An artist’s impression of antibodies (red and blue) responding to an infection with the new coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 (purple).
KTSDESIGN/SCIENCE PHOTO LIBRARY / Getty Images
If antibody levels drop dramatically after an infection, what does that mean for immunity? An expert explains how B and T cells contribute to immunity and why antibodies don’t tell the full story.
Is it possible to get COVID-19 twice?
May James/AFP via Getty Images
Reports describe a Hong Kong man who was reinfected with the coronavirus after returning from Europe. Does that mean he wasn’t immune after the first infection?
Vaping increases the number of receptors that allow coronavirus to invade your cells and compromises your immune system.
Billions of people are going to need a coronavirus vaccine and that demand is going to be hard to meet.
Francesco Carta fotografo/Moment via Getty Images
Once a coronavirus vaccine is approved, billions of doses need to be manufactured. Current vaccine production is nowhere near ready, for a variety of reasons, but planning now could help.
There’s a faster way to complete vaccine trials, but is it ethical?
Skaman306/Moment via Getty Images
Challenge trials – purposefully exposing volunteers to the coronavirus – could speed up the development of a vaccine. But there are serious ethical concerns with this approach.
A nurse holds plasma donated by a man who recovered from COVID-19.
Guillermo Legaria /Getty Images South America
In the blood of COVID-19 survivors are antibodies that can defeat SARS-CoV-2. Researchers are testing whether these antibodies can be collected and injected into others to save them from the virus.
Experts are confident that there will be a vaccine next year.
PenWin /iStock / Getty Images Plus
As grim as things are with the pandemic raging in the US and the mounting death toll, there are many reasons to be optimistic there will be a vaccine by early next year.
Ordinary food coloring suspended in tiny droplets in the air can generate oxygen free radicals that collide with airborne virus particles.
wwing/iStock/Getty Images Plus
Zoë McLaren, University of Maryland, Baltimore County
Testing large numbers of people regularly would reduce the spread of the coronavirus in the US. Laboratory testing is slow and expensive, but rapid screening tests could be the answer.
Researchers are working on handheld devices that can signal the presence of SARS-CoV-2 in the air.
fotograzia/Moment via Getty Images
Miniaturized laboratory equipment is making it easier to identify airborne pathogens in the field, but there’s still work ahead to be able to instantly determine if a room is safe or contaminated.
It’s possible that changes to the immune system during pregnancy protect parent and child from COVID-19.
Syda Productions/Shutterstock
Your immune system changes when you are pregnant, and this may help protect you and your child from COVID-19 – but we need more research to understand this better.
On Aug. 11, Russian President Vladimir Putin announced that a coronavirus vaccine developed in the country has been registered for use.
Russian Health Ministry/Handout/Anadolu Agency via Getty Images
As Russia fast tracks a coronavirus vaccine, scientists worry about skipped safety checks – and the potential fallout for trust in vaccines if something ends up going wrong.
Open windows are the easiest way to ventilate a room.
Justin Paget / Digital Vision via Getty Images
Good ventilation can reduce the risk of catching coronavirus. An environmental engineer explains how to know if enough outside air is getting into a room and what to do if ventilation is bad.
We’re working with professional trainers in South Australia, Victoria and New South Wales to train dogs to sniff out COVID-19. They could be highly valuable in managing the spread of infection.
The US has taken on grand challenges that required complex coordination before, including Project Apollo.
NASA
A systems engineering expert applies the same method NASA’s Project Apollo engineers used to offer a systematic approach to deciding on school reopening at a local level.
When it comes to PPE, we could be better protecting our frontline health-care workers. We need to update current guidelines to reflect the latest evidence around how COVID-19 spreads.
Census enumerators in Nairobi, Kenya. Countries need to collect comparable statistics about populations.
SIMON MAINA/AFP via Getty Images
The governments of several African countries have been reporting counts of confirmed cases, recoveries and deaths related to COVID-19, without a breakdown by age and sex.
As cases surge, testing needs to increase as well.
AP Photo/David J. Phillip
Test positivity rates measure the success of a testing program. Even though the US performs a huge number of tests, high test positivity rates across the country show that that it still isn’t enough.
The polymerase chain reaction, or PCR, is used to copy strands of DNA.
(Pixabay/PixxlTeufel)
COVID-19 tests rely on a process developed at a biotech company co-founded by a Canadian. Canada’s current testing expertise needs to be channelled to prepare for the next wave, and the next pandemic.
Dean Faculty of Health Sciences and Professor of Vaccinology at University of the Witwatersrand; and Director of the SAMRC Vaccines and Infectious Diseases Analytics Research Unit, University of the Witwatersrand