Countries that have successfully decreased illicit trade have typically used a combination of political will and technology. South Africa should join the pack.
One-third of the world’s population is latently infected with the bacteria that cause tuberculosis.
shutterstock
The brain function of HIV-positive women who experienced childhood trauma is more compromised than that of women who are only HIV positive.
A Malian mother waits to have her baby vaccinated. Though access to health care has improved, many people say their governments must do more.
Dominic Chavez/World Bank
In many rural areas, poor people are suffering from malnutrition, which takes the form of stunting and obesity. To change this, their food environments must change.
Women in Africa have poor access to emergency obstetric care during childbirth.
David Mooring/flickr
More than two million women across the world suffer from obstetric fistula – a hole in the birth canal that makes them incontinent – but this can be avoided.
Hypertension is one of the leading causes of cardiovascular diseases such as stroke, heart attacks, heart failure and peripheral vascular disease. And in the developing world, it is on the rise.
African scientists have developed and patented a test for TB that overcomes two major challenges with current methods: it delivers quick results and is much cheaper.
Mental health problems need to be addressed to control the HIV epidemic, but such treatment is not yet part of the HIV care package in sub-Saharan Africa.
In South Africa, many child homicides are the result of children being abandoned.
Shutterstock
Childhood asthma in low- and middle-income countries is on the rise and symptoms are often more severe. Contributory factors include living with anxiety and being exposed to community violence.
Women should attend antenatal clinics in the first trimester of their pregnancies and regularly thereafter to avoid complications during childbirth.
Shutterstock
Early antenatal care allows for early detection of HIV, a contributor to maternal mortality, as well as the treatment of other potentially life-threatening conditions associated with pregnancy.
Non-communicable diseases are skyrocketing in Kenya and Uganda. Though the countries’ governments have a responsibility to tackle the problem, individuals need to take action too.
A Nigerian woman purchases a mosquito net from a medical supply vendor.
Arne Hoel / World Bank
They not only bear the heaviest burden of malaria on the continent: Nigerians are also paying the most for services related to the disease.
An Ethiopian boy receives a polio vaccination. Africa has done well with polio eradication but lags behind other vaccination efforts.
Unicef Ethiopia/2013/Sewunet
Every year hundreds of thousands of children die from vaccine-preventable diseases. Africa leaders could change this if they improved vaccination efforts.
Campaigns like the Lagos AIDS Walk have created awareness of HIV in Nigeria’s capital, but they are lacking in rural areas, where stigmatisation is rife.
Reuters/Akintunde Akinleye
Hand, foot and mouth disease may not be a public health priority, but parents and caregivers at day-care centres should still be careful about its spread.