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The same amino acid can be encoded by anywhere from one to six different strings of letters in the genetic code. Andrzej Wojcicki/Science Photo Library via Getty Images

Your genetic code has lots of ‘words’ for the same thing – information theory may help explain the redundancies

Many of the amino acids that make up proteins are encoded by genetic material in more than one way. An information theorist explains how principles of nature may account for this variance.
Many older people with health insurance coverage through Medicare still can’t afford the care they need. RichLegg/E+ via Getty Images

Where the government draws the line for Medicaid coverage leaves out many older Americans who may need help paying for medical and long-term care bills – new research

Increasing the number of older people with both Medicaid and Medicare would mean fewer of them would be forced to skimp on the care and treatment they need.
For many people with fragile X, the mutated gene that causes symptoms is active rather than silenced. Thom Leach/Science Photo Library

Fragile X syndrome often results from improperly processed genetic material – correctly cutting RNA offers a potential treatment

Fragile X syndrome is the most common inherited form of intellectual disability. Using short bits of DNA to fix improperly transcribed genes may one day be a potential treatment option.
New measurements from Japan’s Subaru telescope have helped researchers study the matter-antimatter asymmetry problem. Javier Zayas Photography/Moment via Getty

Measuring helium in distant galaxies may give physicists insight into why the universe exists

The way particles interacted while the universe was forming seconds after the Big Bang could explain why the universe exists the way it does – a physicist explains matter-antimatter asymmetry.
Without home cooling, Phoenix’s weeks with temperatures over 110 F in July 2023 became dangerous. Brandon Bell/Getty Images

Extreme heat is particularly hard on older adults – an aging population and climate change put ever more people at risk

Health and climate change researchers explain the risks and why older adults, even those in northern states, need to pay attention.
Former President Donald Trump’s classified documents trial will take place at the Alto Lee Adams Sr. United States Courthouse in Fort Pierce, Florida. Joe Raedle/Getty Images

Despite calls for her to recuse herself from Trump’s criminal case, Judge Aileen Cannon’s situation doesn’t meet the standard for when a judge should step away

Trump appointed Cannon to the bench, but that alone is not a good enough reason for her to recuse herself from the case.
Learning how to treat endocrine disorders in horses may also lead to treatments in people, and vice versa. Catherine Falls Commercial/Moment via Getty Images

Horse health research will help humans stay healthy, too, with insights on reining in diabetes and obesity

Horses and humans share biological similarities that lead them to suffer from similar endocrine and orthopedic diseases. A number of treatments that work for one species often work for the other.
American Muslim women on pilgrimage at the Prophet’s Mosque in Medina in 2023. Iqbal Akhtar

Women can now undertake Islamic pilgrimages without a male guardian in Saudi Arabia, but that doesn’t mean they’re traveling alone – communities are an important part of the religious experience

A religion scholar argues that the communal nature of Islamic pilgrimage helps worshippers go through a physically demanding schedule and creates camaraderie that continues beyond the pilgrimage.