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Articles on Mathematical models

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Existing models have over-estimated the role of north Africa as the primary source of global dust emissions for nearly 30 years. GizemG/Shutterstock

Why we need to rethink what we know about dust

New research reveals our understanding of dust’s role in the environment is far from settled.
Astronomers can estimate ages for stars outside the Solar System, but not planets. Corbis Historical via Getty Images

How do astronomers know the age of the planets and stars?

Measuring the ages of planets and stars is tricky. An observational astrophysicist describes the subtle clues that provide good estimates for how old different space objects are.
A nurse at the Royal Free Hospital in London simulates the administration of the Pfizer vaccine on Dec. 4, 2020 to support staff training ahead of the rollout in the United Kingdom. (Yui Mok/Pool Photo via AP)

Which age group — old or young — should get the COVID-19 vaccine first may depend on timing

If supplies of COVID-19 vaccine are initially limited, who should be vaccinated first? A mathematical model shows when and why it’s best to start with the young, and when older people should go first.
Mathematical models can help figure out class sizes and configurations to minimize disruptions and school closures. (Shutterstock)

Large class sizes during the coronavirus pandemic are a triple whammy

Schools reopening during the current coronavirus pandemic need to calculate class sizes to prevent the spread of disease and minimize disruptions.
Safety precautions like wearing face masks and leaving space between desks are also important to limit the coronavirus’s spread. Ben Hasty/MediaNews Group/Reading Eagle via Getty Images

Reopening elementary schools carries less COVID-19 risk than high schools – but that doesn’t guarantee safety

New research points to why reopening elementary schools is the safest bet and what else needs to happen for schools to have the best chance of staying open.
Getty Images

Choices in a fog of uncertainty: lessons for coronavirus from climate change

The science to policy process that was developed to guide climate mitigation decisions can be applied to the response to the COVID-19 pandemic, without having to be reinvented.
California is working with Oregon and Washington on coordinated plans for phasing in the reopening of restaurants, stores and other parts of their economies in a way that can keep the coronavirus pandemic at bay. Amy Sussman/Getty Images

Why there isn’t a one-size-fits-all plan for states to reopen their economies

How and when the US economy reopens will look different state to state, and for good reasons. This Q&A explains why, and why some states are working together.

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