Deanna Kemp, The University of Queensland; John Owen, The University of Queensland, and Kado Muir, Indigenous Knowledge
Energy transition minerals are essential to tackling climate change. But First Nations people must have a genuine say in where and how this happens.
Giant’s Causeway in Northern Ireland features around 40,000 exposed polygonal columns of basalt in perfect horizontal sections.
Chris Hill/Photodisc via Getty Images
Nature begins forming patterns at the molecular level – and sometimes they grow to enormous sizes.
There is a U.S. flag on the Moon, but in the future, countries may start to turn access to the Moon and asteroids into serious wealth.
NASA/Neil A. Armstrong
Current trends suggest that powerful nations are defining the rules of resource use in space and satellite access in ways that will make it hard for developing nations to ever catch up.
Maple syrup contains bioactive molecules whose benefits go far beyond the simple pleasure of a sweet treat.
(Shutterstock)
Studying these deposits gives scientists information about how past environments change. That, in turn, gives us informed estimates on how climates and environments will change in the near future.
Afghanistan has mineral resources that include precious gems and minerals such as copper and rare earth elements.
Majid Saeedi/Getty Images
Afghanistan has vast mineral resources that have long attracted interest from outside countries, but a lack of infrastructure and political instability means they’re unlikely to aid its economy now.
Fool’s gold, or pyrite, is made of worthless iron disulfide, but can contain tiny amounts of the real thing. Using an ‘atom probe’, research has uncovered a new way gold atoms can hide in pyrite crystals.
From orange juice, to tea and coffee, to alcohol — different drinks can have different effects on iron absorption. This is worth thinking about if your iron levels are low.
Wind turbines and fighter jets both rely on imported critical minerals.
U.S. Air Force; Dennis Schroeder/NREL
Right now, the nation is almost entirely dependent on other countries for minerals that are used in everything from wind turbines to strike fighters and satellites.
4 billion years ago, the Earth was composed of a series of magma oceans hundreds of kilometres deep.
Larich/Shutterstock
It seems the production of Earth science knowledge in Africa is simply not progressing, despite the world’s interest in (and exploitation of) the continent’s mineral wealth.
The Boundary Waters Canoe Area Wilderness draws thousands of visitors yearly.
Andy Witchger/Flickr
Conservation or copper? A proposed mine in northern Minnesota pits industrial jobs against a thriving outdoor economy.
Manganese nodules on the Atlantic Ocean floor off the southeastern United States, discovered in 2019 during the Deep Sea Ventures pilot test.
National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration
Companies are eager to mine the deep ocean for valuable mineral deposits. But scientists are concerned about impacts on sea life, including creatures that haven’t even been discovered yet.
Weathering of rocks like these basalt formations in Idaho triggers chemical processes that remove carbon dioxide from the air.
Matthew Dillon/Flickr
To avoid global warming on a catastrophic scale, nations need to reduce emissions and find ways to pull carbon from the air. One promising solution: spreading rock dust on farm fields.
A worker in the Barroso mine, near Boticas in northern Portugal, 3 September 2018.
Francisco Leong/AFP
Researchers are turning microbes into microscopic construction crews by altering their DNA to make them produce building materials. The work could lead to more sustainable buildings.