Marine sediments are the world’s largest store of carbon, and fiords in particular are a massive sink. But New Zealand doesn’t even have an oceans policy to develop blue carbon climate policy.
Mangroves and salt marshes pump out methane – but soak up carbon dioxide. Overall, the world’s coasts are a net greenhouse sink – and we must preserve them
Flamingos feeding in salt marsh on an estuary in South Africa’s Western Cape province.
Geoff Sperring/Shutterstock
Karizki Hadyanafi, National Development Planning Agency (BAPPENAS); Bimo Dwisatrio, Centre for International Forestry Research, and Sandy Nofyanza, Centre for International Forestry Research
As the world’s largest archipelagic state, Indonesia has great potential to earn carbon credits to protect its endangered mangroves and seagrass – which now store around 17% of global “blue carbon”.
A mangrove seed at Nxaxo estuary on South Africa’s Wild Coast.
J. Raw
Tidal marshes can build up their soil to keep pace with sea-level rises – up to a point. It turns out the point when the marsh is drowned matches the average rise when global warming exceeds 1.5°C.
For decades, Indonesia’s mangroves have been degraded or turned into aquaculture. But there are signs of progress, with a new focus on restoration and income-generating alternatives.
Seaweed was thought to be a vital tool in the fight to slow climate change. But it turns out seaweed ecosystems may be a natural source of carbon dioxide – and not a sink.
For over a decade, the inclusion of oceans in climate talks has been piecemeal and inconsistent. And yet, the ocean is critical to help balance the conditions we need to survive.
Rather than considering the job done, Tasmania should seize opportunities including renewable energy, net-zero industrial exports and forest preservation.
A healthy seagrass meadow outside of Porthdinllaen harbour, North Wales.
Richard Unsworth
Seagrass meadows are a powerful ally in the effort to slow climate change and reverse wildlife losses.
Mangroves, like these in Madagascar, provide a range of benefits, including protection from storms and the prevention of coastal erosion.
(Louise Jasper/Blue Ventures)
Despite their enormous value, mangroves are being removed at an alarming rate. A new tool aims to help communities reverse mangrove loss and tap into conservation programs and funding.
Demonstrators in Paris on the day the agreement was signed, December 12 2015.
EPA-EFE/Etienne Laurent
Postdoctoral Researcher (DST-NRF Innovation Fellow) DST-NRF Research Chair in Shallow Water Ecosystems Ocean Sciences Campus, Nelson Mandela University