Diagnosing babies with HIV as early as possible is critical to ensuring that they get onto treatment.
Zawadi Juluis Saidi had reconstructive surgery on her cleft lip at a Dar es Salaam hospital. African children face huge barriers to surgery.
Reuters/Sala Lewis
Fixing facial birth defects helps a child’s optimal growth. But collaboration is needed if developing countries are to increase access to reconstructive surgery.
Antiretroviral treatment prevents the virus from multiplying and prolongs the lives of HIV positive people.
Thomas Mukoya/Reuters
HIV self-testing is a potential strategy to overcome access to testing. However, there are emerging concerns on the lack of counselling, possible user error and accuracy of the kits.
Nairobi’s Dandora waste dumpsite – still in use after being declared a health hazard in 2001.
Reuters/Thomas Mukoya
Only a quarter of Nairobi’s solid waste reaches the main dumpsite east of the city. Piles of uncollected garbage are a common sight across the capital.
There are differences in the smoking patterns of rural and urban communities. These must be recognised and included in tobacco control interventions to reduce use.
When there are two malaria prevention interventions available people don’t take an either or approach – they consider that the two interventions are complementary.
A nurse weighs a baby at a clinic in Accra, Ghana.
Kate Holt/MCSP
After an exceptional period of success in global malaria control, the progress has stalled. New strategies are needed to suit a variety of transmission patterns.
As cities in developing countries - like Lagos in Nigeria, pictured here - grow, so do obesity risks.
Reuters/Akintunde Akinleye
Governments must understand that the factors making cities convenient and productive also make their residents prone to obesity. They must confront this challenge with intelligent, focused policies.
South Africa’s data rollout of its pre-exposure prophylaxis shows that there is a relatively slow, but increasing, uptake. However, more needs to be done to target young women.
South Africa has made tremendous progress towards meeting the 90-90-90 targets but there are some challenges preventing it from reaching the goals set by UNAIDS.
To get an effective vaccine for HIV/AIDS, scientists need to understand exactly how the virus works and immune system responds to it. African scientists have come one step closer.
There is an urgent need for affordable cancer treatment services, lower drug costs, better equipped facilities, favourable national cancer policies and specialist doctors in Kenya.
Irrigated fields, like these in Nigeria, increase the risk of workers getting malaria.
Arne Hoel / World Bank
Health investments raise worker productivity, but firms may not observe changes in worker effort. Technology that measures physical activity demonstrates these potential gains.