Consolidating peace efforts across the vast territory has proved difficult for close to three decades. Scholars explain why.
A Congolese army tank heads towards the front line against M23 in the area surrounding the North Kivu city of Goma in May 2022.
Photo by Arlette Bashizi/AFP via Getty Images
Violence in the Democratic Republic of Congo is used to win a place in government, not to overthrow it. And it keeps working.
A peacekeeper protects civilians who fled violent clashes between the army and the ex-rebels of the “M23” in eastern DRC in January 2022.
Photo by Glody Murhabazi/AFP via GettyImages
Recent clashes put eastern Congo’s M23 into the headlines again, but many other security problems persist in the area as diplomats struggle to tackle the underlying causes.
Displaced people arrive in Pemba, Mozambique, after fleeing Palma following a brutal attack by Islamist insurgents in March.
John Wessels/AFF via Getty Images
Jan Smuts Professor of International Relations and Director of the African Centre for the Study of the United States (ACSUS), University of the Witwatersrand