People carry some of their belongings as they flee clashes between M23 rebels and government forces near Sake on 7 February 2024.
Photo by Aubin Mukoni /AFP via Getty Images
Regional countries are embroiled in a geopolitical struggle over influence and survival.
Banyamulenge community members at the funeral of one of their own in eastern DRC.
Alexis Huguet/AFP via Getty Images
The Banyamulenge have been viewed as strangers in their own country – the violence targeting them revolves around this misconception.
A billboard highlights Rwanda’s 100-day commemoration of the 1994 genocide.
Thierry Falise/LightRocket via Getty Images
In 2003, Rwanda adopted a policy of ethnic non-recognition. However, for 100 days in a year, it centres ethnicity in the country’s psyche.
A soldier from the armed forces of the DRC on foot patrol in the village of Manzalaho near Beni.
Alexis Huguet / AFP via Getty Images
Violence in the DRC can be brought to an end if the geographical scope of the conflict is broadened to include all neighbouring countries.
Rwanda has four official languages; Kinyarwanda, English, French and Swahili.
Stephanie Aglietti/AFP via Getty Images
Colonisation, genocide and changes in official languages have resulted in the hybridisation of languages. A mix of Kinyarwanda, French and English is dubbed kinyafranglais.
It’s not enough for textbooks just to be present in a classroom. They must support learning.
Global Partnership for Education/Flickr
Textbooks in sufficient quantities are effective in improving the quality of education but in Africa language poses a problem to how pupils interact with the material they are taught.