The internment centre at Deoli in Rajasthan where Chinese people were held for up to five years after the month-long border conflict.
indiadeoli.wordpress.com
Overnight, Chinese people found themselves classed as “aliens” in India, which for some was the only country they’d ever known. But worse, many were detained for up to five years.
Japanese internees starting to leave the train which brought them from Hay on their way to the Loveday Internment Camp Group in the Barmera area (1943, Renmark, South Australia).
Australian War Memorial/Photo: Hedley Keith Cullen
Reflecting on the wartime treatment of two Japanese Australians (or Nikkei) raises the spectre of our racist past - and can prompt us to consider the vulnerabilities of Asian Australians today.
Carvings and barbed wire illustrate the Bainbridge Island Japanese American Exclusion Memorial on Bainbridge Island, Wash. The site, designed by architect Johnpaul Jones, opened in 2011.
(AP/Seattle Times/Jordan Stead)
Social movement theory helps to explain why Japanese-Americans received reparations but the same will be much more challenging to provide for African-Americans.