Carbon price bill passes lower house: the experts respond

The Gillard government’s carbon pricing legislation passed the House of Representatives by 74 votes to 72, and is expected to pass through the Senate with the support of the Greens next month. Under the legislation, which will come into force on July 1 next year, Australia’s top 500 polluting companies…

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Prime Minister Julia Gillard hugs Minister for Climate Change Greg Combet after the carbon pricing legislation was passed by the House of Representatives on Wednesday. AAP

The Gillard government’s carbon pricing legislation passed the House of Representatives by 74 votes to 72, and is expected to pass through the Senate with the support of the Greens next month.

Under the legislation, which will come into force on July 1 next year, Australia’s top 500 polluting companies will pay a carbon tax of $23 a tonne, rising 2.5% annually plus inflation.

Households will be compensated for price rises and the tax will be phased out in 2015, to be replaced by a market-based emissions trading scheme.

Here are some expert reactions, collected by the Australian Science Media Centre, to the passage of the bill through the lower house.


Professor John Cole, Director of the Australian Centre for Sustainable Business and Development at The University of Southern Queensland

Political hype aside, today Australia took a once in a generation step forward as a progressive member of the international community. Climate change unchecked ranks as the greatest threat to the future of humanity and today Australia began to pull its weight consistent with its capacities.

Admittedly, there is a long way to go in the transition to a low carbon world. Irrespective of what politicians may say and threaten to do with the carbon tax, the suite of measures is so complex, so embracing, and has been achieved with so much political capital spent – on all sides – that to talk about a future where we will go back to the past is simply to strain the bounds of credulity.

Professor Snow Barlow, Professor of Horticulture and Viticulture at the Melbourne School of Land and Environment at the University of Melbourne

The passing of the carbon bills through the House of Representatives today is an historic moment for Australians because it is the most significant move the nation has yet made to address Anthropogenic Climate Change. It will restructure the economy to dramatically decrease its carbon intensity and position current and future generations for continued prosperity. The bills cover the major sources of fossil fuel emissions within our economy, energy generation and transport.

Perhaps more importantly, the well-conceived architecture of these carbon pricing bills gives government the capacity to meet current and future national and international emissions reduction targets while encouraging the development of less carbon intensive industries.

Contrary to much of the public debate we are not ‘going it alone’. We are in the very good company of many of our major trading partners such as China, Korea, the nation state of California and the EU, who are concurrently introducing measures to decrease the carbon intensity of their economies. This well-structured carbon pricing package, competently implemented, has an excellent chance of achieving its objectives of controlling emissions, promoting low carbon innovation and ensuring that disadvantaged sectors of the community and industry do not suffer unfairly.

Within my particular area of expertise in the land-based sector, the package provides a much needed research, development and demonstration program. This will equip land managers to generate carbon credits by decreasing the carbon intensity of their activities while maintaining productivity and improving sustainability. Although agriculture is not a covered sector in the first phase of pricing carbon, the income flows will allow the sector to reconfigure the landscape into a more sustainable design while preparing our food production industries to remain competitive internationally in a future carbon-constrained world.

Professor John Foster, Director of the UQ Energy Economics and Management Group at The University of Queensland

It is NOT a ‘carbon tax’! It is an emissions trading scheme with a temporary fixed price period (all such schemes have a temporary period where there is a fixed price as the system beds down).

I really despair when even science journalists are completely incapable of being clear on this and, in so doing just confuse the public, many of whom still think that they will see a carbon tax charge on their receipts, just like the GST.

Professor Steven Sherwood, co-Director of the Climate Change Research Centre at the University of New South Wales

This policy is only the first step compared to what will be needed in the years ahead to avert severe global warming. That will ultimately require leaving a lot of economically viable coal, shale oil, and other resources in the ground forever, or else capturing the carbon as they are burned — not just burning through them all a bit more slowly.

The policy passed today seems to be as large a step as can be justified now; people will have to adjust to it, other nations will have to take further steps, and the consequences will have to be assessed. Then in a few more years, as we begin to adjust to new realities and learn from this experiment, we and the rest of the world will have to decide what stronger steps should follow it. We are in for a very long haul on this issue.

Dr Richard Corkish, Head of the School of Photovoltaic and Renewable Energy Engineering at The University of New South Wales

The advent of the emissions trading scheme and the associated support for clean energy developments in the coming years is very exciting. It will bring this issue of global warming back to its rightful place as the most important facing our generation and bring to prominence Australia’s special place in the world as an R&D leader in renewable energy technology.

It will encourage us to discuss our special advantages that allow us to be one of the few developed countries that could very easily be 100% reliant on renewable energy. This is a very positive step!

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20 Comments sorted by

  1. Doug Cotton

    IT Manager

    Yes - it's all rather ironic that this bill should be passed in a month when NASA announced falls in sea levels - which are now already back to the levels of about two years ago - see http://www.jpl.nasa.gov/news/news.cfm?release=2011-262

    ... that it should happen in a month when we have seen that 2011 is very clearly shaping up to be cooler than 2003 - see NASA data: http://earth-climate.com/2003-2011.jpg which took a plunge these last three weeks especially.

    ... that it should happen in a month…

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    1. Michael J. I. Brown

      ARC Future Fellow and Senior Lecturer at Monash University

      In reply to Doug Cotton

      Doug Cotton should be thanked for demonstrating the low level of the climate debate and an illustration of pseudo-science in action.

      Doug Cotton is selectively using NASA data (e.g., picking particular dates) and ignoring long-term trends. The temporary dip in sea level is due to the ENSO cycle and has been seen previously. This is very clear from even a superficial reading of http://www.jpl.nasa.gov/news/news.cfm?release=2011-262.

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    2. Doug Cotton

      IT Manager

      In reply to Michael J. I. Brown

      In 1998, when we saw the largest El Niño on record, all the associated warming (including that in the build up to it) was blamed on carbon dioxide. But when we now see perhaps the largest La Niña it becomes an "excuse" used to gloss over the fact that carbon dioxide is not having an effect.

      The plot of sea levels has broken the trend significantly and returned already to levels of two years ago. Once again, if carbon dioxide (and only carbon dioxide) were having the claimed effect, we would not…

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    3. Doug Cotton

      IT Manager

      In reply to Michael J. I. Brown

      A bit more on sea levels: Firstly, the rate of increase each year has been decreasing for the last 10 years. Thus, if you look closely at the plot on the above linked site it is fairly apparent that a curved trend is a better fit than a linear one, much like Trenberth's curved trend for sea surface temperatures.

      It is of course no coincidence that the flattening of the temperature trend around 2001-2002 also coinciding with the start of the slowing down of sea levels rises. Now the rises are becoming falls which I predict will continue, just as will the decline in temperatures. In other words, sea levels will be no more likely to get back to a supposed linear upward trend than will temperatures, so you can go buy your beachfront land while it's still relatively cheap because of the fear of rises that won't happen. For more detail see: http://theinconvenientskeptic.com/2011/10/sea-level-update-the-oceans-in-decline/

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    4. Steve Matthews

      Senior Research Fellow in Philosophy at Australian Catholic University

      In reply to Doug Cotton

      The commentary at the bottom of the NASA link, and throughout, is unambiguous to anyone who cares to read it. Here's a snippet:

      "...for those who might argue that these data show us entering a long-term period of decline in global sea level, Willis cautions that sea level drops such as this one cannot last, and over the long-run, the trend remains solidly up. Water flows downhill, and the extra rain will eventually find its way back to the sea. When it does, global sea level will rise again. "We…

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    5. Doug Cotton

      IT Manager

      In reply to Steve Matthews

      Yes, like all "warmist" assumptions, the argument is circular and the comment "we're heating up the planet" is assumed without any appropriate proof or analysis of if or when such warming may in the future turn to cooling, as it did after the Roman Warming Period and the Medieval Warming Period. I refer you to Trenberth's curved trend at the top of my home page http://climate-change-theory.com .

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    6. Doug Cotton

      IT Manager

      In reply to Steve Matthews

      A further note regarding NASA argument:

      Not only have virtually all of the excess flood waters (in Australia, for example) well and truly evaporated or drained to the oceans by now, but for the period of 18 months during which sea levels have been falling, so too have sea surface temperatures as in this plot from NASA site: http://climate-change-theory.com/2010-2011.jpg

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    7. Steve Matthews

      Senior Research Fellow in Philosophy at Australian Catholic University

      In reply to Doug Cotton

      So, now it is not clear to me how Doug Cotton is treating his source, NASA. On the one hand he is happy - in his very first post - to extract one year of the graph to make a ludicrous trending point, but now rejects the line of argument. So, as I pointed out this is a question of interpretation. So let's go to that. Circularity is a concept in logic. A circular argument is one in which you would have to already believe the conclusion in order to believe the evidence for that conclusion. Circular…

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    8. Doug Cotton

      IT Manager

      In reply to Steve Matthews

      I repeat the comment "we're heating up the planet" is assumed. There is no proof that "we" (ie the human race) caused past periods of warming, and there is no proof that any warming is still happening, so the use of the present tense is inaccurate as warming has not been happening since 2003. To start an argument based on such an assumption, when in fact that is what you are supposedly proving, is totally invalid logic, even if you don't consider it circular.

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    9. Doug Cotton

      IT Manager

      In reply to Steve Matthews

      Now, regarding Trenberth's trend which I trust you have at least looked at here http://climate-change-theory.com/seasurface.jpg or in his article on Skeptical Science a couple of months ago, it is based on about 18 years of data and I have added subsequent data with my own calculations merely to check if the decline which he showed started around 2006 was in fact continuing. I was not just using "one year of the graph."

      I suggest you also read what Knox and Douglass had to say at http://www.pas.rochester.edu/~douglass/papers/KD_InPress_final.pdf and check whatever NASA data you wish since 2003 at http://discover.itsc.uah.edu/amsutemps/

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    10. Doug Cotton

      IT Manager

      In reply to Steve Matthews

      And, by the way, I don't know what you know about physics (in which I have at least done a degree and a lot of subsequent more advanced study) so maybe this is out of you depth - but at least read the conclusions at http://www.biocab.org/Induced_Emission.html

      Here's an excerpt ...

      “There are many scientists who have found errors in the calculations of the proponents of the idea that carbon dioxide is causing planetary warming. The most serious of these errors resides in believing in a downwelling…

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    11. Steve Matthews

      Senior Research Fellow in Philosophy at Australian Catholic University

      In reply to Doug Cotton

      Let's think through Cotton's epistemology. He says the plain identification and description of data involves 'totally invalid logic'. (I think he's given up the claim that it is circular, but that is not clear from the post.) So when I read a graph with data going back decades in which the sea level is represented as trending upwards, and I then say "the sea level is trending upwards", apparently that's 'totally invalid logic'. Assuming Cotton is at least consistent I imagine trips to the doctor…

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    12. Doug Cotton

      IT Manager

      In reply to Steve Matthews

      Yes, oil levels dropping due to a leak may well follow a (roughly) linear trend, but your implicit assumption that climate must do so is fallacious. Consider these plots for example: http://earth-climate.com/planetcycles.jpg and http://climate-change-theory.com/latest.jpg

      I am not denying that the long-term (roughly sinusoidal) 900 to 1000 year trend may not yet have reached a maximum, but I suggest that a superimposed shorter-term cycle of about 60 year periodicity has passed a maximum, following…

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    13. Doug Cotton

      IT Manager

      In reply to Steve Matthews

      (continued)

      I have referred to temperature data and included a link to a plot showing a curved trend in such. In general, temperature data is a leading indicator ahead of sea levels by perhaps a few years. This is because sea levels are a function of the thermal energy content (causing expansion) and also a function of melting ice. Obviously the run off from melting land ice will take some time to reach the oceans.

      Hence, whilst you might argue that the downward "breakout" (or NASA's pothole) in the sea level plot may not be significant in itself, I would argue that, when you consider the supporting temperature data which started to level out around 2001-2002 and to decline around 2006 as shown in Trenberth's trend http://climate-change-theory.com/seasurface.jpg then it makes sense to conclude that there is now an indication that sea levels are starting to decline, though lagging the temperature levels by perhaps four years or so.

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  2. John Passant

    Tutor at Australian National University

    The carbion tax in the medium to long term will do two things - force the cost of dealing with climate change on to working people, and lock in gas fired power stations.

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  3. Marc Hendrickx

    Geologist

    The tax does nothing to combat the effects of man made climate change. If this is the so called greatest moral challenge, then it's about about time some real solutions were implemented rather than the ridiculous tax churn that just passed the lower house.

    The only realistic way to ensure Australian Greenhouse gas emissions are reduced in the long term, without affecting our standard of living, is for aging coal fired power plants to be progressively replaced by next gen nuclear power plants. Not…

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    1. Ken Fabian

      Mr

      In reply to Marc Hendrickx

      The only realistic way opposition to nuclear solutions could be overcome in Australia is with strong public acceptance of mainstream science on climate, steeply rising pricing of emissions via carbon pricing along with ongoing failure of renewables to deliver - whether because of intrinsic problems or poor choices and implementation.

      Offering solutions that won't be acceptable to a problem you don't believe is important in order to undermine the only policy approach that might lead to them becoming…

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    2. Marc Hendrickx

      Geologist

      In reply to Ken Fabian

      Acceptance of the basics of nuclear physics would provide greater impetus.

      A move to advanced nuclear makes sense regardless of the climate implications.

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