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Groundwater is used for irrigation and drinking water, but those wells are rarely more than one kilometre deep. A huge volume of salty water exists as much as 10 kilometres below the Earth’s surface. (Shutterstock)

Groundwater — not ice sheets — is the largest source of water on land and most of it is ancient

Groundwater is the second-largest store of water on Earth. Governments and industry use groundwater reservoirs to store waste, but it may also have environmental functions that haven’t been revealed.
WitchTok is the subculture of pagans who use TikTok to share spells, learn about mythology and connect with co-religionists. (northeasternherb, showthe8thhouse, greenwitchmystics/TikTok)

How modern witches are enchanting TikTok

Whether someone is scrolling mindlessly or actively conducting research, WitchTok connects witches to their practices and community.
People gather to protest COVID-19 vaccine mandates and masking measures during a rally in Kingston, Ont., in November 2021. Ottawa’s proposals to bypass publishing vaccine mandate guidelines goes against the principles of good governance. THE CANADIAN PRESS/Lars Hagberg

Everyone should be concerned if the federal government bypasses the Canada Gazette

In a time-honoured tradition of Canadian democracy, government regulations become public when they appear in the Canada Gazette. That’s why Ottawa’s proposal to bypass that step is so troublesome.
Older adults are increasingly using technologies in their everyday lives, but the needs of this population are often ignored in AI design. (Shutterstock)

Artificial intelligence can discriminate on the basis of race and gender, and also age

Algorithms have been shown to discriminate on the basis of race and gender. Studying age-related discrimination is essential to develop more equitable AI systems and technologies.
Around the world, from Italy to Québec, authorities are using everything from mandates to incentives to try to get people vaccinated. Here’s why mandates aren’t always effective, are difficult to enforce and often lead to protests like the one seen here in Rome. (AP Photo/Andrew Medichini)

Carrots, sermons, sticks: Vaccine mandates face opposition around the globe

Having exhausted policy tools to convince vaccination holdouts to change their minds, it seems little can be gained from additional vaccine mandates than further weakening social cohesion.
The choice about whether or not to disclose a mental health condition to colleagues or managers, or to share a personal mental illness story with students, includes a number of complex factors. (Shutterstock)

Should university instructors disclose mental health conditions? It’s complicated

The pandemic has introduced a new context for university instructors navigating boundaries and responsibilities around their students’ and their own well-being and mental health.
Researchers sought to understand how thinking about COVID-19 vaccine availability along different timelines might influence a person’s vaccine decisions. (Shutterstock)

‘Never’ or just ‘not yet?’ How timing affects COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy

Vaccine hesitancy may be a waiting game. Even those who said they would never get the COVID-19 vaccine if it were available immediately became more likely to do so when it was available in the future.
Successfully innovating requires business executives to create an innovation-focused company culture, to engage strategically beneficial innovation practices and to avoid those that only work for certain industries. (Shutterstock)

3 ways for businesses to fuel innovation and drive performance

Innovative companies engage in many highly touted best practices. While they can enhance competitiveness, some are more important than others and need a strategy for effective implementation.
A Syrian-Canadian family poses outside their home in Peterborough, Ont., in December 2021. They were among thousands of Syrian refugees resettled in Canada by April 2017 under a program introduced by the Liberal government in 2015 — and now thousands of Afghan refugees are arriving in Canada, many of them under the age of 18. THE CANADIAN PRESS/Fred Thornhill

How Canada should be preparing to help young Afghan refugees

As Canada welcomes refugees from Afghanistan, we must take a moment to learn from the past. Communities across Canada need to be asking how they can be supporting young refugees in their integration.
People gather in Kingston, Ont., to protest COVID-19 vaccine mandates and masking measures on Nov. 14, 2021. THE CANADIAN PRESS/Lars Hagberg 

COVID-19 vaccine mandates would likely face legal hurdles in Canada

Can the government mandate vaccines? Canadians have rights to make decisions about vaccination, but these rights are not absolute, and do not mean those decisions will have no consequences.
A woman poses for a photo with a statue of the Winter Olympic mascot Bing Dwen Dwen near the Olympic Green in Beijing on Jan. 12, 2022. (AP Photo/Mark Schiefelbein)

Get caught up in the Olympic spirit, but keep your (political) eyes wide open

The Olympics, and all “mega sports,” are inevitably embedded in the political contexts of their times. To dismiss or bypass the political issues that arise seems naïve at best.
A woman wades through mud to collect items from her home in San Pedro Sula, Honduras. The devastation brought by hurricanes Eta and Iota in Honduras in November 2020 contributed to a sharp rise in northward migration. (AP Photo/Moises Castillo)

Environmental disasters are fuelling migration — here’s why international law must recognize climate refugees

International refugee law must be overhauled to consider climate change and include “deadly environments” as a form of persecution.
Disregard for public health, like protests at hospitals challenging vaccine passports, seen at this event in September 2021 in Toronto, show schools need to expand how they teach what it means to be a responsible global citizen. THE CANADIAN PRESS/Chris Young

In a pandemic, ignoring science affects everyone. Citizenship education can help ensure that doesn’t happen

The failure to observe public health protocols during the pandemic requires attention and action. Revitalizing global citizenship education in schools should be part of addressing the problem.
A researcher at the Africa Health Research Institute in Durban, South Africa, works on the omicron variant of the COVID-19 virus in December 2021. African countries were penalized by Canada’s travel ban even though they discovered the Omicron variant via complex sequencing work when western nations failed to. (AP Photo/Jerome Delay)

I was ensnared in Canada’s harsh and unscientific African travel ban

Ottawa’s travel ban against African countries made clear its underlying policy: What matters is not your test result, but where you’ve been. It’s yet another example of anti-Africa discrimation.