Is Origin Smart sleepwalking into a shocking personal data breach?

Early last week, Origin Energy, Australia’s pre-eminent energy retailer, launched an online energy-use monitoring portal Origin Smart to much fanfare. All good – but what about the the privacy and security of the data being collected and made available? Origin Smart is a website that lets Origin’s Victorian…

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The Origin Smart portal provides customers with an estimate of future electricity bills. fudj

Early last week, Origin Energy, Australia’s pre-eminent energy retailer, launched an online energy-use monitoring portal Origin Smart to much fanfare. All good – but what about the the privacy and security of the data being collected and made available?

Origin Smart is a website that lets Origin’s Victorian customers to see their home electricity usage updated every half hour. The electricity usage information comes from the new smart meters that were rolled out over the past six years.

Victorian customers (and then customers nationally) will be able to view their electricity usage for up to 24 hours prior to the current half-hourly reading.

Other energy companies, including United Energy, are in the final stages of testing a portal similar to Origin Smart.

What you’re getting

The Origin Smart portal provides customers with an estimate of future electricity bills and the capability to set daily electricity consumption targets.

But the value of Energy Smart is yet to be identified because customers may need to see historical energy usage data – beyond the current one-day provided – to gain an understanding of their energy usage over time and to be able to make informed decisions.

Customers will be also able to compare their usage with households of a similar size and occupancy.

This all sounds fine, right? I mean, who wouldn’t want to know how much energy they’re using? But, as mentioned above, there are bigger issues at play here, involving privacy and security.

Risk of a cyber-attack?

In recent weeks I have written on The Conversation about cybercrime and cyber-terrorism laws. The Cybercrime Legislation Amendment Bill 2011 increases the scope of customer data that carriers and internet service providers (ISPs) must collect when notified by police or security organisations.

Proposed changes to cybersecurity laws include a provision for a two-year internet data retention requirement for all Australians.

How is this relevant to Origin Smart? Well, I’ve received several requests for an example of a national network-related privacy and security problem.

I submit Origin Smart.

Origin Smart has all the characteristics of an information store that will be a target for hackers.

Knowledge is power and information about customers' electricity usage is a saleable commodity. Information about electricity usage for business, government, defence and national infrastructure is of value to hackers and terrorists. (Origin Energy hasn’t made it clear whether Origin Smart will be available only to residential customers.)

Will Anonymous target Origin Smart as part of its current Operation Australia campaign? I don’t see why not.

Victorian customers can access the portal from any internet-connected computer. The portal does not utilise two-step authentication – that is, a second layer of security (such as being sent a password by text message) that makes a security breach less likely.

By contrast, most Australian banks and many online services, including Google and Dropbox, do use two-step authentication.

Failure to utilise these additional security measures is a potential flaw that makes Origin Smart more of a target than it needs to be.

Collection

At the most basic level, Origin Smart is collecting critical information about customers putting it all into internet-connected systems and making it available to customers from any internet-connected computer around the world.

Why would a Victorian Origin Energy customer need to see their half-hourly energy usage while on holiday in Russia?

More concerning is the fact the Origin Smart: Initial Privacy Consent provides a list of organisations that customers agree, when signing up to the service, to allow access to their data.

That list includes:

… relevant contractors which may include installers, mail houses, data processing analysts, IT service providers and smart energy technology providers, debt collection agencies and credit reporting agencies, relevant Government authorities …

Why would I want to share my half-hourly electricity usage data with a debt collector? Or a credit reporting agency for that matter?

Is Origin Smart being set up as a dual-purpose portal that will allow a range of companies to log in and access the complete energy usage history of one or more customers? No-one as yet is saying so, but it would be reassuring to have such issues clarified.

Offshoring data

The Origin Smart Terms and Conditions indicate customer information will be sent to a “third-party smart energy technology provider” located in Colorado, USA.

The Australian government should be very concerned that potentially most (Origin Energy currently has 4.4m customers nationwide) of Australia’s residential, business and corporate energy usage is being sent to the USA – a country that does not have strict privacy and security rules.

The Origin Smart Terms and Conditions read:

The USA does not have laws that provide the same level of protection for an individual’s personal information as in Australia, however, the Third Party Provider is required to comply with any applicable privacy legislation.

But let’s be clear: the US company is not subject to Australian law and would never agree to being subject to Australian privacy laws.

This statement in the Origin Energy Terms and Conditions should be investigated by the relevant authorities immediately.

Data breach?

Are we in danger of inadvertently paving the way for the largest personal data breach in Australian history? And all without having been attacked by Anonymous, by cyber-terrorists or a potential enemy nation carrying out an act of cyber-warfare.

Origin Energy has stated it will send customer data to a company in a country that does not require that company to keep the data secure and permits the company to on-sell the data to whomever they please. I’m gobsmacked.

Can Origin Energy guarantee the data sent to the USA will be destroyed at some point in the future? When would this be?

We all should remember Google making a similar promise to the Australian Privacy Commissioner in the context of the Google Street View controversy.

Google admitted to collecting Wi-Fi data when capturing information for Google Steet View. After assuring the Australian Privacy Commissioner that all of the data collected had been destroyed, Google later admitted to finding more data that had not been destroyed.

To summarise, my concerns about Origin Smart are the following:

  1. Poor security. Without two-step authentication the system could be a juicy hacking target

  2. Poor privacy. The list of organisations that can be provided with access to customer data is extraordinary and access for many is unnecessary and unwarranted

  3. National security. The data of everyone who signs up to Origin Smart will be sent to the USA.

The Origin Smart Initial Privacy Consent requirement and the Terms and Conditions were red flags for me. As an Origin Energy customer I chose not sign up to Origin Smart.

I strongly recommend you refrain from doing so as well.

Join the conversation

22 Comments sorted by

  1. Chris Aitchison

    logged in via Twitter

    I don't understand the consequences of someone finding out how much electricity I use...

    As far as the other aspects of privacy, your personal data is already sent overseas by any company that outsources it's business processes overseas (for example most banks, insurance companies, phone companies, etc). That doesn't by itself mean that your personal information is not secure.

    A lot of banks do not use two-factor authentication by default, as do a lot of social networks, online share trading sites, and even Google and Dropbox by default. Two-factor authentication is excellent security, but not having it does not mean your site is not secure.

    National Security?? Please explain...

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    1. Mark Gregory

      Senior Lecturer in Electrical and Computer Engineering at RMIT University

      In reply to Chris Aitchison

      Hi Chris,

      the importance is whether or not this information should be made available to others. If you're happy to provide your information to others who may onsell this information then that is ok. Many people are not happy about this and that is why we have privacy and security laws.

      I'm sorry but your statement that a site is secure without two-factor authentication is wrong. Two-factor authentication is a minimum requirement for websites that hold personal information. If you use a bank…

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    2. Chris Aitchison

      logged in via Twitter

      In reply to Mark Gregory

      Hi Mark,

      I concede that a site that does not offer two-factor authentication is more vulnerable to your account being accessed without your permission, because someone only needs to crack your password. But I don't think that it can be asserted that the site is more vulnerable to en-masse hacks, ie. the entire database being compromised through a malicious hacker. That would require a significantly different type of security vulnerability.

      Thanks for the clarification on the National Security implications. I hope ASIO/ASIS/DSD,etc. get their memos out in time to make sure our secret facilities don't sign up to Origin Smart :)

      To be honest, I think it would be pretty cool to be able to compare my electricity usage with an average from my local area (ie. give data to get data). Gamifying electricity use could be a good strategy to make people more conscious of it - a bit like the campaign by the Vic govt re: using 155 litres of water/person/day. I think that worked well.

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    3. Daniel Kinsman

      logged in via Twitter

      In reply to Chris Aitchison

      <blockquote>I don't understand the consequences of someone finding out how much electricity I use...</blockquote>

      For a start, half hour energy will tell people when you are home, and when you are out. If I was a thief or a stalker, this is exactly what I would want.

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    4. Chris Aitchison

      logged in via Twitter

      In reply to Daniel Kinsman

      Or they could look at my lights :) Good point though - I was talking in the aggregate (ie. avg per day/month), didn't consider the half-hour granularity.

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    5. Chris M.

      Interested Citizen

      In reply to Chris Aitchison

      on google - they tried to introduce a smart meter data service - called Google Meter after poor traction in market place they dumped it. focuss on Android versus iPhone is important.

      however...

      GOOGLE METER UNFETERD

      From http://www.consumercal.org/article.php?id=1245 CFC Provides Comments to the PUC on Privacy and the Smart Grid by Zack Kaldveer, Consumer Federation of California, California Progress Report
      Social networking sites store and publicly share unprecedented private details…

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  2. Glen Daly

    Retired

    I have had dealings with Origin Energy.I found them to be a toxic entity from go to woe.
    I would not trust them,or any electricity retailer,with information they did not need to have in order to carry out their basic function.

    Anybody who falls for Origin propaganda in this instance (or any other) is a fool.

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    1. Chris Aitchison

      logged in via Twitter

      In reply to Glen Daly

      I think it is fair to say that a lot of electricity consumers have no choice in this. Smart meters are being compulsorily installed in Victoria at least, so electricity retailers will have the data whether you want them to or not.

      If companies like Origin are going to be fast and loose with our personal data, then they already have it. My personal data is already either vulnerable or not, regardless of whether I sign up for Origin Smart.

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  3. Chris M.

    Interested Citizen

    CONSUMER PRIVACY INVASION IS TOO IMPORTANT

    It is too important an issue to be left to politicians or bureaucrats.

    The privacy time bomb is slowly ticking and growing with every smart meter installation.

    Smart meters are being rolled out in Victoria, NSW and soon to be followed by all states. This needs to be urgently addressed, consulted on and dealt with before the horse leaves the stable. In many respects the horse is in down the street.

    The information provided by smart meters and…

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    1. Chris Aitchison

      logged in via Twitter

      In reply to Chris M.

      Ah, now I understand better why some of my neighbours have a big stop sign on their meter box saying 'Do not install a smart meter'.

      This is a strong argument, but the following detract from it:

      "Worse, the Taxation department can verify that the equipment usage using consumer electricity data obtained to data match against taxation returns"
      Even if this happened, assuming that the privacy concerns were already moot because it was happening, surely this is not a concern for an honest taxpayer.

      "A fire insurance claim for a damaged appliance can be verified by an insurance company contesting a homeowner’s claim."
      Ditto for an honest person.

      A lot of your other points are good - I wonder how it will play out when the first court case occurs arising from any of the scenarios you describe...

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  4. Chris M.

    Interested Citizen

    http://www.privacy.org.au/Papers/ACTEW-SM-110619.pdf

    The Australian Privacy Foundation (APF) is the country's leading privacy advocacy organisation.....
    The APF's Policy Statement on Smart Metering expresses serious concerns about the collection, use, storage and disclosure of sensitive personal data, the intensive and ongoing nature of the data collection process, the attractiveness of the data for additional purposes and to other organisations, and the resulting serious risk of function creep…

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  5. Joseph Bernard

    Director

    Privacy is important,

    but i am angry with Origin because of it's Coal Seam Gas interests which is are profit over public good. If Origin have absolutely no regard for the environment and our future, then why would they care about our privacy?

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    1. Chris Aitchison

      logged in via Twitter

      In reply to Joseph Bernard

      If Origin put public good before profits then it would be bad business and the shareholders would get upset. A symptom of nearly all public companies :(

      It is the governments role to incentivise or tax companies in a way that tries to align them with the public good. Of course, one could say it was folly to privatise energy companies in the first place, because it introduces an insatiable need for profits and growth, rather than being a public good.

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    2. Chris M.

      Interested Citizen

      In reply to Chris Aitchison

      Consumers should be given rights to their data, and if they choose to they can license this to Origin Energy - who then must abide by the licensing terms

      but this is not how it works

      questions we should ask

      Q1. Who owns the meter data in our homes?

      Q2. Are we entitled to access this meter data?

      Q3 Why cant we access this meter data in real time?

      Q4 Why is their a delay of upto 1 day before we can see what a smart meter is seeing in real-time?

      Q5 Why cant we connect directly to a smart meter

      It seems alot has been spent on deploying these smart meters - and we dont seem to have the ability to use them

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    3. Joseph Bernard

      Director

      In reply to Chris Aitchison

      Agree profits are the motivation for investment.. and i did make significant profit from Origin shares which i purchased at $2.80 and now have sold all my Origin shares at $16. plus dividends over the period.

      Long term investment are based on current profits and sustainable growth that offer capital returns. When a company’s investment opens it up to future claims, then what happens to it’s long term value?..

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    4. Chris Aitchison

      logged in via Twitter

      In reply to Joseph Bernard

      Ahhh, but does the executive compensation of the company incentivise short-term profitability or long-term profitablity? I'd bet there are not many CEO's whose bonus depends on the value of the company in 20 years time.

      So if the decision makers in a company are incentivised by short-term profitability...

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  6. mixmaxmin

    logged in via Twitter

    Great eye-opener... the fact that many do not understand the potential implications as Robert Vamosi puts it in his book "When Gadgets Betray Us" http://whengadgetsbetrayus.com/ we achieve user-side simplicity by hidden complexity which opens up huge security gaps or the proverbial can of worms. The issue of an orchestrated cyber attack on energy infrastructure is also discussed by George Friedman in his book The Next 100 Years: A forecast for the 21st Century.

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  7. David Collett

    IT Application Developer at Web Generation

    After reading this article and the various comments, my thinking is along the following lines...

    For me, the greatest risk to me and future generations is catastrophic climate change.

    Tools like Origin Smart help reduce energy usage by:
    * providing householders with feedback they can use to reduce their energy consumption
    * allow organisations/researchers/companies to view data to help inform policy, products and research

    These outcomes reduce energy usage and as such, they reduce the…

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    1. Mark Gregory

      Senior Lecturer in Electrical and Computer Engineering at RMIT University

      In reply to David Collett

      Hi David,

      fair comment. From your comment I can assume you have not been the victim of scammers, hackers not had your credit card details plastered on the web for all to see.

      I'm not against Origin Smart, I think tools like Origin Smart are great for the environment and other things like the economy. That does not over-ride my concerns about privacy and security though as the downside does not justify the positives.

      Giving away personal rights to privacy and security is to no-ones advantage in the longer term. We hold the government to account to protect these rights and it is time for the government to step up and fix Origin Smart so that we can use it safely and in accordance with Australian law.

      regards, Mark Gregory

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  8. Jonathan Maddox

    Software Engineer

    It's hard to believe how poorly the whole smart meter thing has been sold to the public. There are significant technical benefits to smart meters, not least reporting usage to the users themselves as well as the network operators, but they haven't been sold on those benefits to customers.

    Customers should be offered interesting new billing schemes and reduced bills from the start with smart meters. If customers aren't informed and given incentives (ie. time of use billing) to benefit from the smart meter from the start, of course there will be opposition.

    Carelessness with data is another potential problem -- but mostly a public relations issue. Seriously, anyone with a facebook account gives away far more personal information to US corporations voluntarily, than a power company can collect and give away on your behalf.

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