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Articles on Minerals

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Afghanistan has mineral resources that include precious gems and minerals such as copper and rare earth elements. Majid Saeedi/Getty Images

Afghanistan has vast mineral wealth but faces steep challenges to tap it

Afghanistan has vast mineral resources that have long attracted interest from outside countries, but a lack of infrastructure and political instability means they’re unlikely to aid its economy now.
Wind turbines and fighter jets both rely on imported critical minerals. U.S. Air Force; Dennis Schroeder/NREL

The US is worried about its critical minerals supply chains – essential for electric vehicles, wind power and the nation’s defense

Right now, the nation is almost entirely dependent on other countries for minerals that are used in everything from wind turbines to strike fighters and satellites.
A copper mine in Phalaborwa, South Africa. The African continent is home to vast mineral resources. Mark Schwettmann/Shutterstock

Why African countries must invest more in earth sciences

It seems the production of Earth science knowledge in Africa is simply not progressing, despite the world’s interest in (and exploitation of) the continent’s mineral wealth.
Manganese nodules on the Atlantic Ocean floor off the southeastern United States, discovered in 2019 during the Deep Sea Ventures pilot test. National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration

A rush is on to mine the deep seabed, with effects on ocean life that aren’t well understood

Companies are eager to mine the deep ocean for valuable mineral deposits. But scientists are concerned about impacts on sea life, including creatures that haven’t even been discovered yet.
Weathering of rocks like these basalt formations in Idaho triggers chemical processes that remove carbon dioxide from the air. Matthew Dillon/Flickr

An effective climate change solution may lie in rocks beneath our feet

To avoid global warming on a catastrophic scale, nations need to reduce emissions and find ways to pull carbon from the air. One promising solution: spreading rock dust on farm fields.

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