Belarus president Alexander Lukashenko with Vladimir Putin at military exercises in Kaliningrad in 2013.
EPA/Alexey Druginyn/Ria Novosti/Kremlin pool
What are tactical nuclear weapons and would Russia resort to using them in Ukraine?
The Ariane 6 launcher, show during tests in 2021, will be used to launch satellites for France’s “Céleste” and “Iris” surveillance programs.
DLR/Flickr
While many countries have tested anti-satellite missiles, France has committed itself not to do so. For what reasons, and with what consequences?
This Russian short-range cruise missile, the Iskander-K, can carry nuclear warheads for several hundred miles.
Russian Defense Ministry Press Service photo via AP
Tactical nuclear weapons were designed to be used on the battlefield rather than for strategic defense, but that doesn’t mean there’s a plausible case for using them.
U.S. Secretary of State Antony Blinken speaks during the 2022 Review Conference of the Parties to the Treaty on the Nonproliferation of Nuclear Weapons at the United Nations on Aug. 1, 2022.
Angela Weiss/AFP via Getty Images
Policymakers often think of their decisions about nuclear weapons as moral, a nuclear ethicist explains – which is key to understanding their motives.
Mikhail Klimentyev/AP/AAP
Using nuclear weapons in Ukraine would be difficult and risky for Russia.
Serhii Milekhin via Shutterstock
The policy introduced the chilling concept of ‘escalate to de-escalate’.
Hiroshima after the US military dropped the atomic bomb on 6 August 1945.
Peace Memorial Museum
Kwame Nkrumah and Ali Mazrui associated nuclear weapons with imperialism and racism, but proposed different approaches to address the problem they present.
People shout anti-Indian slogans during a protest against India, in Karachi, Pakistan. March 3, 2019.
EPA Images
A nuclear exchange, which would unleash untold destruction on both countries’ civilian populations, remains a possibility.
Lay down your arms.
EPA/Yuri Kochetkov
A new strategy from the UN secretary general challenges the world to explain why it’s not doing more to defuse the nuclear threat.
Back with a bang.
EPA/Franck Robichon
Pyongyang’s latest test isn’t the great leap forward it purports to be.
Pyongyang’s Korean People’s Army shows what it can do.
EPA/KCNA
In international relations, words matter – and so does the credibility of the speaker.
There’s principles, and then there’s policy.
Anthony Devlin/PA Archive/PA Images
The way Corbyn’s Labour has handled Trident and defence is perfectly in line with Labour’s history since the 1960s.
An unverified photo of the ballistic rocket test-fired on May 30 released by North Korea’s Korean Central News Agency.
KCNA via Reuters
Game theory applies to conflict and cooperation within competitive situations.
Seismic waves observed in South Korea after North Korea claimed it tested a hydrogen bomb on January 6 2016.
Kim Hong-Ji/Reuters
The key question is whether North Korea does have nuclear weapons that it can readily use against the United States and its regional allies, South Korea and Japan.
Ready.
EPA/Ng Hong
Beijing has traditionally retained its nuclear weapons on a no-first-use basis, but it’s ready to deploy them more assertively.
Don’t panic.
EPA/KCNA
One of the world’s worst nightmares could in fact be an unexpected opportunity.
The Weapons Engineer Officer’s Tactical Trigger, which would be used in the event of a missile launch.
Danny Lawson/PA
The entire concept of nuclear deterrence depends on the assumption that everything will always work perfectly.
HMS Vengeance, off and away.
Ben Birchall/PA
Reports of a failed Trident missile launch have all sorts of political and security implications – but they don’t necessarily spell catastrophe.
Can we reduce the likelihood of digital attacks?
Digital defense via shutterstock.com
For decades, deterrence has effectively countered the threat of nuclear weapons. Can we achieve similar results against cyber weapons?
President Obama unveils ‘Prague Agenda’ on nukes in 2009.
EPA
With a $1 trillion modernisation programme signed off and atomic scientists deeply worried about the future, American policy on nuclear weapons is pretty much business as usual.