Tuz Lake, once the second-largest lake in Turkey, has almost entirely receded in 2021, following a climate-induced drought and decades of agricultural polices that depleted groundwater.
(AP Photo/Emrah Gurel)
On the tail of yet another year of climate disasters, 2022 ushers in the final version of the Paris Agreement, making it a functioning global climate treaty. But it alone can’t save us.
New Zealand’s international pledges, domestic laws and carbon budgets run on different timelines. They could be better aligned to make sure everyone understands how Aotearoa plans to cut emissions.
COP26 negotiations, and outcomes, have polarised the international climate community.
COP26/Flickr
Uncertainty about carbon market rules will be problematic for New Zealand, given its reliance on overseas carbon trading to meet its new climate pledge.
In Paris, the French drafted ambitious texts and dared the biggest emitters to oppose it. In Glasgow, it’s the least developed countries which will have to do the most work.
New Zealand has announced a more ambitious pledge to cut emissions, but the commitment relies on buying credits from offshore. There is no system for doing this yet, or for ensuring genuine cuts.
Coal accounted for 10 billion tonnes of carbon dioxide emissions globally in 2018. Germany plans to close its coal-fired power stations, like this one in Luetzerath, by 2038.
(AP Photo/Michael Probst)
A global emissions-credit trading system could bring an end to the production of coal-fired electricity, spur innovation and help countries meet their greenhouse gas emissions goals.
Pacific nations look to New Zealand for climate leadership. It has enshrined carbon neutrality by 2050 and a 1.5℃ target in law, but, so far, emissions have continued to rise.
Some programs or activities may inadvertently help curb greenhouse gas emissions or help communities adapt. Countries must take stock of these if we are to fully understand how close we are to meeting the goals of the Paris Agreement.
(Shutterstock)
Every five years nations must evaluate their progress towards the goals of the Paris Agreement. But this “stocktake” lacks detail making it difficult to measure progress on climate action.
French President Emmanuel Macron delivers a video address during the 2020 Climate Ambition Summit.
EPA-EFE/Kenzo Tribouillard
Under the Paris Agreement, countries have registered plans to meet emissions reductions, but the current pledges, if fully realised, would take us to 2℃ by the 2050s.