Joshua Bell is a PhD Candidate in the Department of Political and International Studies at Rhodes University. His research focuses on political economies and the analysis of systemic forms of power and oppression. Joshua's PhD thesis is titled 'Social upgrading or dependency? Investigating the implications of the inclusion of commercial wine farms within South African Fairtrade certification' and is in the process of being examined. This study asks if the inclusion of commercial wine farms within the South African Fairtrade model promotes or undermines the social upgrading of farmworker livelihoods.