Climate mitigation efforts are unlikely to be enough to save critical ecosystems like the Great Barrier Reef. We may need to consider more radical environmental engineering.
From biotech to climate change, advances in technology raise significant moral questions. To engage responsibly, our next generation of scientists need training in the arts and ethics.
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Universities must train scientists to engage with the ethics of emerging technologies, rather than functioning as cogs in the engine of economic development. Integrating the arts into STEM can help.
Is this the endgame for any geoengineering scenario?
'Geostorm' still
A disaster fantasy raises questions about tinkering with Earth’s climate. With real-life scientists exploring geoengineering, what conversations should we be having now around these technologies?
The prospect of attempting to engineer the world’s climate has become a lot more real since the Paris Agreement.
The Paris Agreement could provide a forum for international cooperation on risky, planet-scale engineering to cool the Earth.
Tatiana Grozetskaya/Shutterstcok.com
It’s increasingly likely that at some point, the world’s nations will need to broach the fraught discussion of geoengineering. The UN climate accord was a natural forum to do it.
The Paris agreement has given us some solid targets to aim for in terms of limiting global warming. But that in turn begs a whole range of new scientific questions.
Will the world resort to ‘solar radiation management’ to slow the Earth’s heating?
Mark Robinson/flickr
Simon Nicholson, American University School of International Service and Michael Thompson, American University School of International Service
Yes, we blunt the effects of climate change by getting off fossil fuels. But countries’ most ambitious targets imply use of climate engineering schemes – and that discussion should be done in public.
Clearing mulga woodland in Queensland to open up land for cattle during drought.
M. Venterriven
We’re going to have to adapt to climate change, but some of the options on the table could do more harm than good if they destroy the ecosystems that protect us.
Sometime soon we’ll need to take more carbon out of the atmosphere than we emit – but how?
Volcanoes produce large amounts of a gas that interacts with air to produce sulfate aerosols, which act as tiny mirrors in the atmosphere to reflect sunlight – and heat.
NASA
Blocking the sun by injecting tiny particles in the atmosphere – called solar geoengineering – can lower the Earth’s temperature but has some real costs. Economists run the numbers.
Volcanic eruptions lead to global cooling – could we mimic them?
Beawiharta Beawiharta / Reuters
The dust storm that turned Sydney red in 2009 triggered plankton blooms in the Tasman Sea, demonstrating how we might fertilise the ocean to take up more carbon dioxide.
Imagine building a dam across the Strait of Gibraltar and draining the Mediterranean in order to generate vast amounts of hydroelectricity and create fertile new lands.
Geoengineering the climate may be more palatable if it supports natural processes.
Tree planting image from www.shutterstock.com
No matter how much we reduce greenhouse gas emissions, it will not be enough to keep global warming below 2C. Does this mean we should give up? Not at all.
Replanting forests is one way to remove carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. This is a site in China.
CIFOR/Flickr