Ryan studies the relationships between social problems and scientific research. His work addresses question such as: What kinds of social benefit can we reasonably expect from scientific research? What role do values play in our science system? How do managers approach the task of deciding what research to fund? How do particular types of research gain importance and influence in academic and policy circles?
Ryan's dissertation research at Arizona State University focused on climate science and climate adaptation research in the US and Australia. In 2009 he came to Australia on a Fulbright Scholarship to conduct research on two new federal level programs: CSIRO's Climate Adaptation Flagship, and the National Climate Change Adaptation Research Facility. He has remained in Australia as a visiting fellow at the University of Melbourne, and is working with CSIRO, Australian National University, and the Department of Innovation, Industry, Science and Research (DIISR) to begin implementing some of his findings.