Jose Caballero, International Institute for Management Development (IMD)
Russia has looked for new trading partners as sanctions bite, but also suffered a brain drain.
Photograph of historic town of Ani, declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 2016, one of the few cultural enclaves of Armenian origin in Turkey that has not been destroyed.
F. Camacho Padilla
Azerbaijan’s cultural genocide against Armenian heritage sites has long been overlooked by the international community.
A convoy of cars of ethnic Armenians from Nagorno-Karabakh flee the enclave for Armenia in September 2023 after the Azerbaijani military reclaimed full control of the breakaway region.
(AP Photo/Vasily Krestyaninov)
The collapse of the self-proclaimed republic ushers in a new reality in the South Caucasus. For Armenia, the first concern is how to accommodate the needs of 100,000-plus refugees.
Soldiers inspect lorries and cars as ethnic Armenians flee across the border from Azerbaijan.
EPA-EFE/Anatoly Maltsev
If Azerbaijan is not punished for its aggression against Nagorno-Karabakh, there’s every chance it will try to capture more Armenian territory.
Keeping up morale: Nato secretary general, Jens Stoltenberg, with Ukrainian president, Volodymyr Zelensky, after talks at Nato headquarters, September 28 2023.
PA-EFE/Sergey Dolzhenko
Violence has caused thousands to flee the Armenian-populated enclave of Nagorno-Karabakh amid anger over perceived lack of action from Washington or the international community.
Ethnic Armenians flee their enclave in Nagorno-Karabakh along the Lachin corridor.
AP Photo/Vasily Krestyaninov
Renewed fighting in the South Caucasus has some wondering, “Where are the great powers?”
Azerbaijani environmental activists protest what they claim is illegal mining at the Lachin corridor, the Armenian-populated breakaway Nagorno-Karabakh region’s only land link with Armenia, in December.
Tofik Babayev/AFP
In recent months, Azerbaijan has manufactured a green movement to choke off the contested region’s supplies via the Lachin corridor. The move reveals loopholes within the 2020 ceasefire agreement.
The on-again, off-again war between Armenia and Azerbaijan has been raging for 30 years and has been tilting back and forth. Armenia accused Azerbaijan a few days ago of opening fire on its positions on the border when EU experts went to the area to try to find peace.
Azeris march in Baku to celebrate the anniversary of the 2020 Second Karabakh War.
EPA-EFE/Roman Ismayilov
Moscow’s preoccupation with the war in Ukraine has opened up an opportunity for Azerbaijan to put military pressure on Armenia over the disputed territory of Nagorno-Karabakh.
Russian President Vladimir Putin stands alone.
Alexey Druzhinin/AFP via Getty Images
The Russian government, under President Vladimir Putin, has stepped up repression at home and aggression abroad in an effort to consolidate power within the country and on the world stage.
Armenian troops suffered a crushing defeat in the Second Karabakh War in 2020.
Bumble Dee via Shutterstock
A peace deal brokered by Russia ended the war on Nov. 9, but the rich architectural heritage of the region is still at risk.
Soldiers patrol the mountainous, disputed border between Armenia and Azerbaijan, Nagorno-Karabakh, on Nov. 8.
Stanislav Krasilnikov\TASS via Getty Images
Brian Grodsky, University of Maryland, Baltimore County
Each side in the bloody Nagorno-Karabakh conflict accuses the other of war crimes. Such allegations attract foreign attention and possibly intervention, but rarely lead to a peaceful solution.