There are two approved monkeypox vaccines in the US. Both use a related poxvirus called vaccinia to produce an immune response that protects against smallpox and monkeypox.
Most cases in the current global outbreak are occurring among men who have sex with men. So how can this group and others who are at risk protect themselves?
Smallpox vaccines are effective against monkeypox.
James Gathany/CDC
The new name for monkeypox must be aligned with best practices in naming of infectious diseases to avoid the uninformed negative narrative that associates diseases with regions.
Magnified and colourized monkeypox virus particles. Since early May, over 550 confirmed cases of human infection with monkeypox virus have been reported in 30 countries.
(NIAID)
Recent outbreaks have drawn attention to monkeypox. Get answers to common questions about this relative of the smallpox virus, including transmission, symptoms and effectiveness of smallpox vaccine.
Smallpox vaccines are effective against monkeypox.
Cristian Storto / Alamy Stock Photo
Some of the omicron variant’s unique properties – such as its ability to spread rapidly while causing milder COVID-19 infections – could usher in a new phase of the pandemic.
R. Cleveley. View in Port Jackson.
Dixson Library, State Library of New South Wales.
Dixson Library, State Library of New South Wales
New Year’s Eve is the anniversary of the British invaders’ first kidnapping of a First Nations person in Australia. This kidnapping led to a devastating smallpox outbreak.
Most children today receive the chickenpox vaccine as a routine part of childhood immunizations.
Solidcolours/E+ via Getty Images
Chickenpox has largely disappeared from the public’s memory thanks to a highly effective vaccine. But the virus’s clever life cycle allows it to reappear in later adulthood in the form of shingles.
Children and parents lined up for polio vaccines outside a Syracuse, New York school in 1961.
AP Photo
Public health experts know that schools are likely sites for the spread of disease, and laws tying school attendance to vaccination go back to the 1800s.
Protests against mandates and quarantines get the Founding Fathers’ ideas wrong.
George Rose/Getty Images
The Founding Fathers were unrelenting in their commitment to the idea that circumstances can arise that require public officials to take actions abridging individual freedoms.
The first reading of the Declaration of Independence in Boston, July 18, 1776.
Tichnor Brothers Collection, Boston Public Library via Digital Commonwealth
In the summer of 1776, Boston offered smallpox inoculation to everyone and required those who declined to leave town or stay in their homes.
Edward Jenner vaccinating his son, held by Mrs Jenner; a maid rolls up her sleeve, a man stands outside holding a cow. Coloured engraving by C. Manigaud after E Hamman. The Wellcome Collection.
The major problem in Britain and elsewhere was complacency. The early success in suppressing smallpox, and indeed eliminating it in some places, led parents to neglect vaccination.
Visionary: Lady Mary Wortley Montagu.
Jean-Étienne Liotard/Wikimedia Commons
Director of the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Health Protection Research Unit in Emerging and Zoonotic Infections, and Professor of Neurology, University of Liverpool, University of Liverpool