The rise and rise of the science politician

George Laoutaris

In our naive youth, we imagine scientific careers that are exceedingly pure.

In them, all that matters is the quality of our ideas, evidence and insight, written up in concise documents and published in refereed journals.

Government research grants are given to the most deserving, and the thrust and parry of scientific debate is conducted with honour, and about as far removed from the grubby world of politics as you can get.

It is a noble profession. Our life’s work is a gift to knowledge and fundamental truth.

Unlike politicians, what you read about us in the papers is fact and our public statements are without spin – after all we’re in the truth business, right?

We don’t have to be good with people because we’re just dealing with concepts and inanimate objects.

We’re nerds and proud of it!

Our scientific leaders are all geniuses right?

The system has filtered out the best of the best to optimise the use of the taxpayer’s research dollar!

Enter the Science Politician …

Then, as we move through “the system”, we realise that this isn’t quite right.

We start to come across people who are in positions of amazing power and influence.

They have charisma and poise.

They spend their time at conferences working the floor at coffee breaks, forging alliances and bragging about their amazing staff.

Kaptain Kobold

When placed in front of a politician they shine. They speak their language: “Key Stakeholders”, “Community Consultation”, “Milestones”, “Deliverables”.

Unlike you, when quizzed about whether they are certain about anything, you get phrases like “absolutely” and “categorically”.

Acronyms such as KPIs, IP and EOIs are flowing. The first few times you come across this stuff the only acronym you can come up with is WTF?

As you float up in the Science world you learn more about the science politician’s modus operandi.

They seem to be on every committee under the sun, and if they’re not, someone else from their institution is.

They’re involved in big grants and on government panels.

They’re amazingly well connected, and their manicured CVs are punctuated by prizes and achievements, often bestowed upon them by other committees of which they were once a member.

A business card is always at the ready, and their presentations are in the relevant corporate style.

Their teams are huge and the papers are flowing, fuelling a positive feedback loop that becomes seemingly unstoppable.

They are part of the growing class of amazingly successful “science politicians”.

But is this right?

But deep down you suspect that something’s amiss. Is this why you got into science in the first place?

You meet plenty of scientists who really know their stuff but don’t ever seem to get grants. Perhaps they are foolish enough to not sex-up their achievements, or partner with people with inferior CVs, or be honest about the potential risk of their grant proposals?

Noel A Tanner

You realise that the science politician hasn’t written a sole author paper for decades even though they wrote a couple of classics in their youth in some other area.

They’re often putting out press releases that are over-hyped, but what does that matter? Investigative science journalists don’t exist any more, so the media just cuts and pastes their press releases so they become “news”.

When you try to collaborate with them you realise they’re debating authorship policies and places on the would-be discovery paper before the experiment has even begun.

You spend more and more of your own time optimising your grant opportunities, appearing on committees, managing your team and dealing with political emails.

One day you look in the mirror, pause, and wonder if your darkest fear has been realised?

Have you become “one of them”?

The new path to scientific glory

How does this happen? Well, the government has made national competitive grants so verbose that to apply for one a year takes out a large fraction of your scarce scientific “research time”, for only about a 20% chance of success of getting half the money you asked for.

And anyone who wins grants early in their career has a phenomenal advantage over someone who hasn’t, because even if they themselves do nothing, they have a workforce to create new ideas and publications, boosting their publication count ahead of their next grant application.

On the other hand, those who fail, have wasted a large part of their scientific year and go backwards, and often back to the classroom.

The science politicians land tenured positions at the Universities with the best students and infrastructure who are thirsty for their grant records.

Soon they’re set. Exponential career growth is underway.

While some are building empires, others are going backward. The community bifurcates, and many of the disillusioned leave the field.

The politics of collaboration

The Internet has radically improved the opportunity for scientific collaboration, productivity and, politics.

Crossett Library Bennington College

It’s inefficient to learn something yourself if a couple of emails and a Skype conversation later you can get an expert to interpret your results and you can just bung them onto the author list of your paper.

It’s the scientific equivalent of international trade, and is highly efficient and largely to be encouraged.

But this leads to discussions of authorship. And the science politician who can argue the best place for their staff on papers stands to gain over the ones who can’t be bothered.

And the more they have to bargain with, the greater their chance of an accelerated scientific career. Labs, equipment, staff time. Soon their political skills are more important than their scientific ideas.

And what about when two science politicians team up and “combine forces”? And these conglomerates merge with others, creating enormous 100, 200 or even 786-author scientific papers.

The end game.

But, does this matter? Science is progressing at an astonishing rate, so do we care if we need a fundraiser?

Dividing the research dollar into infinitesimal little parts is certainly not the way to optimise outcomes.

In the movie business, roles are defined. Executive producers don’t write the scripts or direct the film, they just back winners and get an appropriate title on the credits.

In science however, we’re all just authors.

And our system has started to reward and bestow power to those who master the political scientific game at the expense of others.

The ultimate science politicians might facilitate grants and relationships that can create enormous coordinated teams to tackle the biggest scientific questions.

Some remarkable individuals also retain a deep understanding of the core science.

But our grants and the ever-growing bureaucratic system that feeds science is increasingly mistaking CVs and empires for scientific thought leadership.

And this creates an enormous risk, because there’s a danger that those who’ve mastered the politics of science that delivers massive grants have lost the scientific ability to know what’s best to use them on.

Join the conversation

30 Comments sorted by

  1. Sean Lamb

    Science Denier

    "And this creates an enormous risk, because there’s a danger that those who’ve mastered the politics of science that delivers massive grants have lost the scientific ability to know what’s best to use them on."

    A sentiment that should be brought to the attention of a certain Tim Flummery.

    report
    1. Linus Bowden

      management consultant

      In reply to Sean Lamb

      Part of the problem was that after WWII, social scientists basically locked the physical and biological sciences out of the social science tool box. Now, climate mitigation/adaptation are not the province of natural science, but of social science. We have some catching up to do to reincorporate physics, biology, and ecology back into Economics, Anthropology, and Sociology, not to mention the poor old lawyers!. The last generation's onanistic obsession with the 'discourses of 'power' and their demands to be treated as 'victims' of the written word has turned out to be a huge catastrophic backward step.

      report
    2. Mike Hansen

      Mr

      In reply to Sean Lamb

      Like a silly old geezer with his fly undone at the Xmas party, Sean bags Flannery oblivious to the irony of his self-appointed position of "science denier".

      report
  2. Chris Booker

    Research scientist

    Excellent article Matthew. I don't really have anything in particular to add, just to say it's good to see someone putting articles like these out there. As a young scientist I feel the current system has become grossly imbalanced, and often have conversations with my fellow young scientist colleagues which inevitably come down to how badly the cards are stacked against us. You wonder how long it can go on down this path before things really start going bad....

    report
    1. Linus Bowden

      management consultant

      In reply to Chris Booker

      You need to really start getting savvy at funding research that does not rely so much on the government for a start.

      report
    2. Chris Booker

      Research scientist

      In reply to Chris Booker

      @Linus. Well that all depends on what kind of science you want to be doing really. Science at it's core is actually a 'gift economy' where the findings of your work are shared freely with others with the aim of improving understanding of whatever topic is at hand. The alternative - doing research funded by a private entity - is that the research is geared specifically towards turning a profit in one way or another, and is not shared freely. This model is also creeping further into universities which…

      Read more
  3. John Newton

    Author Journalist

    Excellent article and a worthwhile topic for debate: the external pressure on science in the age of Mammon. In her book The world According to Monsanto, Marie-Monique Robin quotes Ignacio Chapela, the Mexican biologist and one of the authors of the paper on the genetic contamination of the traditional Mexican corn crop who subsequently lost his position at Berkley University
    (as have many Monsanto critics lost their positions).

    “There was a time” Chapela told Robin, “when science and the university loudly proclaimed their independence from governmental, military and industrial institutions. That’s over, not only because scientists depend on industry to survive, but because they themselves are part of industry.”

    In other words, science ain’t always so pure anymore

    report
    1. Linus Bowden

      management consultant

      In reply to John Newton

      John, without war and/or capitalism, there would be science, or at least little funding for it.

      report
  4. Alan Dorin

    Researcher, Faculty of Information Technology at Monash University

    Thanks for the article Matthew.

    Just a note... politics has *always* played a significant role in science, art, every "academic" pursuit and in religion and (ha!) politics itself. Right back to ancient times. It has always been unavoidable.

    Some artists had patrons, some did not. Some were supported by the church, some were not. Some scientists had funded labs and time to study, some did not. Some engineers were powerful allies and favoured by kings, some were not. etc. etc. Some great minds also had social status and therefore their views were heard. Others had great ideas, but their social class meant that nobody listened. Some people were women and for most of western scientific history their views have been (to our loss!) unheard and unsupported.

    I agree entirely with you that power brings more power... but I am hardly surprised that this happens in science today! It has always happened :-) I wonder what we might do to make circumstances more equitable?

    report
  5. William Ferguson

    Software Developer

    Great article Matthew.

    I like the idea of assigning and reporting more roles on papers as per the movie industry. Why not author, producer/sponsor, director etc. It would also enable efficient discourse as you could readily target those in the paper that match your needs.

    report
    1. Linus Bowden

      management consultant

      In reply to William Ferguson

      Why not Page 3 girls as well?

      report
  6. Penny Sackett

    Professor at Australian National University

    Thank you for this excellent piece, Matthew, which dares to speak about an awkward and important subject.

    I have found the ANU policy on research authorship (see http://policies.anu.edu.au/policies/responsible_practice_of_research/policy) to be particularly sensible. It is illuminating to use it as a lens through which to examine one's own publication list, or those of others applying for research funding. Compared to peers who flaunt these guidelines, a researcher who adheres to them may…

    Read more
    1. Matthew Bailes

      Pro-Vice Chancellor (Research) at Swinburne University of Technology

      In reply to Penny Sackett

      Hi Penny,

      I think that when there were two or three authors on paper, it was possible to be "fair".

      But as the number of authors grows, the whole thing can become a bit arbitrary, and
      therefore political.

      Debating about authorship before anything has even been discovered, or the instrument
      switched on seems the wrong way around to me.

      Similarly writing papers about experiments that haven't been done yet seems more politically than scientifically motivated.

      Cheers - Matthew

      report
    2. Penny Sackett

      Professor at Australian National University

      In reply to Penny Sackett

      Hi Matthew,

      I don't disagree with you that authorship can become political !

      Nor do I think paper authors should be determined before the result has been obtained -- or the instrument even switched on :).
      However, I do think that *principles* for authorship can and should be openly discussed early on in any collaboration.

      In my view, the ANU guidelines are not a bad place to start, but would be interested to hear how other institutions handle this topic. The youngest researchers (who often do a lion's share of the work) are most often disadvantaged by a system that rewards number of papers over scientific contribution to papers. They are also often those who feel most powerless to exert their point of view about authorship.

      Cheers, Penny

      report
  7. Greg Masters

    Management Consultant

    I'm not a scientist (although my institution with severe physics envy did hand me a BSc because we played cruelly with some rats and did some stats). Worse still, I'm a DMC (dreaded management consultant) fond of TLAs (three letter acronyms). But I do fine it disappointing that this article is replete with unsubstantiated assertions and ad hominem arguments that would guarantee an F in any undergraduate degree. Much less a scientific one.

    In any case, is it such a bad thing that the occasional scientist with a high profile (gasp) emerges from the lab, dusts off the cobwebs and tries to contribute to policy and making society better? Even if some do it for personal aggrandisement, that doesn't mean science trying to influence the political process is inherently bad.

    Admittedly, though, it could be a descent into things like populist websites that combine academic rigour with journalistic flair. No self-respecting scientist would engage in that, would they Matthew?

    report
    1. Matthew Bailes

      Pro-Vice Chancellor (Research) at Swinburne University of Technology

      In reply to Greg Masters

      Greg - it isn't a scientific paper. If you want substantiated arguments, read my science papers.

      This is an op-ed piece aimed at a trend I observe due to policy, not individuals.

      I think what Brian Schmidt and Chubb are doing for science is fantastic. Let them preach the gospel!

      p.s. I find "The Conversation" my favourite source of news for academics, and without authors it wouldn't exist.

      report
  8. Kevin Orrman-Rossiter

    Senior Research Services Officer, Faculty of Science at University of Melbourne

    Matthew, like your article, thanks. I find that I agree with Alan Dorin and questioning when did this 'golden age' exist where all scientists were total rationalists. My reading of science history demonstrates that scientists are after all humans too - with all the vanities and foibles that go with that. They (we) may be representative of the intelligent end of that spectrum of humans - but still human.

    report
  9. Gert van der Westhuizen

    Lecturer

    Much of the politics in higher education is determined by the way in which research work is acknowledged in terms of quantitative indicators, i.e. the number of publications in accredited journals and books- this is like counting the toes of the research footprint, and not looking at the shape, size and direction of the footprint. The latter is about qualitative indicators of research - are there examples of such indicators and how they are used?

    Gert
    Univ of Johannesburg, South Africa

    report
  10. William Bennett

    Postdoctoral Research Fellow at Griffith University

    Great article Matthew.

    I am less than 1 year out of my PhD in environmental/analytical chemistry and the first year of my postdoc has been very illuminating, to say the least!

    It became extremely clear to me, rather rapidly, that there are a few researchers in a uni that are the 'top dogs'. They are usually heads of research centres and have extremely strong grant funding records. They are very adept at pushing for exactly what they want - and often getting it. The university cannot refuse…

    Read more
    1. Matthew Bailes

      Pro-Vice Chancellor (Research) at Swinburne University of Technology

      In reply to William Bennett

      Hi William,

      As a former head of a research centre, and with a reasonable grant/publication record, I guess I have seen this from both sides.

      It would be a touch hypocritical of me to paint myself as some sort of "guy in the trenches" when I've been on national committees etc etc.

      Many of the people at the top of the political/grant power hierarchy had to work very hard to get there, and probably did some very good work to enable them to win their first grants.

      But I think the positive feedback that kicks in around age 35 soon bifurcates the academic community. And yes you are right that once a University has "a star" they will do everything they can to keep them.

      I think that ultimately you need a plan for your career, and one that you feel comfortable pursuing.

      Matthew.

      report
  11. Comment removed by moderator.

  12. Fred Pribac

    logged in via email @internode.on.net

    A well written cry of frustration that I think many of us share. Issues around the increased corporatisation of science have been creeping to the fore as long as I have been an observer.

    The two things that irritate me most about these trends:

    1. When universities and commonwealth scientific agencies are forced to go to industry with cap in hand then those agencies are no longer in a reputable position to answer questions from a public or social perspective. The questions that get asked and…

    Read more
    1. Mark Kirkland

      Team leader, bio materials research

      In reply to Fred Pribac

      Fred - interesting that you equate the politicisation of science and science funding with corporatisation and the "evil" of industry funding. To me, the problems Matthew is identifying occur preferentially in the public grants scheme - the people who get grants are the ones who got the grants last time, the ones who are known to the grant review panel because they sit on the same committees, the ones who have got their names on a hundred papers written by students and post docs. When success rates…

      Read more
    2. Fred Pribac

      logged in via email @internode.on.net

      In reply to Fred Pribac

      Mark,

      thanks for your comments and I aree with much of what you say. However, I would like to defend myself and say that I didn't equate industry funding with "evil" - I simply said it tended to be self-serving!

      So ... yes ... industry funding may in fact be spread a little more equatibly in some fields of research than funding from government grants but ... it'd be a brave industry that funded public research that was likely to confirm substantial environmental or public health problems resulting from its operations.

      I was making the point that the tide has swung a long way in the last twenty or thirty years and that it's now exceptionally hard to get funded to do something that doesn't turn a dollar for somebody else. Just as the research dollar is biased towards former recipients it may also be increasingly biased away from public good. So ... there remains a pressing need for funding from the public purse even if it comes with it's own set of baggage.

      report