fit=clip" srcset="https://images.theconversation.com/files/479056/original/file-20220815-50243-ifj9vd.jpeg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&q=45&auto=format&w=600&h=516&fit=crop&dpr=1 600w, https://images.theconversation.com/files/479056/original/file-20220815-50243-ifj9vd.jpeg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&q=30&auto=format&w=600&h=516&fit=crop&dpr=2 1200w, https://images.theconversation.com/files/479056/original/file-20220815-50243-ifj9vd.jpeg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&q=15&auto=format&w=600&h=516&fit=crop&dpr=3 1800w, https://images.theconversation.com/files/479056/original/file-20220815-50243-ifj9vd.jpeg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&q=45&auto=format&w=754&h=649&fit=crop&dpr=1 754w, https://images.theconversation.com/files/479056/original/file-20220815-50243-ifj9vd.jpeg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&q=30&auto=format&w=754&h=649&fit=crop&dpr=2 1508w, https://images.theconversation.com/files/479056/original/file-20220815-50243-ifj9vd.jpeg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&q=15&auto=format&w=754&h=649&fit=crop&dpr=3 2262w" sizes="(min-width: 1466px) 754px, (max-width: 599px) 100vw, (min-width: 600px) 600px, 237px"></a>
<figcaption>
<span class="caption">Event organisers typically target the obvious environmental issues – the tip of the iceberg – neglecting the hidden impacts.</span>
<span class="attribution"><span class="source">Drawn by Manudi Periyapperuma</span>, <span class="license">Author provided</span></span>
</figcaption>
</figure>
<p>For example, planting trees (as Beijing did) can help offset emissions and establish new habitat. However, it has been <a href="https://www.npr.org/2022/02/19/1081657319/winter-olympics-environmental-impact">reported</a> that the clearing of habitat in Songshan National Nature Reserve to house the National Alpine Ski Centre could affect vulnerable species. Planting trees as offsets does not excuse such irreversible impacts.</p>
<p>To host truly environment-friendly events, cities must consider the whole picture of emissions, resource consumption, waste production, transport links, habitat impacts and more. This requires a <a href="https://mahb.stanford.edu/blog/systems-thinking-can-help-build-sustainable-world-beginning-conversation/">system-thinking approach</a> that considers the life cycle of the product or project. It means planning where construction takes place, which venues can be retrofitted or recycled, what materials are used and where they are sourced. It also means deciding how construction projects will be powered and, ultimately, ensuring the resources invested in projects are not wasted after the event. </p>
<figure class="align-center zoomable">
<a href="https://images.theconversation.com/files/479061/original/file-20220815-56152-g64qfl.png?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&q=45&auto=format&w=1000&fit=clip"><img alt="Graphic comparing traditional thinking based on simple cause and effect and systems thinking, based on a complex web of interactions." src="https://images.theconversation.com/files/479061/original/file-20220815-56152-g64qfl.png?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&q=45&auto=format&w=754&fit=clip" srcset="https://images.theconversation.com/files/479061/original/file-20220815-56152-g64qfl.png?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&q=45&auto=format&w=600&h=235&fit=crop&dpr=1 600w, https://images.theconversation.com/files/479061/original/file-20220815-56152-g64qfl.png?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&q=30&auto=format&w=600&h=235&fit=crop&dpr=2 1200w, https://images.theconversation.com/files/479061/original/file-20220815-56152-g64qfl.png?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&q=15&auto=format&w=600&h=235&fit=crop&dpr=3 1800w, https://images.theconversation.com/files/479061/original/file-20220815-56152-g64qfl.png?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&q=45&auto=format&w=754&h=296&fit=crop&dpr=1 754w, https://images.theconversation.com/files/479061/original/file-20220815-56152-g64qfl.png?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&q=30&auto=format&w=754&h=296&fit=crop&dpr=2 1508w, https://images.theconversation.com/files/479061/original/file-20220815-56152-g64qfl.png?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&q=15&auto=format&w=754&h=296&fit=crop&dpr=3 2262w" sizes="(min-width: 1466px) 754px, (max-width: 599px) 100vw, (min-width: 600px) 600px, 237px"></a>
<figcaption>
<span class="caption">Systems thinking is built on the understanding that every element, aspect or action is part of a constantly evolving web of interactions.</span>
<span class="attribution"><a class="source" href="https://thesolutionsjournal.com/2018/07/08/systems-thinking-can-help-build-sustainable-world-beginning-conversation/">Adapted from M. Seibert (2018)/Solutions</a>, <a class="license" href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">CC BY</a></span>
</figcaption>
</figure>
<p>For the 2000 Olympics, Sydney <a href="https://olympics.com/ioc/legacy/sydney-2000/environmental-efforts">set the standard</a> by:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>using materials with low environmental impacts and minimised waste</p></li>
<li><p>using solar power for venues and Olympic villages</p></li>
<li><p>conducting life-cycle assessments of environmental emissions and resource consumption</p></li>
<li><p>designing infrastructure to <a href="https://library.olympics.com/default/digitalCollection/DigitalCollectionAttachmentDownloadHandler.ashx?parentDocumentId=43227&documentId=166681&skipWatermark=true&skipCopyright=true">maximise energy-efficiency</a> and more. </p></li>
</ul>
<h2>How can Brisbane do better?</h2>
<p>So, how can Brisbane build on <a href="https://olympics.com/ioc/legacy/sydney-2000/sydney-2000-games-of-environmental-responsibility-and-inclusion">Sydney’s success</a>? The detailed planning is still being resolved, but Brisbane’s more holistic approach gives the city a head-start. Its “climate-positive” commitment has <a href="https://www.premiers.qld.gov.au/publications/categories/reports/assets/2032-qld-games-economic-analysis-summary-report-final.pdf">four core principles</a>:</p>
<ol>
<li><p>repurposing and upgrading existing infrastructure</p></li>
<li><p>encouraging residents to change behaviours and be more environmentally conscious</p></li>
<li><p>implementing pollution and waste management incentives</p></li>
<li><p>better transport planning.</p></li>
</ol>
<figure>
<iframe width="440" height="260" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/HqZ4H6fcJ90?wmode=transparent&start=0" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen=""></iframe>
<figcaption><span class="caption">An overview of the Brisbane 2032 master plan.</span></figcaption>
</figure>
<p>The master plan isn’t simply responding to selected environmental issues. Instead, Brisbane is on the path to a climate-positive Games through a combination of:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>integrating public transport services</p></li>
<li><p>strategically locating venues across Queensland – 80% of the venues already exist</p></li>
<li><p>ensuring community needs across the state are met</p></li>
<li><p>investing in innovative solutions such as a sustainable hydrogen industry</p></li>
<li><p>promoting policy and behavioural changes to help solve deep-rooted issues.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>However, Brisbane needs to go further by committing to life-cycle assessments of Olympic projects and following up on promised outcomes over the years.</p>
<hr>
<p>
<em>
<strong>
Read more:
<a href="https://theconversation.com/the-brisbane-olympics-are-a-leap-into-an-unknowable-future-164933">The Brisbane Olympics are a leap into an unknowable future</a>
</strong>
</em>
</p>
<hr>
<p>One shortcoming stands out in particular. Energy consumption and sourcing are not among the core principles for hosting the Olympics. Even if Brisbane were to achieve a zero-emissions event by using renewable energy, that doesn’t cover emissions from the next ten years of construction. And Queensland is still <a href="https://www.qao.qld.gov.au/reports-resources/reports-parliament/managing-queenslands-transition-renewable-energy">a mostly coal-powered state</a>. </p>
<figure class="align-center zoomable">
<a href="https://images.theconversation.com/files/479055/original/file-20220814-59235-gpzhuu.png?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&q=45&auto=format&w=1000&fit=clip"><img alt="Pie charts showing sources of energy generated in Queensland and breakdown of renewable generation." src="https://images.theconversation.com/files/479055/original/file-20220814-59235-gpzhuu.png?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&q=45&auto=format&w=754&fit=clip" srcset="https://images.theconversation.com/files/479055/original/file-20220814-59235-gpzhuu.png?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&q=45&auto=format&w=600&h=282&fit=crop&dpr=1 600w, https://images.theconversation.com/files/479055/original/file-20220814-59235-gpzhuu.png?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&q=30&auto=format&w=600&h=282&fit=crop&dpr=2 1200w, https://images.theconversation.com/files/479055/original/file-20220814-59235-gpzhuu.png?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&q=15&auto=format&w=600&h=282&fit=crop&dpr=3 1800w, https://images.theconversation.com/files/479055/original/file-20220814-59235-gpzhuu.png?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&q=45&auto=format&w=754&h=355&fit=crop&dpr=1 754w, https://images.theconversation.com/files/479055/original/file-20220814-59235-gpzhuu.png?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&q=30&auto=format&w=754&h=355&fit=crop&dpr=2 1508w, https://images.theconversation.com/files/479055/original/file-20220814-59235-gpzhuu.png?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&q=15&auto=format&w=754&h=355&fit=crop&dpr=3 2262w" sizes="(min-width: 1466px) 754px, (max-width: 599px) 100vw, (min-width: 600px) 600px, 237px"></a>
<figcaption>
<span class="caption">More than 80% of energy generated in Queensland in 2020–21 was from fossil fuels.</span>
<span class="attribution"><a class="source" href="https://www.qao.qld.gov.au/reports-resources/reports-parliament/managing-queenslands-transition-renewable-energy#h2-4">Source: Queensland Audit Office analysis</a>, <a class="license" href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">CC BY</a></span>
</figcaption>
</figure>
<p>Brisbane is treating the Olympic Games as a platform for urban development that can transform how we travel, integrate multiple urban centres across South-East Queensland, and result in lasting changes to policies and behaviours. These goals stem from the importance of leaving a climate-positive legacy that will last.</p>
<hr>
<p><em>This article would not have been possible without the research assistance of Manudi Periyapperuma and the funding support of UQ’s 2022 Global Change Youth Research Program.</em></p><img src="https://counter.theconversation.com/content/187838/count.gif" alt="The Conversation" width="1" height="1" />
<p class="fine-print"><em><span>Anthony Halog does not work for, consult, own shares in or receive funding from any company or organisation that would benefit from this article, and has disclosed no relevant affiliations beyond their academic appointment.</span></em></p>Planning has begun for the 2032 Brisbane Olympics and already it’s clear the city has learned from the mistakes of other hosts, but its plans to be truly sustainable have one glaring weak point.Anthony Halog, Lecturer/Research Group Leader in Industrial Ecology and Circular Economy, The University of QueenslandLicensed as Creative Commons – attribution, no derivatives.tag:theconversation.com,2011:article/1649332021-07-22T20:06:50Z2021-07-22T20:06:50ZThe Brisbane Olympics are a leap into an unknowable future<figure><img src="https://images.theconversation.com/files/412571/original/file-20210722-17-5inq8z.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&rect=958%2C377%2C1964%2C1173&q=45&auto=format&w=496&fit=clip" /><figcaption><span class="caption">
</span> <span class="attribution"><span class="source">Toru Hanai/AP</span></span></figcaption></figure><p>There’ll be two types of Australian high jump in Tokyo this month. The first, most likely scripted, was Queensland Premier Annastacia Palaszczuk’s front row leap after Brisbane was awarded the right to host the 2032 Olympics.</p>
<p>The second will be in response to Australia winning any medals.</p>
<p>Palaszczuk’s leap is also a plunge into an uncertain future.</p>
<p>For the next 11 years there will be much debate about whether it’s worth it.</p>
<p>As this will be the 35th Olympiad, there is a lot we already know. Most Olympics cost a lot more than planned, and most lose money. </p>
<p>An <a href="https://www.researchgate.net/publication/344409066_Regression_to_the_Tail_Why_the_Olympics_Blow_Up">Oxford University</a> study found the Olympics is the world’s most expensive mega event, with hosts’ sports-related costs averaging US$12 billion and non-sports-related costs usually several times greater.</p>
<h2>Most games cost more than planned</h2>
<p>The researchers found that every Summer and Winter Olympics since 1960 has run “over budget, at an average of 172% in real terms, the highest overrun on record for any type of megaproject”. </p>
<hr>
<p><strong>Cost overruns at the Summer Olympics since 1976</strong></p>
<figure class="align-center zoomable">
<a href="https://images.theconversation.com/files/412628/original/file-20210722-23-m2bg2w.png?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&q=45&auto=format&w=1000&fit=clip"><img alt="" src="https://images.theconversation.com/files/412628/original/file-20210722-23-m2bg2w.png?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&q=45&auto=format&w=754&fit=clip" srcset="https://images.theconversation.com/files/412628/original/file-20210722-23-m2bg2w.png?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&q=45&auto=format&w=600&h=217&fit=crop&dpr=1 600w, https://images.theconversation.com/files/412628/original/file-20210722-23-m2bg2w.png?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&q=30&auto=format&w=600&h=217&fit=crop&dpr=2 1200w, https://images.theconversation.com/files/412628/original/file-20210722-23-m2bg2w.png?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&q=15&auto=format&w=600&h=217&fit=crop&dpr=3 1800w, https://images.theconversation.com/files/412628/original/file-20210722-23-m2bg2w.png?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&q=45&auto=format&w=754&h=272&fit=crop&dpr=1 754w, https://images.theconversation.com/files/412628/original/file-20210722-23-m2bg2w.png?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&q=30&auto=format&w=754&h=272&fit=crop&dpr=2 1508w, https://images.theconversation.com/files/412628/original/file-20210722-23-m2bg2w.png?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&q=15&auto=format&w=754&h=272&fit=crop&dpr=3 2262w" sizes="(min-width: 1466px) 754px, (max-width: 599px) 100vw, (min-width: 600px) 600px, 237px"></a>
<figcaption>
<span class="caption"></span>
<span class="attribution"><a class="source" href="https://www.researchgate.net/publication/344409066_Regression_to_the_Tail_Why_the_Olympics_Blow_Up">Regression to the Tail: Why the Olympics Blow Up, Oxford University 2020</a></span>
</figcaption>
</figure>
<hr>
<p>That average will climb after the staggering losses of Tokyo 2020-21.</p>
<p>The Sydney Olympics may cast a nostalgic glow, but it didn’t produce the promised ongoing tourist bonanza or long-lasting infrastructure. </p>
<p>Some 17 years after the games NSW Premier Gladys Berejiklian flirted with the idea of <a href="https://architectureau.com/articles/sydney-olympic-stadium-saved-sydney-football-stadium-still-faces-wrecking-ball/">demolishing</a> its purpose-built stadium.</p>
<p>Hosting the Olympics and Paralympics became such a loss-making proposition it severely reduced competition among bidding cities, leading the International Olympic Committee to award two games at once in 2017, handing the 2024 games to Paris and the 2028 games to Los Angeles. </p>
<p>It dealt with Brisbane on the understanding there would be little competition.</p>
<figure class="align-right zoomable">
<a href="https://images.theconversation.com/files/412634/original/file-20210722-15-1umh1x4.png?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&q=45&auto=format&w=1000&fit=clip"><img alt="" src="https://images.theconversation.com/files/412634/original/file-20210722-15-1umh1x4.png?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&q=45&auto=format&w=237&fit=clip" srcset="https://images.theconversation.com/files/412634/original/file-20210722-15-1umh1x4.png?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&q=45&auto=format&w=600&h=847&fit=crop&dpr=1 600w, https://images.theconversation.com/files/412634/original/file-20210722-15-1umh1x4.png?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&q=30&auto=format&w=600&h=847&fit=crop&dpr=2 1200w, https://images.theconversation.com/files/412634/original/file-20210722-15-1umh1x4.png?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&q=15&auto=format&w=600&h=847&fit=crop&dpr=3 1800w, https://images.theconversation.com/files/412634/original/file-20210722-15-1umh1x4.png?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&q=45&auto=format&w=754&h=1065&fit=crop&dpr=1 754w, https://images.theconversation.com/files/412634/original/file-20210722-15-1umh1x4.png?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&q=30&auto=format&w=754&h=1065&fit=crop&dpr=2 1508w, https://images.theconversation.com/files/412634/original/file-20210722-15-1umh1x4.png?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&q=15&auto=format&w=754&h=1065&fit=crop&dpr=3 2262w" sizes="(min-width: 1466px) 754px, (max-width: 599px) 100vw, (min-width: 600px) 600px, 237px"></a>
<figcaption>
<span class="caption"></span>
<span class="attribution"><a class="source" href="https://www.premiers.qld.gov.au/publications/categories/reports/assets/2032-qld-games-economic-analysis-summary-report-final.pdf">The Brisbane study claimed 'intangible benefits'.</a></span>
</figcaption>
</figure>
<p>With economic benefits from hosting games hard to find, backers and consultants point to “intangible benefits”, among them community spirit, civic pride, increased physical activity and volunteering, and better mental health, all claims made in the <a href="https://www.premiers.qld.gov.au/publications/categories/reports/assets/2032-qld-games-economic-analysis-summary-report-final.pdf">study</a> conducted for the Brisbane games.</p>
<h2>‘Intangible’ benefits</h2>
<p>But just as most Olympics don’t make money, few produce a sustained increase in participation in sport, of the Olympic kind or any other. </p>
<p>Many people do indeed enjoy being in the Olympic host city during the event itself.</p>
<p>Sydney 2000 and London 2012 were party central in my experience. </p>
<p>They became urban carnivals in which strangers conversed unsuspiciously on public transport and in the streets. Even inveterate sceptics indulged in pantomime flag waving. </p>
<p>But Olympic colour and noise can be deceptive.</p>
<hr>
<p>
<em>
<strong>
Read more:
<a href="https://theconversation.com/leaner-cost-effective-practical-how-the-2032-brisbane-games-could-save-the-olympics-162606">Leaner, cost-effective, practical: how the 2032 Brisbane Games could save the Olympics</a>
</strong>
</em>
</p>
<hr>
<p>While sport is an important part of popular culture, a large part of the population abhors or is indifferent to it. Research I conducted with colleagues during the Sydney Olympics revealed a wide variation in perspectives across Australia.</p>
<p>Many around the world think the Olympics are elitist and divisive, disrupting communities for the benefit of the born-to-rule Olympic family and well-heeled rusted-on fans.</p>
<p>There is already some local opposition to the 2032 games in South East Queensland and many citizens need to be convinced of their worth.</p>
<h2>The South East Queensland games</h2>
<p>Every Olympics, we are told by hosts and sympathisers, will be different and better. It is always said that lessons have been learnt, in this case that Brisbane will remain within budget. Existing venues (some built for the 2018 Commonwealth Games) will be used wherever possible.</p>
<p>The new facilities that are built are intended to be productive and viable, rather than white elephants. Despite its name this will be a regional rather than city-based event, claiming to spread its legacy benefits along Olympic-enhanced transport corridors. </p>
<hr>
<p>
<em>
<strong>
Read more:
<a href="https://theconversation.com/reduce-re-use-recycle-how-the-new-relaxed-olympic-rules-make-brisbanes-2032-bid-affordable-156100">Reduce, re-use, recycle: how the new relaxed Olympic rules make Brisbane’s 2032 bid affordable</a>
</strong>
</em>
</p>
<hr>
<p>History suggests much of this will be wishful thinking. A major part of the aim is to recast Brisbane as an international city able to hold its own alongside Australia’s current Olympic cities, Melbourne and Sydney. </p>
<p>Brisbane 2032 will show a lot of people a good time. But questions of its legacy, good and bad, will take decades to resolve.</p><img src="https://counter.theconversation.com/content/164933/count.gif" alt="The Conversation" width="1" height="1" />
<p class="fine-print"><em><span>David Rowe has previously received funding from the Australian Research Council for several projects concerned with sport, culture and the media. </span></em></p>As with every Olympics, we are told Brisbane’s will be different and better. It’ll take decades to get a full accounting.David Rowe, Emeritus Professor of Cultural Research, Institute for Culture and Society, Western Sydney UniversityLicensed as Creative Commons – attribution, no derivatives.tag:theconversation.com,2011:article/1626062021-06-20T20:19:10Z2021-06-20T20:19:10ZLeaner, cost-effective, practical: how the 2032 Brisbane Games could save the Olympics<p>Though the official vote won’t happen until next month, Brisbane has already unofficially <a href="https://www.abc.net.au/news/2021-06-11/ioc-proposes-brisbane-to-host-2032-olympics/100207066">been awarded the hosting</a> of the 2032 Summer Olympics. </p>
<p>This is potentially a great opportunity for Brisbane, Queensland and Australia. It will also be a catalyst to speed up long-term planning agendas for the fast-growing South East Queensland (SEQ) region.</p>
<p>In the past, Olympic Games have resulted in soaring budgets — Tokyo’s <a href="https://www.insidethegames.biz/articles/1102308/tokyo-2020-reveal-version-five-budget">US$15.4 billion budget</a> being the latest example — and infrastructure that has lain unused after the 16-day event is over. This has led to justified criticism the Olympics are <a href="https://www.sbs.ox.ac.uk/oxford-answers/time-scrap-olympics">not the jewel in the crown</a> they were once considered. </p>
<p>For many past host cities, the games have not been a boon, but a drag. Greeks, for instance, have questioned how their country benefited from hosting the 2004 Summer Olympics, which left the country in <a href="https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2012-08-02/how-the-2004-olympics-triggered-greeces-decline">crippling debt</a> and with many venues <a href="https://www.theguardian.com/sport/gallery/2014/aug/13/abandoned-athens-olympic-2004-venues-10-years-on-in-pictures">abandoned and in disrepair</a>. As these <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com.au/abandoned-olympic-venues-around-the-world-photos-rio-2016-8?r=US&IR=T">photos show</a>, they are hardly the only ones.</p>
<p>So, what will make Brisbane 2032 different?</p>
<figure class="align-center ">
<img alt="" src="https://images.theconversation.com/files/407166/original/file-20210618-18-p1odpt.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&q=45&auto=format&w=754&fit=clip" srcset="https://images.theconversation.com/files/407166/original/file-20210618-18-p1odpt.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&q=45&auto=format&w=600&h=391&fit=crop&dpr=1 600w, https://images.theconversation.com/files/407166/original/file-20210618-18-p1odpt.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&q=30&auto=format&w=600&h=391&fit=crop&dpr=2 1200w, https://images.theconversation.com/files/407166/original/file-20210618-18-p1odpt.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&q=15&auto=format&w=600&h=391&fit=crop&dpr=3 1800w, https://images.theconversation.com/files/407166/original/file-20210618-18-p1odpt.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&q=45&auto=format&w=754&h=491&fit=crop&dpr=1 754w, https://images.theconversation.com/files/407166/original/file-20210618-18-p1odpt.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&q=30&auto=format&w=754&h=491&fit=crop&dpr=2 1508w, https://images.theconversation.com/files/407166/original/file-20210618-18-p1odpt.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&q=15&auto=format&w=754&h=491&fit=crop&dpr=3 2262w" sizes="(min-width: 1466px) 754px, (max-width: 599px) 100vw, (min-width: 600px) 600px, 237px">
<figcaption>
<span class="caption">The Olympic swimming pool and velodrome of the Athens Olympic complex, 10 years after the games.</span>
<span class="attribution"><span class="source">Thanassis Stavrakis/AP</span></span>
</figcaption>
</figure>
<h2>Temporary venues and a more dispersed games</h2>
<p>First, the International Olympic Committee has introduced a more flexible and efficient approach to hosting, which it calls the “<a href="https://olympics.com/ioc/news/the-new-norm-it-s-a-games-changer">new norm</a>”. </p>
<p>In short, this means host cities will need fewer new venues, a smaller athletes’ village and less Olympics-specific infrastructure overall. Temporary, flexible venues will be allowed for the first time, and venues can be shared by multiple sports. Athletes will also fly in just for their competitions and leave when they are over.</p>
<p>This new approach has been key to making Brisbane’s bid affordable. The operating cost for the Brisbane Olympic and Paralympic Games is projected to be a modest <a href="https://theconversation.com/reduce-re-use-recycle-how-the-new-relaxed-olympic-rules-make-brisbanes-2032-bid-affordable-156100">A$4.5 billion (US$3.4 billion)</a>, which is less than a third of Tokyo’s budget and the <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2012/03/28/sports/before-the-london-games-the-grumbling-about-money.html">US$15 billion final cost of the London 2012 Games</a> and <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-olympics-brazil-cost-idUSKBN19539C">US$13.2 billion cost of the Rio 2016 Games</a>.</p>
<p><div data-react-class="Tweet" data-react-props="{"tweetId":"892017930891927553"}"></div></p>
<p>Second, the plans for the Brisbane Olympics and Paralympics are strongly grounded in <a href="https://stillmed.olympics.com/media/Documents/International-Olympic-Committee/Commissions/Future-host-commission/The-Games-of-The-Olympiad/2032-Games-Economic-Analysis-Summary-Report.pdf?_ga=2.137907831.672462490.1623341765-1084266659.1621838810">existing development plans for the city</a>. </p>
<p>Unlike host cities in the past, these Olympics will not be the sole reason for new development projects. Instead, they will be the catalyst for bringing forward current infrastructure and urban development plans. Around <a href="https://stillmed.olympics.com/media/Documents/International-Olympic-Committee/Commissions/Future-host-commission/The-Games-of-The-Olympiad/2032-Games-Economic-Analysis-Summary-Report.pdf?_ga=2.137907831.672462490.1623341765-1084266659.1621838810">$400 million in road network improvements and $23 million in transport upgrades</a>, for example, will be fast-tracked thanks to the successful Olympics bid.</p>
<hr>
<p>
<em>
<strong>
Read more:
<a href="https://theconversation.com/reduce-re-use-recycle-how-the-new-relaxed-olympic-rules-make-brisbanes-2032-bid-affordable-156100">Reduce, re-use, recycle: how the new relaxed Olympic rules make Brisbane’s 2032 bid affordable</a>
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</em>
</p>
<hr>
<p>This mirrors the oft-cited “<a href="https://www.barcelona-metropolitan.com/features/6-ways-the-1992-olympics-transformed-barcelon/">Barcelona model</a>”, based on the Spanish city’s use of the 1992 Olympics to underpin a long-term, city-wide improvement plan. Studies argue such “event-themed” regeneration is linked with more <a href="https://www.routledge.com/Events-and-Sustainability/Holmes-Hughes-Mair-Carlsen/p/book/9780415744508">positive legacy outcomes</a>. </p>
<p><div data-react-class="Tweet" data-react-props="{"tweetId":"978331023116259329"}"></div></p>
<p>Third, the 2032 Games will be the first to represent a regionally spread-out hub-and-spoke model. This model aims to disperse the benefits of hosting beyond Brisbane, with permanent venues planned across the SEQ region, including the Gold and Sunshine Coasts, Redland Bay, Ipswich, Toowoomba and the Scenic Rim. </p>
<p>The model also includes <a href="https://www.abc.net.au/news/2021-06-14/brisbane-olympics-village-proposed-for-robina/100211106">three proposed Olympic villages</a> to provide easy access to these venues. </p>
<figure class="align-center ">
<img alt="" src="https://images.theconversation.com/files/407167/original/file-20210618-22-1ubvw8t.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&q=45&auto=format&w=754&fit=clip" srcset="https://images.theconversation.com/files/407167/original/file-20210618-22-1ubvw8t.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&q=45&auto=format&w=600&h=519&fit=crop&dpr=1 600w, https://images.theconversation.com/files/407167/original/file-20210618-22-1ubvw8t.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&q=30&auto=format&w=600&h=519&fit=crop&dpr=2 1200w, https://images.theconversation.com/files/407167/original/file-20210618-22-1ubvw8t.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&q=15&auto=format&w=600&h=519&fit=crop&dpr=3 1800w, https://images.theconversation.com/files/407167/original/file-20210618-22-1ubvw8t.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&q=45&auto=format&w=754&h=653&fit=crop&dpr=1 754w, https://images.theconversation.com/files/407167/original/file-20210618-22-1ubvw8t.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&q=30&auto=format&w=754&h=653&fit=crop&dpr=2 1508w, https://images.theconversation.com/files/407167/original/file-20210618-22-1ubvw8t.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&q=15&auto=format&w=754&h=653&fit=crop&dpr=3 2262w" sizes="(min-width: 1466px) 754px, (max-width: 599px) 100vw, (min-width: 600px) 600px, 237px">
<figcaption>
<span class="caption">The master plan for Olympic venue placement and construction.</span>
<span class="attribution"><span class="source">2032 SEQ Olympic and Paralympic Feasibility Study</span></span>
</figcaption>
</figure>
<p>These dispersed venues will be legacy project. An example is the <a href="https://www.austadiums.com/news/921/brisbane-2032-olympic-games-venues-revealed">Albion Precinct</a>, where a proposed new stadium could be built to host the athletics in conjunction with <a href="https://www.broadsheet.com.au/brisbane/food-and-drink/article/coming-soon-enormous-2600-square-metre-food-and-lifestyle-precinct-albion">existing plans for a food and lifestyle hub</a>. There will also be temporary facilities to host training camps and preliminary events. </p>
<p>One of the main challenges for the Olympic organisers and governments at all levels will be delivering on major, costly transport infrastructure. This will be needed to link the various event sites and transport visitors, athletes and their support crews, and the media without a glitch. </p>
<p>An <a href="https://seqmayors.qld.gov.au/documents/sp4dv2zdezomPjqhxWEm">early feasibility study</a> suggested the hub-and-spoke model would allow for a 45-minute travel region, with every venue within 45 minutes of Brisbane. The current projected costs for the SEQ portion of the rail link are A$5.3 billion (US$4 billion), although the proposal will need some rethinking as it has been <a href="https://www.brisbanetimes.com.au/national/queensland/olympics-bid-team-not-deterred-by-rejection-of-5-3b-fast-rail-plan-for-seq-20210319-p57ceg.html">rejected</a> by Infrastructure Australia as being too costly.</p>
<h2>Long-term social and environmental planning</h2>
<p>Lastly, the social and environmental aspects of hosting the Olympics are front and centre of the Brisbane bid. <a href="https://stillmed.olympics.com/media/Documents/International-Olympic-Committee/Commissions/Future-host-commission/The-Games-of-The-Olympiad/2032-Games-Economic-Analysis-Summary-Report.pdf?_ga=2.137907831.672462490.1623341765-1084266659.1621838810">Research by KPMG and The University of Queensland</a> shows a projected economic and social benefit of $17.61 billion for Australia overall and $8.1 billion for Queensland alone.</p>
<p>The “social benefits” are measured in a variety of ways. For residents, the prestige of hosting the games and resulting civic pride should lead to enhanced community spirit. The Olympics can also be used to boost people’s health and well-being by encouraging increased participation in physical activity. This could lead to a lower risk of chronic disease and improved mental health. </p>
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Read more:
<a href="https://theconversation.com/under-pressure-on-the-olympics-japans-prime-minister-is-saying-little-and-hoping-for-a-political-lifesaver-161740">Under pressure on the Olympics, Japan's prime minister is saying little and hoping for a political lifesaver</a>
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<p>Finally, the benefits of volunteering, both for the volunteers themselves and the wider community, are <a href="https://bcec.edu.au/media/more-than-50-of-rural-west-australians-are-volunteers/">well documented</a>. Volunteer numbers in Australia have been in <a href="https://theconversation.com/loss-of-two-thirds-of-volunteers-delivers-another-covid-blow-to-communities-159327">decline since COVID hit</a>. </p>
<p>This could be a great way to kick-start a new drive to encourage people to volunteer, although there are questions about whether <a href="https://theconversation.com/volunteering-at-the-olympics-is-a-thrill-but-will-it-last-8335">volunteer participation for such mega-events has long-term benefits</a>.</p>
<p>With regard to the environment, the Olympics are often associated with a large carbon footprint. Brisbane’s bid document, however, highlights long-term measures to reduce waste and pollution. These include <a href="https://www.qld.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0022/113368/plastic-pollution-reduction-plan.pdf">Queensland’s plastic pollution reduction plan</a>, as well as the expanded use of public transport to reduce traffic congestion and emissions.</p>
<figure class="align-center ">
<img alt="" src="https://images.theconversation.com/files/407168/original/file-20210618-19-x5h8su.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&q=45&auto=format&w=754&fit=clip" srcset="https://images.theconversation.com/files/407168/original/file-20210618-19-x5h8su.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&q=45&auto=format&w=600&h=400&fit=crop&dpr=1 600w, https://images.theconversation.com/files/407168/original/file-20210618-19-x5h8su.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&q=30&auto=format&w=600&h=400&fit=crop&dpr=2 1200w, https://images.theconversation.com/files/407168/original/file-20210618-19-x5h8su.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&q=15&auto=format&w=600&h=400&fit=crop&dpr=3 1800w, https://images.theconversation.com/files/407168/original/file-20210618-19-x5h8su.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&q=45&auto=format&w=754&h=503&fit=crop&dpr=1 754w, https://images.theconversation.com/files/407168/original/file-20210618-19-x5h8su.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&q=30&auto=format&w=754&h=503&fit=crop&dpr=2 1508w, https://images.theconversation.com/files/407168/original/file-20210618-19-x5h8su.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&q=15&auto=format&w=754&h=503&fit=crop&dpr=3 2262w" sizes="(min-width: 1466px) 754px, (max-width: 599px) 100vw, (min-width: 600px) 600px, 237px">
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<span class="caption">Training begins for Tokyo Olympic volunteers this month.</span>
<span class="attribution"><span class="source">KYDPL KYODO/AP</span></span>
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<h2>Why legacy planning matters</h2>
<p>However, none of this happens without significant advance planning. Intangible legacy planning, such as promoting sports to the public and volunteer participation, needs specific attention and should begin as soon as hosting rights are awarded. </p>
<p>Legacy planning should also come under the remit of a distinct body from the Olympic organising committee. This is needed so that <a href="https://library.olympics.com/Default/doc/SYRACUSE/165803/evaluating-the-volunteering-infrastructure-legacy-of-the-olympic-games-sydney-2000-and-london-2012-l?_lg=fr-FR">legacy planning is not subsumed</a> by the immediate work of event planning and delivery. </p>
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Read more:
<a href="https://theconversation.com/as-the-pyeongchang-olympics-comes-to-a-close-what-legacy-will-it-leave-92269">As the Pyeongchang Olympics comes to a close, what legacy will it leave?</a>
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<p>Additionally, the Olympic organising committees typically disband soon after the games and the staff move on to other (often international) events. The legacy body and its budget need to continue to deliver long after the event concludes. </p>
<p>Such a model has yet to be widely adopted by host cities. London 2012 was widely recognised as the first Olympic Games of the so-called “legacy era”. However, it was criticised for leaving its legacy planning too late to be fully effective.</p>
<p>The 2032 Brisbane Games have the opportunity to showcase a new and improved model of Olympic hosting. The new “Brisbane model” for Olympic hosting could be one the IOC and future host cities will praise and seek to replicate.</p><img src="https://counter.theconversation.com/content/162606/count.gif" alt="The Conversation" width="1" height="1" />
<p class="fine-print"><em><span>Kirsten Holmes receives funding from The Olympic Studies Centre Advanced Olympic Research Grant Program. </span></em></p><p class="fine-print"><em><span>Judith Mair receives funding from The Olympic Studies Centre Advanced Olympic Research Grant Program.</span></em></p><p class="fine-print"><em><span>Leonie Lockstone-Binney receives funding from The Olympic Studies Centre Advanced Olympic Research Grant Program.</span></em></p>Brisbane has the opportunity to create a new model for the Olympics: fewer permanent venues, less attention on one city and (hopefully) a more positive and less costly legacy.Kirsten Holmes, Professor, School of Management and Marketing, Curtin UniversityJudith Mair, Associate Professor, The University of QueenslandLeonie Lockstone-Binney, Associate Professor, Griffith UniversityLicensed as Creative Commons – attribution, no derivatives.tag:theconversation.com,2011:article/1611922021-05-19T07:38:57Z2021-05-19T07:38:57ZPolitics with Michelle Grattan: Richard Colbeck on aged care and the Olympics<p>In last week’s budget, $17.7 billion was allocated to the aged care sector, in response to the damning findings of the Royal Commission into Aged Care Quality & Safety. </p>
<p>The commission’s final report painted a grim picture of a sector in need of sweeping overhaul - with people in residential care requiring a more supportive – and in some cases safer - environment, and people at home desperately short of enough care packages. </p>
<p>The government’s response includes an additional 80,000 homecare packages, funding for better staffing (including a mandate of 200 minutes of care for each resident, each day), and a commitment to a new aged care act.</p>
<p>Richard Colbeck, Minister for Senior Australians and Aged Care Services, as well as Minister for Sport, joins the podcast to discuss aged care policy, and the coming Olympics.</p>
<p>One big question in aged care, which hasn’t been tackled, is whether wealthier people should contribute more to funding their costs. Colbeck says “we’ve had a really close look at that” and “there’s probably more work to do in that space”.</p>
<p>“But I think there’s broad acceptance that where people can afford to make a contribution to support them as they age, they should do so. We’ll continue to consider that.”</p>
<p>The Tokyo Summer Olympics, originally slated for 2020 but now due to commence in July, have attracted considerable criticism given the state of coronavirus in Japan. Only recently the nation’s lockdown was extended, with new cases in the thousands being reported daily, and there are strong calls for the games to be abandoned. </p>
<p>Colbeck concedes “there will be COVID” at the Olympics. But the International Olympic Committee has “made arrangements” for any athlete or official who contracts the virus. He also described the work of the medical team at the Australian Institute of Sport as “world-leading”.</p>
<p><a href="https://itunes.apple.com/au/podcast/politics-with-michelle-grattan/id703425900?mt=2"><img src="https://images.theconversation.com/files/233721/original/file-20180827-75984-1gfuvlr.png" alt="Listen on Apple Podcasts" width="268" height="68"></a> <a href="https://www.google.com/podcasts?feed=aHR0cHM6Ly90aGVjb252ZXJzYXRpb24uY29tL2F1L3BvZGNhc3RzL3BvbGl0aWNzLXdpdGgtbWljaGVsbGUtZ3JhdHRhbi5yc3M"><img src="https://images.theconversation.com/files/233720/original/file-20180827-75978-3mdxcf.png" alt="" width="268" height="68"></a></p>
<p><a href="https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/the-conversation-4/politics-with-michelle-grattan"><img src="https://images.theconversation.com/files/233716/original/file-20180827-75981-pdp50i.png" alt="Stitcher" width="300" height="88"></a> <a href="https://tunein.com/podcasts/News--Politics-Podcasts/Politics-with-Michelle-Grattan-p227852/"><img src="https://images.theconversation.com/files/233723/original/file-20180827-75984-f0y2gb.png" alt="Listen on TuneIn" width="318" height="125"></a></p>
<p><a href="https://radiopublic.com/politics-with-michelle-grattan-WRElBZ"><img class="alignnone size-medium wp-image-152" src="https://images.theconversation.com/files/233717/original/file-20180827-75990-86y5tg.png?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&q=45&auto=format&w=268&fit=clip" alt="Listen on RadioPublic" width="268" height="87"></a> <a href="https://open.spotify.com/show/5NkaSQoUERalaLBQAqUOcC"><img src="https://images.theconversation.com/files/237984/original/file-20180925-149976-1ks72uy.png?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&q=45&auto=format&w=268&fit=clip" width="268" height="82"></a> </p>
<h2>Additional audio</h2>
<p><a href="http://freemusicarchive.org/music/Lee_Rosevere/The_Big_Loop_-_FML_original_podcast_score/Lee_Rosevere_-_The_Big_Loop_-_FML_original_podcast_score_-_10_A_List_of_Ways_to_Die">A List of Ways to Die</a>, Lee Rosevere, from Free Music Archive.</p><img src="https://counter.theconversation.com/content/161192/count.gif" alt="The Conversation" width="1" height="1" />
<p class="fine-print"><em><span>Michelle Grattan does not work for, consult, own shares in or receive funding from any company or organisation that would benefit from this article, and has disclosed no relevant affiliations beyond their academic appointment.</span></em></p>Michelle Grattan discusses the aged sector, in particular its funding, and the Tokyo Olympics with Senator Richard ColbeckMichelle Grattan, Professorial Fellow, University of CanberraLicensed as Creative Commons – attribution, no derivatives.