For some people, it’s a choice based on cultural beliefs or economic opportunities provided by the volcano. Other times it’s less a choice than the only option.
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Volcanoes themselves can also impact the climate, due to a “cooling effect” that comes after eruptions.
Before the deadly eruption of Whakaari White Island in December 2019, pressure and a tremor built up in a pattern seen in other volcanoes. It could help scientists develop an early-warning system.
When magma rises towards the surface gas bubbles start to form. Whether or not they can escape as the magma is rising affects how explosive the eruption will be.
The Kīlauea volcano on Hawai'i’s big island is threatening to produce violent and energetic eruptions not seen since 1924.
The short answer is that while lava is hot, it’s not hot enough to melt the rocks that make up the side of the volcano.
And will the aviation sector implement vital lessons learned from Icelandic disruption in 2010?
Les contributeurs les plus fréquents
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Associate Professor of Volcanology and Geoscience Communication, University of Twente and Adjunct Associate Professor, Monash University
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Associate Professor in Science and Technology Studies, Director of the UCL Warning Research Centre, UCL
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Emeritus professor in geology, Australian National University
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Senior Lecturer in Earth Sciences, University of Tasmania
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Professor of Earth Sciences, University of Auckland, Waipapa Taumata Rau
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Senior lecturer, University of Canterbury
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Post Doctoral Researcher, University of Canterbury
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Associate Professor of Geology, University of Richmond
