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Articles on Soviet Union (USSR)

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The International Space Station is a great example of how space has, for the most part, been a peaceful and collaborative international arena. NASA Marshall Spaceflight Center/Flickr

Space law hasn’t been changed since 1967 – but the UN aims to update laws and keep space peaceful

Activities in space today are far more numerous and complicated compared to 1967, before humans had landed on the moon or Elon Musk had been born. Two experts explain the need for better laws to keep space peaceful.
Benedict Cumberbatch plays British businessman Greville Wynne who gets caught up in espionage during the Cuban Missile Crisis. Liam Daniel

How ordinary people are convinced to become spies

American intelligence has recognised there are four reasons why a ‘normal’ person might be convinced to spy.
A man reacts as he gets a shot of the one-dose Sputnik Light vaccine at a mobile vaccination station in St. Petersburg, Russia. (AP Photo/Elena Ignatyeva)

Making sense of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in Russia: Lessons from the past and present

Coverage of Russian vaccination rollout has focused largely on concerns about ethics of development and inconsistent messaging. But Russian-language research complicates this picture.
The US ambassador to the USSR, George Kennan, chats with a reporter in 1952 after the Soviets told the US State Department that Kennan must be recalled immediately. Bettmann/contributor/Getty Images

George Kennan urged American leadership and patience to counter the Soviets. Instead, the Cold War ensued

Kennan was one of America’s few true experts on Soviet affairs. He famously urged a “Containment” strategy to prevent Soviet expansionism, advising against military responses and arms build-ups.
US President Ronald Reagan meeting with Soviet dissident Andrei Sakharov in the Oval Office in 1988. White House Photographic Collection/Wikimedia Commons

How Andrei Sakharov went from Soviet hero to dissident — and forced the world to pay attention to human rights

Andrei Sakharov was one of the most brilliant scientists of the nuclear age. But he is best remembered today as one of the most fearless defenders of human rights around the world.
With Raul Castro’s resignation as first secretary of the Communist Party, the Castro era is officially over in Cuba. Yamil Lage/AFP via Getty Images

What’s next for Cuba and the United States after Raul Castro’s retirement

Just as Fidel Castro’s 2016 death did not transform US-Cuba ties, his brother Raul’s exit from politics is unlikely to do so. But Cuba itself is changing. Eventually, Havana and Washington will, too.
Ilya Glazunov’s painting Eternal Russia (Glazunov Museum, Moscow) expresses ideas dear to contemporary propagators of cosmism, notably the alliance of Soviet modernity and the traditional values of the Russian empire. Wikipédia

Russian Cosmism: a national mythology against transhumanism

Cosmism, a theory that blends faith in science with religious traditionalism, serves as a source of inspiration for conservative Russian ideologues in search of a national idea.
Several countries are developing microwave weapons, like this U.S. Air Force system designed to knock down drones by frying their electronics. AFRL Directed Energy Directorate

Experts suggest US embassies were hit with high-power microwaves – here’s how the weapons work

High-power microwave weapons are useful for disabling electronics. A new report says they ‘plausibly explain’ some ailments suffered by US diplomats and CIA agents in Cuba, China and other countries.
Demonstrators in Zimbabwe chant slogans and wave flags during a rally to denounce EU and US sanctions against the country on October 25, 2019. Jekesai Njikizana/AFP

Under what conditions are international sanctions effective?

Countries or international organizations regularly enact sanctions against individual states. But how can the effectiveness of these measures be evaluated?
Alexei Navalny remains in hospital in Germany after he was poisoned in Siberia. Anatoly Maltsev/EPA

Alexei Navalny poisoning: what theatrical assassination attempts reveal about Vladimir Putin’s grip on power in Russia

Vladimir Putin is a standard-bearer, rather than a pioneer in the history of Soviet and Russian political assassination.
Charlottesville city workers drape a tarp over the statue of Confederate Gen. Robert E. Lee in 2018. Debate over removing the statue continues today. AP Photo/Steve Helber, File

Monuments ‘expire’ – but offensive monuments can become powerful history lessons

Once stripped of their symbolic power, problem monuments offer what educators call ‘teachable moments,’ helping people assess society’s current values and compare them with what mattered in the past.

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