French soldiers patrol in armoured personnel carriers during the Barkhane operation in northern Burkina Faso in 2019.
Michele Cattani/AFP via Getty Images
More than 20 years after the shift from unilateralism to multilateralism, it is reasonable to wonder how multilateral France’s ‘new interventionism’ really is.
A soldier from Niger patrols near the border with Nigeria. Porous borders with Nigeria and Mali are hotbeds for Jihadists and marauding local militias.
Giles Clark/GettyImages
The composer, performer and poet was an artistic pioneer of lasting and distinctive gifts, and bottomless stamina. He gave us over 70 years of high-octane Somali musical mastery.
Bam, a province Burkina Faso, was once a migration source due to land degradation. This is changing thanks to soil and water conservation projects.
flickr/ Ollivier Girard/ CIFOR
Soil and water conservation projects can create fertile farmlands and change migration patterns linked to land degradation in Burkina Faso.
Presidents Ibrahim Boubacar Keita (Mali), Mahamadou Issoufou (Niger), Roch Marc Christian Kabore (Burkina Faso) and Mohamed Ould Abdel Aziz (Mauritanie).
Olympia De Maismont/AFP
Ismaila Kane, L’Université d’Ottawa/University of Ottawa
A weakened central power makes it easier for violent groups - like highway bandits, local militias and armed bands of jihadists - to emerge and thrive.
The average woman in Niger has over seven children – nearly triple the average across developing countries.
Reuters/Tim Cocks
Research shows that unrest, even terrorism, can erupt in poor countries with a surplus of young people and not enough jobs. Can Niger, a once-peaceful sub-Saharan African nation, handle its baby boom?
Hezbollah supporters during a martyrs day event in November 2018 in Lebanon.
Nabil Mounzer/EPA
Leigh Ann Winowiecki, Center for International Forestry Research – World Agroforestry (CIFOR-ICRAF) and Tor-Gunnar Vågen, Center for International Forestry Research – World Agroforestry (CIFOR-ICRAF)
A Land Degradation Surveillance framework could solve this problem by systematically measuring and tracking indicators of land health in Africa.
Julien Brachet, Institut de recherche pour le développement (IRD)
As in the Mediterranean, travel through the Sahara is difficult and unnecessarily dangerous by increased checks and control.
A refugee family who was evacuated from Libya leave an UNHCR office in Niamey, on November 17, 2017, after being interviewed by protection officers of the French Office of Protection Refugees and Stateless Persons (OFPRA).
Sia Kambou/AFP
Head of Data & Analytics and Senior Researcher for the Small Arms Survey, Graduate Institute – Institut de hautes études internationales et du développement (IHEID)
Board Chair, Global EverGreening Alliance & Distinguished Senior Fellow, World Agroforestry (ICRAF), Center for International Forestry Research – World Agroforestry (CIFOR-ICRAF)
Senior Researcher and Coordinator of the Security Assessment in North Africa project at the Small Arms Survey, Graduate Institute – Institut de hautes études internationales et du développement (IHEID)