Roman mosaic illustrating a winemaking scene from the fourth century CE at Santa Costanza, Rome.
E. Dodd
This exciting newly excavated complex illustrates how elite Romans fused utilitarian function with luxurious decoration and theatre to fashion their social and political status.
Preparation of actors for a satyric drama, from the House of the Tragic Poet, Pompeii.
Wikimedia Commons
Collecting choice Latin lines is easy – the difficulty is trying to work out what they add up to. And women, in particular, come off badly in this collection of Latin’s greatest hits.
The Colchester vase, dating to the later second century AD.
Following Hadrian/Flickr
The Colchester vase contains the remains a male of about 40 years of age and not of local origin. Could he have been a gladiator?
Mosaic in the entrance to the caldarium of the House of Menander, Pompei, 1st century A.D.
Wikimedia
Even if Ovid leaves it out, the female sex organ is well-attested in Greek and Latin medical literature.
The wooden phallus discovered at Vindolanda. Wooden Phallus
Courtesy of The Vindolanda Trust.
There would have been plenty of time during the long, dark, Northern nights for ancient Roman shoemakers to indulge in side hustles.
Wikimedia Commons
The recently discovered 2,000 year old Roman dildo barely makes a dint in the long-standing history of sex-toys and aids.
The atrium of the House of the Vettii, Pompeii.
Courtesy of the Archaeological Park of Pompeii
Sexuality in Ancient Rome was more preoccupied with power dynamics than it was with gender – as an expert in visual cultures of sexuality explains.
‘The Nativity,’ circa 1406-10, by Lorenzo Monaco.
Heritage Images/Hulton Archive via Getty Images
The idea of virgin birth has been part of Christianity since the start, but its significance has shifted over time.
Archaeology students and ULAS staff from University of Leicester carefully clean the fully exposed Trojan War mosaic.
© ULAS
Rutland’s Roman villa caused a media storm when it was first discovered in 2020 – now researchers have returned to uncover even more surprises.
The coin bearing the head of the mysterious Sponsian.
Hunterian Glasgow
Disregarded as ‘fakes’ for decades, new analysis of coins bearing the face of a mysterious emperor is providing answers about a heady gap in Roman history.
AP Photo/Alastair Grant, Pool, File
The British crown is the only surviving European monarchy that retains a coronation.
Laurel was an ancient symbol of medicine, the arts and the end of war.
naphtalina/E+ via Getty Images
Just in time for this year’s Nobel Prize announcements, here’s how the symbolism of a plant associated with the god Apollo lives on in modern-day laureates.
A Ukrainian inspects a ruined Russian tank displayed on the streets of Kyiv.
Thomas O'Neill/NurPhoto via Getty Images
Displays of captured Russian weaponry aim to show the strength of the foe Ukrainians face, but also that victory is possible.
Jacques-Louis David, The Lictors bringing to Brutus the bodies of his dead sons, 1789 Paris, Louvre.
Musée du Louvre
Jacques-Louis David’s picture of death and despair has a strange and compelling beauty.
Three soldiers (far right) carry karnyxes, long horns with frightening boar-headed mouths that produce eerie calls during battle.
Prisma/Universal Images Group via Getty Images
Since antiquity people have harnessed sound as a weapon, and the practice continues – in new high-tech ways – today.
shutterstock.
Mulled wine has been around for at least 2,000 years.
mararie/flickr
Pompeii is remembered as a place of surprising liberality – but the ‘masturbating man’ is probably a far less lurid tale than assumed.
Francesco Solimena, Death of Messalina (about 1704/1712)
The Getty
A patchwork of Roman laws (including Rome’s complex murder laws) sought to address coercive and violent behaviour
The Feast of the Bean King, painted by Jacob Jordaens around 1640-1645.
Kunsthistorisches Museum, Vienna
We tend to romanticise the Christmas season, that time of year when we gather with friends and family, feast and be merry. But for most of its history Christmas has been a time of sordid behaviour.
Perfumes, potions and witches have been entwined for centuries.
Frederick Stuart Church/Smithsonian American Art Museum/Wikimedia Commons
Scent and magic have been entwined in our imaginations for centuries – right up to today’s witch-inspired perfumes.