The brown mussel has retracted its range in South Africa due to decreasing seawater temperatures.
Olga Ernst/ Wikimedia Commons
A changing climate will make it difficult to anticipate and prevent invasions.
Dipolydora capensis is an indigenous polychaete that is a found on farmed and wild abalone, but it is not a serious pest.
Carol Simon
Correctly identifying species is essential for effective management and conservation.
Growth in the port industry is expected to continue, and will intensify the adverse environmental effects on marine ecosystems and coastal communities.
(Shutterstock)
Marine shipping generates about three per cent of global greenhouse gas emissions, and port activities can add to local pollution. Ports are now taking action to reduce their environmental impacts.