Data released recently by the Australian Institute of Health and Welfare show the number of dentists has increased by 24% in the five years to 2011. There are now around 12,700 dentists in Australia, with 80% working in the private sector.
Fearing an over-supply of dentists, the Australian Dental Association (ADA) has called for a cap on the number of dental schools and graduates. The ADA expects 580 local students to graduate this year, up from 250 a year in the early to mid-2000s. Given that around 200 foreign-trained dentists are expected to arrive in Australia this year, the ADA wants the number of university places capped at 460 a year.
But do we really have an over-supply of dentists in Australia? If you live in metropolitan areas and can afford private dental care, the answer might be yes. But it’s a very different story for rural Australia and low-income families.
Who is missing out on dental care?
Dental disease is high among Australian children, with around half having a history of dental decay. But the disease is not distributed evenly across all children. Those from disadvantaged families or who live in rural non-fluoridated communities have a far higher rate of disease than children from wealthier families living in urban fluoridated communities.
Australia’s aged population is also missing out on appropriate dental care. The many thousands of residents of nursing homes around the country often lack access to the basic dental services which are so important for them to maintain adequate nutrition.
Poor oral health is also associated with an increase in a raft of other diseases such as heart disease, arthritis and stroke. Oral disease and most of these systemic diseases have similar risk factors – poor diet, obesity, smoking, for example. Modifying the risk factors for oral disease may well reduce the crippling burden of other conditions in the community.
But nearly half a million Australians are currently on waiting lists for care in public dental facilities. Most will be requiring some form of tooth restoration or even tooth extraction.
Small steps towards equity
The Commonwealth government’s Dental Health Reform Package, announced in August, will provide subsidised dental care for children and additional services for low-income adults. Clearly there will be a need for more dental health practitioners to work in the public system to provide the necessary services.
The reform package also includes a grant scheme to encourage dental practitioners to relocate to rural or regional localities where there are limited or no services provided.
New dental programs have often been set up in association with rural campuses (Charles Sturt University, for example), with the expectation that at least some of the graduates will practice in currently under-served regions of Australia. This model of rural training has certainly been successful for medicine.
Access to services in rural areas could also be enhanced with better use of telehealth/teledentistry services – digital technologies to deliver health care, consultations and education.
Do we need to see a dentist?
With such substantial gaps in dental care, it’s logical to ask whether everyone who has an oral health problem or needs a dental check-up requires a dentist to provide this care.
Dental therapists, dental hygienists and oral health therapists currently provide significant amounts of oral health care, particularly in the area of treating and preventing tooth decay, and gum disease. This model of care has a long history in both this country and overseas and is proving effective, particularly when the model ensures that such providers work closely with dentists as part of a dental care team.
Dental hygienist and therapist programs have increased significantly in Australian universities, with the number of graduates expected to reach 330 by 2015. These dental professionals could be used effectively in rural centres working with dentists in regional centres, in schools and, of course, in nursing homes.
Future reform
With so many Australians still missing out on dental care, restricting the number of practitioners does not make sense. Rather, we need to aim for a more equitable system, where quality dental services are accessible to those who really do need them.
It’s unclear what impact the Commonwealth’s dental package will have on access to care. But while we wait to find out, we need to take a close look at our current system. Should we continue – and can we afford – to support an uncapped fee-for-service system which provides an excellent standard of care for those who can pay but long waiting times (or little care) for those who are under financial stress, live in rural areas or are unable to care for themselves?
Evol Fayers
retired
Why shouldn't those who wish a career in Dental have the opportunity to do so. I recon the Association (ADA) only want the numbers capped so as to create a shortage and instead of all Dentist getting a liveable income you keep the demand high a few get rich.
Rosemary Stanton
Nutritionist & Visiting Fellow at University of New South Wales
It's rare for dental health to make this or any other forum, so while we're on the topic of dentists, could we also start to think more about why we exlcude the mouth from medicare.
Is there any valid reason to treat health problems in the mouth differently from those that occur in other parts of the body?
Or any reason why do we so often ignore dental health in discussions about health care costs?
According to AIHW, dental caries is responsible for $6.1b expenditure in Australia, second only…
Read moreJohn Doyle
architect
Well here Rosemary I say you are right on the money.
Dental health has ramifications way beyond teeth.
And we should tax sugars, since the downside to sugar is so expensive for the community.
Like we do with tobacco.
Peter McDonald
Emeritus Professor
The piece by Peter Brooks and Mike Morgan points up serious health issues that arise not only from inadequate access to routine dental care but to the structure of dental practice and access in Australia; it is dominated by a fee-for-service approach to provision of dental services and inadequate provision for ensuring that those at risk for developing adverse health outcomes are poorly provided for within an integrated health system. Women with peri-odontal disease are at higher risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes, the burden of chronic dental inflamation is manifest in a range of chronic diseases and difficulties of access for people who have high dental needs as a consequence of some underlying condition such as Hepatitis C infection, or being in high-risk categories for CJD.
rory robertson
rory robertson is a Friend of The Conversation.
former fattie
Along the same lines, it amazes me that while almost everyone accepts that added sugar is a disaster for our teeth, many who should know better somehow consider it innocent of doing serious damage to our bodies, and public health more generally (Slide 28 at http://www.australianparadox.com/pdf/22Slideshowaustraliangoestoparadoxcanberrafinal.pdf )
Hopefully, that silliness will subside in coming months, after the NHMRC presents higher-level evidence of the damage done, and toughens its national dietary advice against added sugar (see Section (iii) in http://www.australianparadox.com/part-2 ).
Jason Lewis
Owner at Centre for Professional Development
Government is trying to show some stiff steps to reform the dental education rather than providing real solution to the problem. It is easy to cap the number of students and apply new policies, but it is hard to create opportunity for poor and unprivileged section of our society.
Very disappointing.
J T....
professional
The rural need has been used as a reason to increase the number of graduates in several professions. Interestingly medical professionals are paid an extra $47k per year to work in a rural location! Many would suggest that incentives are required to move rural rather than attempting to force people to move rural (by increasing graduating numbers) where hours may be longer, there is less professional support, less jobs for partners, less social activities, distance from friends/family...
Whilst it may sound great that there is a 'need' for more dental care to the disadvantaged, no-one has provided the funding for this need. Government has kept a closed purse. The result has been that the number of dental graduates that are still seeking full time employment has more than doubled from around 6% to 16% over the last year according to the data that government relies on, GradStats. Taxpayers have had to pay to train these dentists and yet many are not gaining full time employment.
Warren Evans
logged in via email @yahoo.com.au
The Australian Dental Association does not represent the interests of the general Australian society, quite on the contrary, they represent the economic interests of Dentist, and only cares for keeping Dentists wealthy. Why is it OK to have more Doctors to serve the undersupplied sections of our society, but when we are stating having more Dentists, the ADA cries out. Australia needs more Dentists. Dental services need to be an integral part of Medicare. Going to the Dentist should not be a luxury…
Read moreJ T....
professional
Warren, some of your points are valid to an extent. Whilst the Australian Dental Association doesn't explicitly represent society, some of their points are important for society. An undersupplied profession is bad because people don't receive services (higher demand than supply). But an oversupplied profession is also bad because it leads to under/unemployed professionals which the taxpayers have paid to train (this has more than doubled for dentists in the last year). An oversupplied profession…
Read moreEvol Fayers
retired
JT animals
For one you can only be over serviced if you take your mouth to the dentist. dam sure with their costs I wouldn't be doin that. 2nd, To say an under-supplied profession is bad (because people don't receive services) doesn't make any sense to me when many people in this country have been waiting many years for dental work (have no teeth in some cases) because they simply can not afford the cost of a visit to a private dental clinic. I know it happened to a close relation on mine. In a 1st world country I don't think it is good enough. 1300smiles must be doin ok they have just taken over sponsor ship of the Cowboys stadium. I don't think they could afford that if they were not overcharging.
J T....
professional
Evol,
Please read my other comment below. An oversupplied profession doesn't necessarily lead to cheaper care and isn't leading to cheaper dental care, just rising unemployment at taxpayer expense. There are heaps of law graduates but about half of them never work as lawyers because they don't do articles or get graduate jobs at the big law firms to gain experience. This means that legal fees remain high and lower socioeconomic people struggle against those with more funds.
If people truly want affordable dental care then the government needs to consider creating more dental graduate training programs and more lower socioeconomic targeted programs.
Allayne Webster
logged in via email @yahoo.com.au
Extracting big bucks
UNACCEPTABLE waiting times for dental services caused by qualification shortage and lack of interest to practice in the country? (The Advertiser, 21/1/13). Pull the other tooth!
Question: How do you ensure a dentist's healthy income? Answer: Limit the number of qualified tooth-tradies in the marketplace. More dentists to meet community demand would create service and price competition.
Dentists can't have that. That would decay their ability to charge exorbitant fees…
Read moreEvol Fayers
retired
Allayne Webster I couldn't have put it better. Thank you.
Warren Evans
logged in via email @yahoo.com.au
JT animals
About six years ago the dental health of Australia was appalling. As a result of that the government rightly decided to open new Dental schools on several locations all over Australia.
If you see the news links listed at the end of my comment, you would see that, several months ago, the dental crisis in Australia is still worrying.
Now that a few more Dentists will graduate from Dental schools and an even much smaller amount of overseas qualified Dentists will qualify through…
Read moreJ T....
professional
Warren, the waiting times are concerning. Note that the articles you reference are for 2012. The number of unemployed or underemployed dental graduates more than doubled in this year but waiting times are still extreme.
Targeted government programs are needed for lower socioeconomic public dental care. A mass of dental graduates that will change profession because they can't get clinical experience due to insufficient training opportunities will not (and is not) solving the problems. These graduates are unable to open new practices and reduce waiting lists. In fact tax payers are fitting the bill for their training and many of them will seek alternate careers due to being unable to find employment.
Warren Evans
logged in via email @yahoo.com.au
If you read caefully all JT animals comments, you will clearly realise he strongly supports the current status quo stituation where Dentist (just Genneral Dentists, let's not even mention specialists) = Millionaires at the expense of the dental health of the general Australian population.
JT animals even admits that "the waiting times are concerning". He also admist that (sic) "Targeted government programs are needed for lower socioeconomic public dental care. A mass of dental graduates that…
Read moreJ T....
professional
Warren,
You suggest "If any Australian government (irrespectevily of been Labour or the Coalition) decides to implement dental programs to try to address the disastrous dental health of Australians from lower socioeconmical background, even if the government sets apart adequate funding for these programs (say Denticare like dental programs), there would not be enought Dentist to treat this big volume of patients."
Approximately 580 dental students graduated in 2012. 16% of these were under…
Read moreWarren Evans
logged in via email @yahoo.com.au
JT animals,
I have extracted the date from the statistics that you mention, and I have sorted the different careers of recent graduate in that table. It can be seen clearly that Dentistry is in position 13 out of 40 careers in terms of graduate employment. So, if you worry about taxpayers funding Dentists that might have some difficulty finding full time job just immediately after graduation, what about worrying about funding these other 27 careers that have much lower job opportunities for…
Read moreJ T....
professional
Warren,
Most in Australia would believe in maximising employment and reducing wasteful expenditure. Expenditure is wasted if government taxpayer money is used to train professionals that are not needed. Maybe you would be happy to pay for building enough medical schools so that ALL Australians could become doctors. Then the crack dealer down the road could study medicine at societies expense and end up without a job although they could probably get easier access to drugs for selling...
Warren…
Read moreWarren Evans
logged in via email @yahoo.com.au
JT
You talk about reducing wasteful expenditure, and how Australian society should try to minimize it.
Having Dentists to have the monopoly/oligopoly of dental health and this situation allowing them to change exorbitant: THAT IS WASTEFUL EXPENDITURE FOR THE AUSTRALIAN SOCIETY.
You mention that you worry about a SPECIFIC profession (Dentists), worrying about graduates having some difficulty finding jobs immediately after graduation. Well my friend, you observation is very short sighted…
Read moreMegan Lynch
logged in via email @yahoo.com.au
Warren,
Don't waste your time discussing with JT. He doesn't care about what Australian battlers have to put up in terms of dental care. I bet you that he is a Dentist, or has someone very close to him who is, and therefore he only cares about what can Dentists or the Australian Dental Association (ADA) do to extract more money from us, the patients.
I have a friend who needed a crown and bridge. The cost in Australia was around $7,000. She went to Malaysia and had it done by one of the best…
Read moreJ T....
professional
I too hope for the day when dental care is available to all Australians.
Has the increase in student numbers led to decreased waiting times? NO
Has the increase in student numbers led to decreased dental costs? NO
The new graduates don't have experience and are unable to pay the exorbitant costs of setting up a dental practice many with student debt of $100,000 to $200,000.
These under/unemployed dental graduates are more likely to change profession as they will be unable to get experience. The government and society has paid for their training when they are unable to provide back to society.
Assistance is required to enable them to help provide oral care to all Australians. Increasing student numbers as a SOLE method is ineffective for professions where practical graduate experience is required and cost barriers to starting a clinic are present.
Warren Evans
logged in via email @yahoo.com.au
Instead of obtuse request to cap the number of people studying Dentistry at Australian universities, which only effect would be to continue allowing Dentists practicing in private practices to have very limited competition and extract as much money from the general public, we should concentrate about trying to fix the appalling dental health state in Australia. ADA and JT only worry about poor young (and also the older established) Dentists who would have to face more competition. WHAT ADA AND…
Read moreJ T....
professional
Finally it looks like we are moving towards agreement Warren in that increasing the number of dental graduates does not and has not made oral care accessible to all Australians:
"What amazes me is why Dental health, and its exclusion from Medicare is seen as something separate from the health of the rest of the human body, Imagine if all heart illnesses, or all kidney conditions, or all pregnancy care were excluded from medicare? This is what is happening with the dental health in Australia."
Yes, yes, yes.
Glen Sheather
telecomunications Technical officer
Late last year I went for a dental checkup. He said that there was not much to be done except pull out some old fillings and put back new ones for $500. Then my doctor put me on some special program which entitled me to free dental up to $5000.
My dentist then said that we needed to start all over again and have another checkup.
This time the bill was $4500 (government was to pay). Then the scheme was cancelled due to the excessive cost. So far I have had 2 checkups but no work done and I don't trust dentists.